名词性从句 （ppt课件）-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项.pptx

1、名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句：在句中的作用相当于名词在句中所起的作用（句子成分），因此被称为名词性从句。名词性从句引导名词性从句的关联词有：连接词：that,whether,if。That 本身无词义，可省略；weather,if 本身有词义，不可省略。这三个连词在句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分。连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever 等，连接代词在句中既起连接作用又在句中充当成分。连接副词：when,where,how,why.连接副词在句中既起连接作用又作状语。这类词引导的从句在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位

2、语。表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词 that。That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。(2)从属连词 whether。Whether hell come here isnt clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3)连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,what

3、ever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why。如：What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home-my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我唯一的家。常以 it 作形式主语的句型有：（1）It+be+形容词(obvious明显的,true,natural,surprising,good,w

4、onderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that 从句。如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。（2）It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that 从句。如：Its a pity that we cant go.很遗憾我们不能去。I

5、ts a good thing that we realize the importanceIts no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。（3）It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。如：It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。It is reported that China has sent anot

6、her man-made earth satellite into orbit.据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。宾语从句宾语从句定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：（1）从属连词 that。如：He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。注：that 在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that 不能省略。（2）从属连词 if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。I d

7、ont know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。（3）连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 连接副词 where,when,how,why。如：Who or what he was,Martin never learned.他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。I wonder what hes writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。Ill tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。You may do

8、 what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。表语从句表语从句用作表语的从句叫做表语从句，通常位于连系动词位于连系动词之后，这类的连系动词有：be,look,remain,seem 等(1)从属连词 that。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2)从属连词 whether,as,as if。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。The question is whether they will be able to h

9、elp us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。（3）连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等；（4）连接副词when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系（即被解释说明的词=同位语）同位语从句的先行词先行词多为 fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark，hope，belief，suggestion，tr

10、uth等，1.引导词多用从属连词引导词多用从属连词 that。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.That引导定从时需做成分。对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。2.注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词 whethe

11、r 引导。如：I have no idea whether hell come or not.我不知道他是否来。3.连接代词 who,which,what 和连接副词 where,when,why,how 亦可引导同位语从句。The question who should do the work requires 需要需要consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。It i

12、s a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。同位语从句同位语从句VS定语从句定语从句(1）句法功能上 同位语从句中that 只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。定语从句中that 不仅起连接作用，还在从句中替代先行词充当一个句子成分。但在从句中作宾语时可省略。The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.(同位语从句，that 不可省。)李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news(that)he told me yesterday is tr

13、ue.(定语从句，that 在从句中作 told 的宾语，可省。)I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有(同位语从句，补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言)The mother made a promise that pleased（动词）all her children.妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)（2）意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。（3）同位语从

14、句前面的名词只能是有一定内涵的名词；定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。We should do everything代词代词 that做主语做主语 make ourselves happy.He has passed the college entrance examination,which makes his parents quite happy.(通常情况下，非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是句子的一部分，甚至是整个主句)（4）有些引导词如how，whether，what可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句，如：That question whe

15、ther we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑(同位语从句)I have no idea what has happened to him.我不知道他发生了什么事(同位语从句)小测：1.His sister was married.Thats _he didnt take the final exam.A.why B.what C.that D.because 2.Tell me something about your adventure in the mountain.We lost our way there and _m

16、ade matters worse was_ it began to snow.A.it：that B.it；because C.what；because D.what；that 3.We are delighted at the news_ we are going to Yunnan next week.A.what B.that C.when D.which4.In this company fewer and fewer employees are willing to do_ they are asked to do.A.what B.which C.that D.whether 5

17、.一 Im afraid I have to give it up.Dont be discouraged.Remember _sticks to his work will succeed one day.A.anyone B.who C.whatever D.whoever 6.My parents dont care（动词）_my pocket money goes,but one thing is for sure：the money spent must be worthwhile.A.why B.when C.where D.how 7.It is still doubtful（形

18、容词）_she will play the part.A.whether B.that C.which D.who 8.As far as I see，it is impossible（形容词）（形容词）_he will win the tennis match this time，A.that B.which C.what D.how 9.The idea_ computers can recognize human voices surprises（动词）（动词）many people.A.what B.that C.which D.how 10.I find it necessary（形

19、容词）_ we should do the homework on time.A.that B.what C.whether D.which 11.The companies are working together to create_ they hope will be the best means of transportation in the 21st century A.which B.that C.what D.who 12.The last time we had great fun was _we were visiting the Water Park.A.where B.

20、how C.when D.why 13.Well give the seat to _comes first.A.whoever B.whomever 宾语C.that D.which 14.We cant figure out _quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.A.that B.as C.why D.when 15.You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is_ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how 16

21、.The traditional view is_ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.A.when B.why C.whether D.that 表语从句17.Mary had the strong belief_ someday she could realize her dream.A.that同位语从句 B.what C.which D.us 18._made the school proud was_ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to ke

22、y universities.A.What；because B.What；that C.That；what D.That；because 19.Are you still thinking about yesterday s game?-0h，thats_ A.what makes me feel excited B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 20.Our bad living habits will destroy the earth.Only by changing _

23、we live can we save the earth.A.that B.what C.how D.where 21.I hate it_ Mark talks with his mouth full of food.A.when B.that C.what D.which 22.One of the men held the view that what_the book said was right.A.that what B.what that C.that D.whether 23.Great changes have taken place in that school.It i

24、s no longer _it was 20 years ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that 24._a new teacher will come to teach us English is true.A.Which B.What C.That D.If 25.The other day，my brother drove his car down the street at _I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.whic

25、h C.what D.that 26.Along with the letter was his promise _he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether 27.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever 28.That fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.when 29._we can begin the meeting is still a question.A.that B.which C.when D.what 30.The reason why I was sad was _ he didnt understand me.A.because B.what C.thatD.why