2024新牛津译林版七年级上册《英语》Unit2 知识点讲义 .docx

1、7A Unit 2 讲解jog/dg/vi慢跑，慢步长跑（尤指锻炼）n慢跑 jogging - go jogging go v-ing paint /pent/vi.vt.用颜料画；在上刷油漆n绘画颜料；油漆 painting oil paint 油漆；油画颜料；油性涂料paper-cutting/pep/kt/n.剪纸 all kinds of 各种各样的 kind type / style vary various fitfitadj.健康的keep fit / healthy around /rand/prep.围绕，环绕adv.到处，向各处roundaround the world 全

2、世界show sb around. turn around change /ten(d)/vt使不同vi.n.改变，变化 change ones life 改变某人的生活change n. 找零exchange (students) 交换(生)lifelaif n.（pl.lives）个人生活；生命 all ones life thief(小偷)，wife(妻子)，wolf(狼)，shelf(架子)，knife(刀)，half(半)， leaf(树叶)， life(生命)，scarf(围巾) museum/mju:zim/n.博物馆 thing/n东西 things something, an

3、ything, nothing，everythingapart/pt/adv.分开 take apart拆卸，拆开（机器等） fixfiksvt.修理；安装 mend: 通常指较简单的修复过程，一般不需要专门技术或特殊工具。repair: 可与mend换用，但一般指需要较高的职业技能和使用较复杂的工具进行修理。patch: 通常指用类似材料修补破洞、裂缝或磨损的地方。fix: 多用于美语，仅用于指带有安装固定性质的修理。endlessendlsadj无穷无尽的，不计其数的end n. at the end of . in the end = at last = finally v. 结束com

4、plete: 侧重指完成预定的任务或使某事完善，补足缺少的部分等。finish: 与complete基本同义，着重圆满地结束或完成已着手的事。end: 最普通用词，着重事情的完成。也指某种活动因达到目的而自然结束或由于某种原因而突然中止。close: 普通用词，着重行为的终止或结束，不强调其目的。conclude: 正式用词，多指以某事或活动达到预期目的而告终。by the end 到末尾；到为止from beginning to end 自始至终come to an end v. 结束put an end to 结束；终止end up 结束；死亡end in 以为结果；以告终end with

5、 以结束scientist/santst/n.科学家 science 科学dream/drim/n.梦想；梦 sweet dream 酣梦，甜蜜的梦 day dream 白日梦in your dream 你做梦v. 梦想，做梦，向往dream of/about 梦想；梦见 true/tru/adj.真正的，实质的；确实的 truly adv. 真实地，不假；真诚地right: 使用广泛，可与这些词中的correct换用，但常暗示道德、理解、行动等方面的正确。true: 暗指绝对准确，尤指复制品与原件丝毫不差。correct: 最常用词，主要指按一定标准或规则来衡量，没有谬误和差错或无缺点错误。

6、exact: 着重在质与量方面的准确come true实现，成为现实 club/klb/n.社团，俱乐部 join the club 加入俱乐部football club 足球俱乐部member/memb/n.成员 a member of . . 的一员geography/dgrf/n地理（学） biogeography n. 生物地理学biology 生物p.m.pi：emabbr.下午 a.m. 上午volleyball /vlib:l/n.排球运动 play each/it/det.，pron. adv.每个，各自 each: 指两个或两个以上中的每一个，强调个别。every: 指3个或

7、3个以上的整体中的每一个，侧重于整体，与all接近。each other 彼此，互相each of 每个each one 每个人；各人each of us 我们每个人each and every 每个，每一个each of them 他们中的每一个【+ v 三单】each piece 人人，各人，每人，个个，各个each and all 全部，个个；全体，人人，大家都，统统；没有例外each to each 一一对应地once/wns/adv.一次 twice 两次；两倍 once again 再一次if once 一旦; 一经;once more 再一次for once 仅此一次at onc

8、e 马上，立刻join/dn/vtvi加入；与一道去 join: 侧重把原来不相连接的物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。join in + 活动take part in + 活动meeting/mit/n.集合，会面；会议 sound/sand/linking v.听起来好像 n. 声音，语音； adj. 合理的；健全的，健康的；可靠的；有效彻底的adv. 彻底地，充分地safe and sound 安然无恙healthy: 指身体无病，也可指身心健全、正常的。sound: 侧重身体各部分或器官没有病，无任何缺陷，即健康。well: 仅

