2024届山东省威海市高考模拟考试二模英语试题(无答案).docx

1、2024年威海市高考模拟考试英语本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADiscover some of the treasures of South Austra

2、lia before you start an unforgettable cruise（乘船游览）along the fantastic Murray RiverYour adventure begins in Adelaide, one of the worlds most-liveahle cities. A full day tour takes you to South Australias wine region, where youll sample some of the Barossa Valleys finest wines. Youll then take a boat

3、to Kangaroo Island, offering nature-based activities, and encounters with koalas, birds, and kangaroos.Youll then go aboard the PS Murray Princess, a remarkable ship which was built specifically for the Murray River, for an unforgettable three-night cruise along the beautiful Murray River, highlight

4、s including river birdlife, nature walks, and delicious regional flavours.Your holiday includes River Cruise3 night Murray River cruise on board PS Murray Princess with all meals and sightseeingExtend your Cruise! 7 night back to back Murray Princess sailings plus FREE Moarto Zoo visit from $1799 pe

5、r person, twin shareHotel Stays3 night four-star hotel stay in Adelaide with breakfast1 night four-star hotel stay in Kangaroo Island with breakfast and lunchFully Escorted（全程陪同）ToursFull day Barossa Valley tour with lunch and wine tastings2 day Kangaroo Island tourAll flights, taxes and transfersDe

6、partureInside Twin FromOutside Twin FromStateroom（特等舱）From19 Feb 2024$3,199 ppSOLD OUT$4,199 pp27 May 2024$3,299 pp$3,699 ppSOLD OUT5Aug 2024$2,999 pp$3;499 pp$4,199 pp30 Sep 2024SOLD OUT$3,999 ppSOLD OUT6Jan2025$3,299 pp$3,799 pp$4,499 pp24 Feb 2025$3,499 pp$3,999 pp$4,699 pp1What is the highlight

7、of the Barossa Valley tour.AWine tastings.BRegional cuisines.CRiver birdlife.DNatural landscape.2What is included in the upgraded River Cruise package?AFree Moarto Zoo visit.BFully escorted service.C3 night Murray Princess sallings.DFour-star accommodation.3Which departure date has the lowest price

8、for an outside twin cabin?A27 May 2024B5Aug 2024.C6 Jan 2025D24 Feb 2025.BAs a child, I was keen on collecting moths（飞蛾）and butterflies. By adulthood, I could identify about 700 species by sight, recognizing the stripes, dots and colors on their wings and bodies.In 1972, I moved to Australia and con

9、tinued collecting. But I started to struggle: identifying them quickly became an impossible task. The species there were so different from those at home, and there was no space in my mind to recognize them all.My crisis soon increased. Throughout the 1970s, I led expeditions to Papua New Guinea to c

10、ollect moths. One night, we could collect more than twice as many as those I had memorized in my childhood. Identifying them felt overwhelming. I gave up and stopped working on moths. But my instinct to identify them never went away.Two decades later, I was in a supermarket and an idea started to de

11、velop in my mind: what if a part of DNA could be used to differentiate between species Just 13 lines on. the supermarket barcodes（条形码）were being used to identify products What if we could identify species in the same way?To test the idea, I began collecting the moths again. Each sample had to donate

12、 a leg to science. I believed that COI（a single segment of a rapidly evolving gene）present in almost all animals could be used to tell species. With their legs, we used the PCR method to focus in on their section of COI. One by one, it became clear: every single moth could be sorted using a tiny sli

13、ce of their genome（基因组）DNA barcoding was 100% successful on its first test.In our study paper, we claimed that we had discovered a reliable, inexpensive and accessible solution to identifying the millions of animal species waiting to be discovered. I believe DNA barcoding is humanitys first shot at

14、finally discovering all life on Earth. This technique has helped conservationists to fight against wildlife crime and monitor the impact of mining on bodiversity. One day, I am confident it will form part of a system to monitor the biosphere the Same way we monitor the weather.4How did the author re

15、cognize moth species in his childhood?ABy turning to books.BBy using lab equipment.CBy obseiving their behavior.DBy distinguishing their appearance.5What does the underlined “My crisis” in paragraph 3 refer to?AThe loss of interest in studying moths.BThe impossibility of recognizing moths.CThe press

