2024届山西省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题（三） 英语试题（B）(无答案).docx

1、姓名_准考证号_试题类型：B秘密启用前英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm的黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所

2、给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. How will the man probably get to Cambridge University?A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car.2. When will the woman have breakfast in her room?A. At 6:30. B. Before 6:30. C. After 6:3

3、0.3. What will the man probably do next?A. Not decided yet.B. Stay at home studying. C. Have a trip to Shanghai.4. What about the womans research?A. Havent begun. B. Havent finished. C. Already finished.5. Why was the man almost late?A. He didnt catch the bus. B. He missed the lift. C. He walked too

4、 slowly.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What kind of ticket is the cheapest?A. A full-price ticket. B. A discount ticket. C. A special ticket.7. Where does the conversation most pr

5、obably take place?A. At the theater. B. At the post office.C. At the booking office.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates.9. Why is the computer slow according to the man?A. It has no memory. B. It is out of date. C. It has

6、a virus.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10. What do we know about the man?A. He is a good cook. B. He gets fat after marriage. C. He is angry with his wife.11. What does the woman suggest the man do to lose weight?A. Live far away from work. B. Join a health club. C. Ask his wife to stop cooking.12. How often does

7、 the woman work out a week?A. Three times. B. Five times. C. Seven times.13. What does the man think of the woman?A. Thin. B. Fat. C. Weak.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What is the matter with the girl?A. She breaks a tooth. B. She has a toothache. C. She feels pain in her body.15. What is the date today?A.

8、August 30th. B. September 1st. C. September 12th.16. Who is Dina?A. The mans student. B. The mans assistant. C. The mans wife.17. What does the dentist promise about pain during the procedure?A. Lisa will feel no pain.B. Lisa will only feel discomfort.C. Lisa will experience severe pain.听第10段材料，回答第1

9、8至20题。18. How long does it take to do the tests according to the speaker?A. Half an hour. B. An hour. C. An hour and a half.19. What can students do at 10:00?A. Pick up books at reception.B. Listen to an interesting social program.C. Come back to the Learning Center.20. Who will give away students t

10、imetables?A. Rebecca. B. Steve. C. The speaker.第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANew York City has many remarkable parks and open spaces that are perfect for hanging out in warm weather. Here are four of our favorite places to take a scenic walk, plus where to

11、eat nearby.Louis Valentino, Jr. ParkDont let all of the factories fool you Louis Valentino, Jr. Park has the best view of the Statue of Liberty. When you get hungry, stop by Red Hook Lobster Pound for mayo-coated lobster (龙虾). Sit at one of the cafes first come, first served outdoor tables, or eat o

12、n the waterfront.Riverside ParkStretching 4 miles from 72nd to 158th St, Riverside Park is perfect for hanging out along the Hudson River, enjoying beautiful views of New Jersey. If walking the whole way isnt your thing, theres a bike path too. Daily Provisions offers fantastic sandwich choices, lik

13、e juicy chicken and smoked bacon.Central ParkThere are many reasons to walk through Central Park this spring: historic landmarks, great bird watching spots, and hanging out with friends. And while these are enjoyable activities, theyre even better with a pastrami sandwich from Pastrami Queen.Ridgewo

14、od ReservoirAt Ridgewood Reservoir, youll find an easy hiking spot with a peaceful nature preserve and skyline views of Manhattan. After hiking, head to Rolos for various sandwich options. It has outdoor tables but no heaters, so you can take everything to go if its too cold out.21. What is the best

15、 spot for enjoying views of the Statue of Liberty?A. Louis Valentino, Jr. Park. B. Ridgewood Reservoir.C. Riverside Park. D. Central Park.22. What makes Riverside Park an attractive destination?A. It features a bike path for leisurely rides.B. It provides various sandwich options at Rolos.C. It is k

16、nown for its iconic status and historic landmarks.D. It provides a scenic walk with options for bird watching.23. Where is this article most likely sourced from?A. An online cooking advertisement.B. A local New York City travel guide.C. The lifestyle section of a local newspaper.D. An official touri