9、指没有疾病，但不一定很健康。strong: 既指体格健壮，又指体力或精神上的力量。sound like 听起来像.sound sleep 舒适的睡眠；酣睡planplnvt.n.打算；计划 plan to do sth plan for 为订计划时 态: planned, planning, plansquestionnaire/kwestne/n调查表，问卷examination: 通常指为检查学生知识或能力而举行的正式考试，有时也指临时考试。test: 多指有具体目的的临时性考试或小考。quiz: 指时间较短，随时进行的口头或书面的非正式测验。exam: 系examination的缩略形式

10、，口语用词，通俗。roleruln.角色 play a/the role of v. 担任角色play an important role 起到重要作用 play a role in 在起作用role play 角色游戏model/mdl/n.模范，典型；模特儿 role modeln.楷模，行为榜样 example for example 例如 set an example (for.) (为.)树立榜样follow design/dzan/vt.n.设计 designer n. 设计师，谋划者by design 故意create: 侧重创造出来的东西以前并不存在，或者指独具特色的创作。co

11、mpose: 多指音乐或诗歌、画的创作。design: 主要指在艺术或技术领域的创作设计，强调构思多于实际制造。invent: 主要用于科技领域，指通过思考、研究或实验制造出新的前所未有、极为有用的东西。make: 最普通用词，指任何东西的创作或制造。produce: 指产品的生产，或作品创作的完成。skillskiln.技能；技艺 skillful adj. 熟练的，巧妙的skilled adj. 熟练的，有技能的basic skill 基本技能；基本功painting/pent/n.画作 artist/tst/n.艺术家，（尤指）画家 master/mst/n.能手，擅长者；大师，师父 v

12、t. 控制；精通；征服n. 主人；大师；硕士；教师adj. 主要的；主人的；熟练的 bachelor n. 单身男子，单身汉；学士；学士学位work/wk/n.作品，著作 work(s) of art 艺术品work:【U】 最普通用词，含义广，指人们日常生活和工作中所从事的有目的的体力或脑力劳动。 task: 通常指分派给的任务，也指自愿的工作，但往往是艰巨或令人厌烦的工作。 job: 【C】多用于口语，侧重指受雇用的，以谋生为目的工作，不论有无技术，也不管是零工或散工。work for 效劳；为工作；为效力work hard 努力学习；辛勤工作work together 合作；共事；共同工

13、作work out 解决；算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；弄懂work as 担任；以身份而工作social work 社会福利工作team work 配合，协力；工作小组；协同工作become/bkm/linking v成为，开始变得 时 态: became become, becoming, becomesbecome: 最普通用词，作为连系动词，指从一个状态向另一个状态的变化。get: 常指某人或某物有意无意地获得引起变化的因素，结果使变成另一状态。grow: 常指逐渐地变成新状态，强调渐变的过程。turn: 侧重指变得与原来截然不同，有时含贬义。go: 作为连系动词，通常与形容词连用，指进

14、入某种状态，从而发生变化，多指不好的状态。come: 侧重变化的经过或过程，多用于不良情况。designer/dzan/n.设计师 future/fjut/n.未来 in the future 在将来in future 从今以后，往后for the future 将来；从今以后in the near future 在不久的将来in the future 在未来 hope/hp/vt.，vi.n.希望 hopeful adj. 有希望的，有前途的hopefully adv. 怀有希望地hopeless adj. 绝望的hope to do sth hope (that) sb will do s

15、th hope for 希望，期待in the hope of 怀着的希望beyond hope 没希望的；绝望的【课本知识点精讲】第一部分 Welcome to the unit【知识梳理1】I read all kinds of books, and I learn a lot from them.1.all kinds of 各种各样的 同义短语_各种各样的玩具_2.learn a lot from them 从它们中学到很多短语：学做某事_ 有关.学到很多_向某人学习_答案：1.different kinds of ;all kinds of toys 2.learn to do st

16、h. ; learn a lot about sth. ;learn from sb.【例题精讲】1.For your health, you should oftentake partinallkindsofsports.2.Dont be afraid ofmaking mistakes. You canlearnalotfromthem.【课堂练习】1.我喜欢在空余时间参加各种学校俱乐部。_2.玛丽在空闲时间喜欢阅读，因为她可以从书籍中收获很多知识。_答案：1.I liketaking partinallkindsofschool clubs in my free time.2.Marr