16、ure of discovering new moth species.DThe challenge of collecting as many moth samples.6What inspired the author to use DNA for species identification?AThe ease of using PCR to focus on COI.BThe simplicity of supermarket barcodes.CThe success of DNA barcoding on moths.DThe availability of COI in almo

17、st all animals.7What might DNA barcoding be used for in the future according to the text?AProtecting wildlife habitats.BTracking wildlife population.CAssisting in monitoring biodiversity.DUpdating weather monitoring systems.CSome people may be picky eaters, but as a species we are not. Birds, bugs a

18、nd whales, well eat them all. Yet our reliance on wild animals goes far beyond just feeding ourselves. From agricultural feed to medicine to the pet trade, modern society exploits wild animals in a way that beats even the most aggressive wild predator（捕食者）. Now, for the first time, researchers have

19、tried to capture the full picture of how we use wildlife, including how many, and for what purposes. The research showcases just how broad our influence on wild animals is.In the study, researchers have found that humans kill, collect or otherwise use about 15,000 species. Thats up to 300 times more

20、 than the next top predator in any ecosystem.Yet according to Chris Darimont, a co-author of the study, the biggest shock isnt how many species we affect but why we take them. “The result,” he says, “is that we remove, or essentially prey on, more species of animals for non-food reasons than for foo

21、d reasons.”And the biggest non-food use is as pets and pet food. “Thats where things have gone off the rails（轨道）,” he says. The problem is especially serious for tropical birds. The helmeted hornbill, for example, is captured mainly for the pe trade, or for its beak to be used as medicine or to be c

22、arved like ivory. Their disappearance limits seed dispersal and the spread of trees around the forest.Another big difference between humans influence on wild animals and that of other predators is that we tend to favor rare and exotic（外来的）species in a way other animals do not. Most predators target

23、common species, since they are easier to find and catch. Humans, nowever, tend to covet the novel. “The more rare it is,” say scientists, “the more that drives up the price, and therefore it may go into extinction.”If we want wild species to survive, we need to reestablish our relationship with them

24、, perhaps from predator to caretaker8What role do humans play in their present relationship with wildlife according to the author?APicky predators.DProtectors of biodiversity.CGreedy predators.DCaretakers of the environment.9What shocked scientists most according to Chris Darimont?AMore species hunt

25、ed for non-food use.BThe impact of pet industries on wildlife.CThe number of species affected by humans.DThe consequences caused by species extinction.10Which can best explain the underlined “cover the novel” in paragraph 4?ALong for huge profits.BFavor domestic species.CTake interest in pet trade.D

26、Seek after new and unique things.11What is the purpose of the text?ATo promote stricter rules for hunting.BTo advocate eco-friendly pet choices.CTo reveal how humans affect biodiversity.DTo highlight the need for wildlife conservation.DHow much water does the average adult need to drink every day? “

27、Eight 8-ounce glasses” is common advice, but any truly serious answer to the how-much question will begin with some version of it depends.”Researchers have long known that a region called SFO in the brain monitors the concentration（浓度）of water and salts in blood and triggers the urge to drink. But t

28、hey failed to fully explain how we experience thirst. For example, when we gulp a drink, we feel almost instantly satisfied, and yet it takes 10 to 15minutes for a liquid to enter our bloodstream. Recently neuroscientists have gained other remarkable insights into how thirst is monitored in the body

29、 and controlled in the brain.In a series of elegant experiments with mice, Zimmerman, a neuroscientist, and his associates measured the activity of neurons（神经元）in the SFO. “We saw that their activity changed very fast when the mouse drank water or drank saltwater and when it ate food,” he says. The

30、researchers showed that signals gathered at the SFO from several places. “You get a signal from the blood that tells your current state of hydration（水平衡）, a signal from the mouth that tells you how much fluid you drank, and a signal from the gut that tells you what was consumed was it . water, was i

31、t something else?” The SFO neurons, he explains, “add these signals together” and then transmit the urge to drink or stop drinking.The big takeaway of Zimmermans work is that for the most part you can trust your thirst system to tell you when you need to drink. But there are exceptions. Because the

32、systems sensitivity may decline with age. People with certain health conditions, including kidney stones and diarrhea, also need extra water.Other parts of the brain the ones used in planning should help with hydration on hot days and when exercising. Thirsty or not, Zimmerman says, he drinks water