17、sm design for New York City.BCharlie Jeffers, 17, a senior at Redwood High School in Marin County, Calif., has loved Lego since age 4. His room is full of Lego bricks. Noticing his friends start throwing away their old Lego collections, he hatched a plan. “Legos are pricey,” he noted. “Many cant aff

18、ord them.” He started collecting unwanted Lego parts from friends and neighbors, spreading the word through community notices and door-to-door visits. The response was surprising. Donations of old Lego sets poured in, propelling Jeffers to formalize his efforts under the banner of Pass the Bricks. T

19、ogether with a dedicated team of volunteers, Jeffers and his teammates carefully clean, sort, and repurpose collected Lego pieces into imaginative sets. These sets, each with roughly 20 to 60 pieces, are carefully made to create scenes such as blind dates or family photoshoots. Since its start in 20

20、20, Pass the Bricks has made a significant success. With over 3,000 sets donated to date, Jeffers and his team are driven by two purposes: to reduce landfill waste and to provide Legos to children who might otherwise go without. Jeffers stresses the educational value of Lego, emphasizing its capacit

21、y to inspire creativity and learning.Pass the Bricks has since expanded its reach nationwide, with volunteers in several states distributing sets to local charities. To ensure each set is presented with care, Jeffers uses donations and personal funds from his job at a gym to purchase affordable card

22、board gift boxes online. These sets, accompanied by instructions and a photo of the finished product, are distributed to various organizations and directly to children at local schools.Despite his approaching to college, Jeffers remains devoted to his commitment to Pass the Bricks. He plans to conti

23、nue and expand the initiative, driven by a desire to share the joy and educational benefits of Lego with as many children as possible. “Were grateful to share them with the kids and families we serve,” Jeffers expresses. Reflecting on his own Lego-filled childhood, he acknowledges its profound influ

24、ence. “I aim to provide others with the same chance,” he emphasizes, echoing his ongoing commitment to sharing the joy of Lego with all.24. What is the primary purpose of Pass the Bricks?A. To generate profit from selling Lego sets.B. To recycle old Lego pieces and reduce waste.C. To compete with ot

25、her Lego manufacturers.D. To promote the use of Legos in professional settings.25. Which best replaces the word “propelling” in paragraph 2?A. Forcing. B. Preventing. C. Urging. D. Expecting.26. How does Jeffers ensure that each set is presented with care?A. By relying on community contributions.B.

26、By investing in appropriate packaging materials.C. By securing financial support through various means.D. By distributing with charitable organizations nationwide.27. What does Jeffers hope to achieve by continuing Pass the Bricks?A. Establishing a sustainable company.B. Eaming recognition for his d

27、edication.C. Enhancing personal satisfaction and growth.D. Sharing Lego joy with many children and families.CIf youre lucky enough to live near forests, youll know that its cooler under the trees during hot mid-days. Even if you live in a city with more buildings than trees, visiting a local park or

28、 garden can help you stay cool.A study from the University of Surrey in the UK found that botanical gardens can make city air cooler by up to 5 degrees Celsius. Wetlands and rain gardens arent far behind, cooling the air by about 4.7 and 4.5 degrees Celsius. Trees along streets also help, lowering a

29、ir temperatures by 3.8 degrees Celsius, while city parks can make it 3.2 degrees Celsius cooler.The paper notes that an air temperature of 40.3 (104.5 ) broke records in the UK on July 19, 2022. Some 62,862 leaths were linked to summer heat across Europe in the same year, while the 2003 heatwave in

30、Europe led to an economic loss of 16 billion due to drought and crop failures. According to the IPCC,“green and blue urban infrastructure (基础设施) elements, including parks, engineered greening projects, wetlands, green walls, and botanical gardens, are particularly effective in reducing air temperatu

31、res in cities”.Weve already seen a number of architecture projects around the world employ large amounts of greenery to promote local cooling, along with beneficial landscaping. However, its important to recognize that there isnt one simple solution to suit every site, and much will depend on effect

32、ive planning.“Our paper confirms just how many ways there are to keep cool,” added Professor Maria de Fatima Andrade at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. “But it also reveals how much work is left to do. Institutions around the world need to invest in the right research because whats very clear f