17、yenjoys reading in her spare time, because she canlearnalotfrombooks.【知识梳理2】It helps me keep fit.1.help 动词 帮助 短语：帮助某人做某事_ 在某方面帮助某人_help也可以用作名词，表示帮助； 需要帮助_拓展：helpful 形容词 乐于助人的;有帮助的 helpless 形容词 无助的2.keep fit 保持健康 同义短语_fit 这里是形容词，表示“健康的”，相当于healthy；fit还可以作动词，表示“合适”；The shirt fits me well.这件衬衫很适合我。答案：1

18、.help sb.(to) do sth. help sb. with sth; need help 2.stay/keep healthy【例题精讲】1.In order tokeepfit, we should form healthy living habits.2.The children alwayshelp each other when they arein trouble.【课堂练习】1.Eric, can youhelpme_(wash) the clothes?2.If you take your teachers advice, you will find it very

19、_(help).3.为了保持健康，我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果。_答案：1.(to) wash 2.helpful 3.Tokeepfit, we should have more vegetables and fruit.第二部分 Reading【知识梳理3】Daniel is one of my new friends. He is a fan of science.1.one of. .之一；后面通常需要接名词的_;问题之一_如果表达“最.之一”；结构是one of+最高级+名词复数形式最好的朋友之一_ 最长的河流之一_2.a fan of science 科学迷 足球迷_fan不仅可以表示“

20、粉丝，迷”；还可以表示“扇子”；大象的耳朵看起来像扇子。_3.science 科学 科学家_答案：1.复数形式;one of the problems ; one of the best friends; one of the longest rivers; 2. a fan of football; The elephants ear looks like a fan. 3.scientist 【例题精讲】1.Paper cutting isoneofthe most popular Chinese folk art.2.Huang isafanofswimming and is reall

21、y interested in winter swimming.【课堂练习】1.我觉得你是摇滚乐迷。_2.I am going to be a_(science). I will study harder.3.It is said that he isoneofthe youngest_(professor) in the university.答案：1.scientist 2.professors 3.I think youreafanofrock music.【知识梳理4】Science changes our lives. Daniel often visits science muse

22、ums.1.change our lives 改变我们的生活change 动词 意思是改变 改变我的生活方式_ 改变很多_ change 也可以作名词，表示“改变；变化” 巨大的变化_change作名词还可以表示“零钱”；这是你的零钱。_2.visit 参观；拜访 参观某地_ 拜访某人_参观者_答案：1.change my lifestyle; change a lot ;great changes;Heres you change. 2.visit sp. ;visit sb. ;visitor【例题精讲】1.Compared with five years ago, the place h

23、aschangeda lot.2.The volunteersvisitthe old peoples hometwice a month.【课堂练习】1.Lily is having a good time_(visit) Beijing with her friends.2.1 . I think Beijing is the most popular city for_(visit).3.请尽快告诉我们讲座时间的变化。_答案：1.visiting 2.visitors 3.Please tell me thechangeof the time of the lecture as soon

24、 as possible.【知识梳理5】At home, he likes to take things apart and learn how they work. 1.take apart 拆分 把玩具拆了 _ take 相关短语 take care of 照顾 take out 拿出；取出 take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 take on承担take in 吸收；欺骗 take up占据 take away拿走 take down写下；记下2.learn how they work 了解它们如何工作的；learn后面接了how引导的宾语从句我想知道他们如何完成任务的。_答案：1.ta

25、ke apart the toys 2.I want to know how they finish the task.【例题精讲】1.I knowhow totakeapartthe filters（过滤器） and clean them.2.I want to know when the party will begin.【课堂练习】1 . The teacher asked us to _ the main ideas from the text.I think we should alsotakenotes for the exam.Atake off Btake down Ctake

26、 up2. Im afraid we cant catch our plane.Dont worry. Because of the weather, the plane will _ two hours later.Atake up Btake out Ctake off答案：BC【知识梳理6】In his free time,Daniel reads many science books. He also goes on the internet to find answers to his endless questions 1.in ones free time 在某人有空的时候 相当

27、于free 形容词 除了表示“有空的”；还可以表示“免费的”； 短语：免费_2.fine answers to. 找到.的答案；answer后面用to表示“.的答案”；这里的to是介词类似表达：房间的钥匙_3.endless questions 无穷无尽的问题拓展：end 动词 结束 结束的比平时早_ 以.结尾_end 名词 结束 短语in the end表示“在最后”；同义短语/词是_和_在这个月末_ending 名词 结局 a happy ending 大团圆结局答案：1.for free 2.the key to the room 3.end earlier than usual; en

