2024届北京市东城区高三下学期二模英语试题.docx

1、北京市东城区20232024学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）英 语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Steven took his 7-year-old son Alex and 4-year-old daughter Mia out on his boat for fishing and fun. But

2、 in the blink of an eye, things took a terrifying 1 when a strong current suddenly swept through, causing Mia to 2 her hold on the boat.While Mia wore a life jacket, Alex did not. But as the current pulled his sister away, Alex wasnt going to leave her alone. He, too, let go of the 3 and swam toward

3、 his sister.Realizing the danger, Steven 4 jumped into the water and tried to help his kids. But the strong current made it difficult even for him. So he told Alex to swim to shore while he tried to rescue Mia.“I told them both I loved them because I wasnt sure what was going to happen,” Steven reca

4、lled. “I tried to 5 Mia as long as I could. But finally I wore myself out, and she drifted away（漂走） from me.”Alex followed his dads 6 and headed for the shore. But it was no easy task. “The current was going the opposite way,” he explained.This little boy spent an hour 7 his way back to land. He swa

5、m more than a mile. Once he finally made it to the shore, the boy ran to the first house he could find and begged for 8 . From there, Jacksonville authorities 9 and rescued Steven and his daughter.Alex, the brave and 10 little boy saved his sister and dad. If not for him, it would have been a differ

6、ent story.1. A. hit B. turn C. pause D. risk2. A. release B. find C. escape D. regain3. A. fish B. jacket C. boat D. current4. A. unusually B. suddenly C. instantly D. unexpectedly5. A. relate to B. wait for C. count on D. stick with6. A. explanation B. footsteps C. example D. instructions7. A. clea

7、ring B. fighting C. picking D. changing8. A. security B. understanding C. permission D. help9. A. cut in B. looked out C. took over D. came around10. A. tough B. humble C. hard-working D. confident第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A

8、Have you ever heard of the Ring of Fire? It might sound like something straight out of science fiction, 11 it is a real place. The Ring of Fire is the name used by scientists to describe an area 12 frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes take place. In fact, most of the worlds volcanoes are loca

9、ted there. The Ring of Fire is an arc-shaped region that 13 （run） along the coast of North and South America, along the eastern edge of Asia, across Alaskas Aleutian Islands, and along the coast of New Zealand.BAt the moment, AI tools provide results that are not always correct or appropriate. Thats

10、 14 companies are looking for people to help train AI programs. These people are called prompt engineers, who 15 （pay） six - figure salaries. Anna Bernstein, a prompt engineer, writes prompts and feeds them 16 AI tools. This helps the AI generate text with accurate information. She thinks prompt eng

11、ineering is now one of the hottest tech jobs and she loves her job.CWhen Lauren Schroeder, a high school student, 17 （show） up to a community food drive last year, she saw what people there got just a lot of 18 （can） goods. She decided to become the change she wanted to see.Schroeder grew 7,000 poun

12、ds of produce and gave it all away to food banks. Her work drew the attention of Future Farmers of America, which gave her some money for 19 （supply） and seeds. Her goal is 20 （donate） 20,000 pounds of vegetables by the time she graduates.第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

13、该项涂黑。ASpotOver 1.000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions.In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered

14、too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and. when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches.Lightning SwarmInspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots

15、to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot.“We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “O

16、nce a survivo r is found, theyll pass the information out to the operators.”Trail BlazersAt the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot.For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safe

17、ly outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000 for over 30 mins.RoosterThanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across sur

18、faces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases.Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers dont need to enter dangerous areas. R

19、ooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link.21. Which robots can work in the air?A. Spot and Trail Blazers. B. Spot and Lightning Swarm.C. Rooster and Trail Blazers. D. Rooster and Lightning Swarm.22. What do these robots have in common?A. They can send radio sign

20、als.B. They are fitted with cameras.C. They can help conduct rescues.D. They are modelled after animals.23. This passage is probably from _.A. a science magazine B. a test reportC. an operating handbook D. a modern fictionBMark Brown. 57. had been making films for 30 years, but he found himself feel

21、ing tired of it. “I thought, things can only go downhill.” Brown knew he needed to do something else but what? A few years earlier, he had bought his childhood house and moved in. While Brown wondered about a second care er in gardening, he heard a different internal voice. “That child who used to l

22、ove drawing whispered to me down the years,” he said. Some unacknowledged longing in him was brought out.There was a great oak tree near his home. It had stood out to his young self as a “fantastical giant a treasure home to birds, insects and animals. There was a cave inside. We used to squeeze in

23、through this hole.” He decided to lock himself away for two months to draw it in all its glorious detail.“While I was drawing,” he said, “there came moments when it was as though the tree was drawing itself. I had spent so much time playing in it. I could feel it. It was deep inside me.” His finishe

24、d oak held “a real power”, he said. “As you walk towards it, it just grows.” Brown became a tree portraitist.Over the next few years, he travelled across Britain and spent days with the trees selected with the help of the Ancient Tree Forum, the Tree Council and the Woodland Trust. Brown has started

25、 work on a 20-drawing series of Britains most important ash trees. “These beautiful old ash trees are going to be lost to us,” he says. “They are 350 years old and they are dying because of a disease that weve spread.”Drawing is not only an act of care and a demand for preservation, but it “gives me

26、 that interface between my passion for the natural world and my creativity,” Brown says. It has also given him a different perspective on the passage of time. “Im an old man yet Im only 71, and some of the trees Ive drawn are 1,000 years old. When Im with them and when I draw them, I think about the

27、 end of my life and the brief nature of human life that passes momentarily beneath them.”24. At the age of 57. Brown _.A. moved into his old house B. awakened a childhood interestC. reached the peak of his life D. developed a passion for gardening25. What can we learn about the oak tree and Brown?A.