33、rom our study is that there is no universal solution. It depends on what works for your community.”28. What can we conclude from the first two paragraphs?A. Green spaces help keep people cool.B. Wetlands and rain gardens are less effective.C. Botanical gardens are the best way to stay cool.D. More t

34、rees in urban areas mean cooler temperatures.29. Why does the author mention “Europe” in paragraph 3?A. To discuss specific consequences of heatwaves.B. To emphasize the widespread impact of urban heat.C. To illustrate the seriousness of heatwaves with examples.D. To provide context for temperature

35、records and their impacts.30. What does Professor Andrade emphasize about cooling solutions?A. The significance of global research support.B. The variety of cooling methods available.C. The requirement for universal cooling solutions.D. The importance of tailoring solutions to fit local needs.31. Wh

36、at might be a suitable title for the passage?A. The Cooling Power of Urban Green SpacesB. The Economic and Health Impacts of HeatwavesC. Innovative Architectural Solutions for Urban CoolingD. The Role of Botanical Gardens in Urban Temperature RegulationDA team of scientists from the Center for Cogni

37、tion and Sociality and the Data Science Group at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) made an exciting discovery about how computers and human brains work similarly when remembering things. They found out that the way artificial intelligence (AI) models, like those in smart robots, store memories i

38、s a lot like how our brains memory center, called the hippocampus (海马体), does it. This part of the brain is really important for feelings and memories.Understanding how AI learns and keeps information is key to making it smarter. The scientists looked into how our brains learn and remember by focusi

39、ng on a special process involving the NMDA receptor, a critical part of the hippocampus. This receptor works like a smart door in our brain that helps with learning and remembering. It opens when certain brain chemicals are present, allowing the cell to receive signals and create memories. A specifi

40、c element, magnesium, acts like a guard, only letting substances in under the right conditions.Interestingly, the team found that Transformer, a type of AI model, uses a similar “guarding” method to manage its memory. They wondered if they could make the Transformers memory better by copying the bra

41、ins process. By adjusting some settings in the Transformer to mimic (模拟、模仿) the brains memory door, they improved its ability to remember things long-term, just like adjusting magnesium levels can affect how well we remember stuff.This discovery is a big deal because it shows we can use what we know

42、 about the brain to make AI smarter. C. Justin LEE, a neuroscience (神经学) director at the institute, mentioned that this research was a big step forward for both AI and brain science. It opens up new ways to understand how the brain works and to create more advanced AI based on these insights.So, in

43、simple terms, scientists have figured out that computers can learn and remember in ways that are surprisingly similar to us, which could help make them even smarter in the future.32. What does the term “NMDA receptor” in paragraph 2 most likely refer to?A. A type of computer virus that attacks AI sy

44、stems.B. A new technology for making computers run faster.C. A component in AI models that predicts future events.D. A part of the human brain involved in learning and memory.33. What did the team discover about Transformer?A. It directly mimics the brains memory process.B. It is unaffected by chang

45、es in memory settings.C. It uses a special method to manage memory.D. It requires adjustments to enhance long-term memory.34. What is the significance of the research findings according to C. Justin LEE?A. It is a new approach to memory organization.B. It is a crucial step in advancing AI and neuros

46、cience.C. It is a method for improving short-term memory in AI.D. It is a breakthrough in understanding AI emotional processing.35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Exploring the NMDA receptor in the brain.B. Discussing implications of neuroscience for AI.C. Comparing computer and human memor

47、y processes.D. Discovering similarities between AI and human memory.第二节 (共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Develop Critical Thinking SkillsTheres no magic method to change your thinking processes. Improvement happens with small, intentional changes in your everyday ha

48、bits until a more critical approach to thinking is automatic. Here are some tips for building stronger self-awareness and learning how to improve critical thinking:Be careful 36 . One of the key principles of critical thinking is asking questions and analyzing the available information. You might surprise yourself at what you find when you stop to think before taking action. Before making a decision, use evidence, logic, and reasoning to supp