28、d up doing sth; at last;finally；at the end of this month;【例题精讲】1.Inmyfreetime, I like listening to pop music to make me feel happier.2.All the parks are open topeopleforfree.3.Did they know theanswertothe question？4.Thanks to his teachers, his dreamcame trueintheend.【课堂练习】1.在我的空闲时间，我喜欢唱歌。_2.谁能找出那些问题

29、的答案？_3.The way is so long, the trip seems to be _.(end)答案：1.I like singing in my free time. 2.Who can find out the answers to those questions? 3.endless【知识梳理7】He wants to be a scientist one day. I am sure his dream can come true.1.want to do sth.想要做某事 同义短语_将来我想要成为一名歌唱家。_2.be sure后面跟的句子是宾语从句；除了宾语从句，b

30、e sure 还可以接动词to do 形式，也就是be sure to do sth. 确保做某事be sure to shut the window 确保关窗户e true 实现拓展：实现梦想的三种表达：make ones dream come true; realize ones dream;achieve ones dream答案：1.would like to do sth. ; I want to be a singer in the future.【例题精讲】1.Besureto keep in touch withme while you are away.2.Imsuretha

31、t you will make greatprogressas long as you keep onreading.3.Nevergive up, and your dream willcometrue.【课堂练习】1.吉姆应该努力学习以实现他的梦想。_2.Jackwants_(play) in the next World Cup. I hope he can make it.3.Are you sure _(come)to my birthday party?4.当我长大了，我想当一名消防员。_答案：1.Jim shouldstudy hardto make his dreamcomet

32、rue. 2.to play 3.to come 4.When I grow up, Iwanttobea fireman.第三部分 Grammar 行为动词的一般现在时【知识梳理1】一般现在时1一般现在时的用法1)经常性的动作。用于说明一个经常性的、习惯性的、反复发生的动作。句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes, on Sundays等时间状语。2)事实和真理。表示现在的状态、特征和按常理应该存在的情况；表示普遍真理或客观事实。2.一般现在时的构成1) 当谓语是be动词时，构成为：主语+be动词( am, is, are )+其他。如：I am a

33、 student.Now I am a worker. Now she is a teacher. Now they are doctors总结：be动词的一般现在时态有：am, is, are; 2) 当谓语是行为动词时，构成有两种：(1)主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他。(2)主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。3)主语为第三人称单数(he，she，it，单数人名/物名)时动词在一般现在时中的变化规则：构成规则例 词 一般规则：在原形动词后面加-scook-cooks, write-writes动词以-s，-o，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的，在原形动词后加-escross

34、-crosses, go-goes, fix-fixesteach-teaches, wash-washes动词是以辅音字母加y结尾的，将y改为-iesstudy-studies, fly-flies,谓语动词是以元音字母加y结尾的，在y后加-sbuy-buys, enjoy-enjoys, play-plays时间状语或关键词：often, usually, every day/morning/week/year, sometimes，on Sundays【例题精讲】We often play football after school.Jim usually goes shopping a

35、t weekends.【课堂练习】一、单项选择1My uncle usually _ water after dinner, but now he _ tea.Adrinks; drinksBdrinks; is drinkingCis drinking; drinksDis drinking; is drinking2Does Ella like _? Yes. She often _ things from the stores.Ashop; buysBshop; is buyingCshopping; buysDshopping; is buying3Jim usually _ his

36、homework in the evening, but he _ computer games now.Adoes; playsBdoes; is playingCis doing; playsDis doing; is playing4Where is your grandmother? She _ in the park now. She usually _ there after dinner.Awalks; walksBwalk; walkingCis walking; walksDis walking; is walking5Who is that girl?Shes Tina.

37、Shes playing volleyball with her friends. She often _ sports after school.AplayBplaysCis playingDare playing二、单词拼写6Rick has a new bike. He (ride) it to school every morning.7Peter (play) soccer after school every day.8It always (rain) in Yunnan from June to October.9My father often (watch) TV in the

38、 evening.10What time your brother (do) his homework every evening?11He usually (go) to school in his Dads car.12The boy (not do) his homework on weekends.13 you Chinese now?No, I English. I English for one hour every day. (speak)14Linda usually (cook) dinner for her family.15My brother (do) his homework every evening. But now he (watch)TV.答案：1B2C3B4C5B6rides7plays8rains9watches10does do11goes12doesnt do13Are speaking am speaking speak14cooks15does is watching【知识梳理2】一般现在时句型结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答特殊疑问句I am a teacher.She / He is a teacher.I am not a teacher.She / He is