33、before going for a run: “My thirst neurons dont know Im about to run 10 miles.”12What has long been known about thirst?AThirst experience varies among individuals.B Thirst is controlled by the water-salt balance in blood.CThirst satisfaction occurs with water entering bloodstream.DThirst response is

34、 influenced by the type of liquid consumed.13Whats the main idea of paragraph 3?AWhy we feel thirst.BWhere SFO gets signals.CHow we experience thirst.DWhen SFO neurons get active.14Whats the major conclusion from Zimmermans study?AThirst system is generally reliable.BIllness might affect thirst sens

35、ation.CBrain areas for planning aid in hydration.DBrain adjusts to age-related thirst sensitivity.15What may be a suitable title for the text?ADrink Your Way to HealthBApplication of the Thirst MechanismsCMisunderstanding of Daily Water IntakeDBody Detects Daily Water Needs Cleverly第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，

36、满分12.5分）根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The harsh winters and modern cities can make life tough for a wild animal, especially when they get lost and are outside their natural habitat for too long. Animal shelters are crowded with animals in desperate need of help, especially during the win

37、ter season. 16 One day, a man found a small owl（猫头鹰）that was soaking wet and appeared to be struggling. He brought it into a local shelter. 17 The little owl was unable to fly, not because of an injury, but because it was too fat.The owl weighed 245grams, which was 33% more than the upper limit of w

38、hat an owl that size should weigh. The reason for the weight gain was quite natural. The owl was eating too much. The winter had been unusually warm, and as a result, the area had a higher than normal population of mice. 18 So it got carried away.The shelter staff put the owl on a systematic plan of

39、 diet and exercise, and it started to lose weight quickly. After some time, the owl was back to its normal health and was released back into the wild.The question of whether this obesity issue is a strange result of climate change or just a coincidence（巧合）is difficult to say. 19 Wild animals are not

40、 used to living in modern cities, and they often struggle to survive. Luckily, there are many animal shelters that offer refuge for these animals. These shelters help restore them to their natural condition and put them back into the wild 20 Some focus on specific animals, such as owls, while others

41、 focus on a particular region. However, they all have the same goal -to provide a safe have n for wild animals.ADifferent types of animal shelters have different purposes.BAnimal shelters are not just a place for injured or sick animals.CThis meant that it was like an all-you-oan-eat buffet for the

42、little owl.DThey are really important when animals struggle to survive in cold weather.EAfter a thorough check-up, the shelter staff found out that it was not injured at all.FHowever, it is clear that it is vital to care for wild animals and to ensure their safety.GHowever, recently, a wild animal w

43、as brought to a shelter for a very different reason.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jessica Cox is the worlds first licensed armless pilot.Born without arms, Cox never let her 21 become her disadvantage, She learned at a young age how to use her f

44、eet as her hands. And after eleven years of wearing prosthetic arms（假肢）, she decided to be “the real Jessica” and 22 the arms. This was the start of her new life.Cox loved swinging because it was something that she could control and 23 flying. over everything. And this 24 her determination to become

45、 a pilot.She had her first 25 of being a pilot during a trip to Mexico in a small plane. She had the 26 to place her foot on the yoke（操纵杆）and feel the experience of being in the air. After that, her, childhood 27 of planes disappeared. The feeling of control, of the freedom, was more 28 than her hor

46、ror. On that day, she decided to 29 her dream of becoming a pilot. This was not without 30 though. Finding an instructor was a challenge. A lot were 31 teaching and qualifying an armless pilot. Cox didnt give up and eventually found herself a（n） 32 . Her dream became a reality in 2008 when she took

47、her first solo flight.Cox is not only a pilot but also a 33 for people with disabilities. As a motivational speaker, she has traveled across the world to 34 others. She is a fighter for the 35 of persons with disabilities, which gives them access to education, health care, and the same advantages she had growing up.21AdisabilityBshynessCexperienceDgender22Aget rid ofBput up withCget used toDtake care of23AadmitBpracticeCconsiderDimagine34AshowedBrenewedClaunchedDstrengthened25AtasteBlectureClicenceDmission26AfreedomBstruggleCinvitationDopportunity27Afear