28、 It helped him start a new career.B. It linked him with the world.C. He built a tree house in it.D. He studied creatures in it.26. What is Brown working on?A. Setting up tree organizations.B. Looking for cures for tree diseases.C. Drawing to call for protection for trees.D. Travelling to select impo

29、rtant trees in Britain.27. When Brown is with trees, he feels that _.A. time is endless B. human life is temporaryC. nature is dynamic D. life-long learning is crucialCNeuroscientists usually investigate one brain at a time. They observe how neurons（神经元） fire as a person reads certain words, for exa

30、mple, or plays a video game. As social animals, however, those same scientists do much of their work together brainstorming hypotheses, puzzling over problems and fine-tuning experimental designs. Increasingly, researchers are bringing that reality into how they study brains.Collective neuroscience,

31、 as some practitioners call it, is a rapidly growing field of research. An early, consistent finding is that when people converse or share an experience, their brain waves synchronize. Neurons in corresponding locations of the different brains fire at the same time, creating matching patterns, like

32、dancers moving together. The experience of “being on the same wavelength” as another person is real, and it is visible in the activity of the brain.Such work is beginning to reveal new levels of richness and complexity in sociability. In classrooms where students are engaged with the teacher, for ex

33、ample, their patterns of brain processing begin to synchronize with that teachers and greater synchrony may mean better learning. Couples exhibit higher degrees of brain synchrony than non-romantic pairs, as do close friends compared with more distant acquaintances.But much about the phenomenon rema

34、ins mysterious even scientists occasionally use the word “magic” when talking about it. One straightforward explanation could be that synchrony between brains is a result of shared experience or simply a sign that we are hearing or seeing the same thing as someone else. But the newest research sugge

35、sts that synchrony is more than that or can be. Researchers are discovering synchrony in humans and other species, and they are mapping its choreography its rhythm, timing and undulations（波动） to better understand what benefits it may give us.Given that synchronized experiences are often enjoyable, r

36、esearchers suspect this phenomenon is beneficial: it helps us interact and may have facilitated the evolution of sociality. This new kind of brain research might also cast light on why we dont always “click” with someone or why social isolation（孤立） is so harmful to physical and mental health. With s

37、ynchrony and other levels of neural interaction, humans teach and learn, forge friendships and romances, and cooperate and converse. We are driven to connect, and synchrony is one way our brains help us do it.8. According to the passage, collective neuroscience _.A. collects and refines research on

38、neuronsB. analyses activities of one brain at a timeC. promotes connections among neuroscientistsD. focuses on studying brains in interactive groups29. What can we infer about brain synchrony from Paragraph 4?A. It can benefit other species.B. Its mechanism has changed.C. It demands further investig

39、ations.D. Findings about it are contradictory.30. Which of the following may result from brain synchrony?A. Increasing popularity among peers.B. Better cooperation among teammates.C. Improved techniques for conversations.D. More shared experiences between a couple.DYou might not think that an AI cap

40、able of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered at Mexico Citys Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schuberts Unfinished Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI.As the orchestra（管弦乐团） finished Schuberts original work and beg

41、an the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowds energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousand

42、s or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just like a human musician does.Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AIs symphonic debut（首秀）. Even though most people dont believe that AI can create something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished Symp

43、hony.Enjoyment in music implies that theres something in the music that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the case of AI music, an emotion shared with who? AI, as of yet, has no emotions. So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer? The unsatisf

44、ying answer is that music has no objective meaning. A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds, but its the listener that decides what it means.No matter how it s created, music doesnt exist in a vacuum（真空） to the listener. The meaning we assign to music depends on its context how the piece c

45、onnects to other elements in our lives. Without context, music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost. The context for a music is part of who you are. The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it. As it continues to evolve, AI music will develop its o

46、wn context. Certainly, itll be different from human-made music. Itll mix existing genres to create new ones; itll combine instruments that we wouldnt think of combining. Its rules will be different.Im now always asked the same question: “Who put the emotion in that music: you, the composer, or the A

47、I?” But thats not the question they really want to ask, though. Theres a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now: “Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?”In my experience, this could be possible one day. If a modestly capable music AI in 2019 cou

48、ld stir up emotions of an audience, maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than wed like to admit.31. The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to _.A. their doubts about AIs capabilitiesB. their uneasiness about AIs influenceC. the orchestras brilliant presentation of AI musicD. the likeness between AI mus