2021年山东中考英语复习练习课件：16-基础知识综合训练.pptx

1、 中考英语 （山东专用） 基础知识综合训练 一、单项选择 1.(2019青岛,1)Lucy, how about going to the ? Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure. A.library B.cinema C.museum D.concert 综合训练（一） 答案答案 A 句意:露西,去图书馆怎么样?听起来很好!读书能给我们很多乐趣。本题考查名词词 义辨析。答语中提到读书的好处,由此可知是提议去图书馆。故选A。library图书馆;cinema电影院;muse- um博物馆;concert音乐会。 2.(20

2、19济南市中一模,44)Ken on his science report when I passed by. Yeah.He always works hard and comes top in our class. A.works B.is working C.was working D.worked 答案答案 C 句意:在我经过的时候,肯恩正在写他的科学报告。是的。他学习一直很努力,在我们 班名列前茅。本题考查动词的时态。主句强调从句动作发生时某人正在做某事,应该用进行时。从句为 一般过去时,故主句应用过去进行时。所以选C。 3.(2019济南长清一模,32)Which show do

3、you prefer,Running Man or The Reader? The Reader,of course. I my sister likes it. A.Both;and B.Neither;nor C.Either;or D.Not only;but also 答案答案 D 句意:你更喜欢哪个节目,奔跑吧兄弟还是朗读者?当然是朗读者。不但 我喜欢,我姐姐也喜欢。本题考查主谓一致。根据句意可知,我和姐姐都喜欢,排除B和C。both.and. 和(两者)都,作主语时谓语动词用复数;not only.but also.不但而且,作主语时,谓语动词的单 复数遵循就近原则。本题谓语动词为

4、likes,故选D。 4.(2018菏泽,21)Red is color loved by most Chinese people because it is symbol of good luck and joy. A.the;the B.the;a C./;a 答案答案 B 句意:红色是被大多数中国人喜欢的颜色,因为它是好运和快乐的一种象征。本题考查冠词的 用法。第一空后color被loved by most Chinese people限定,因此用定冠词。第二空表示泛指,且symbol以辅 音音素开头,故用a,因此选B。 5.(2018潍坊模拟,28)Jim, whats the gre

5、atest advantage of shopping online? I think I spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.cant D.neednt 答案答案 D 句意:吉姆,在网上购物的最大优势是什么?我认为我不用花很多时间去一家商店一家 商店地逛了。本题考查情态动词。shouldnt不应该;mustnt禁止;cant不能,不可能;neednt不需要。根据 题意选D。 6.(2018潍坊,26)The photos that won the first prize in the compe

6、tition will be on the website. A.put away B.put off C.put up D.put on 答案答案 C 句意:在比赛中获得一等奖的照片将被放在网站上。本题考查动词短语辨析。put away放好; put off推迟;put up张贴;put on穿上。故选C项。 7.(2017滨州,35)Our team lost the basketball game and I feel very sad. . I believe you can do better next time. A.Its right B.Its exciting C.Its n

7、ot a big deal D.Its not a good idea 答案答案 C 句意:我们队输了这场篮球赛,我感到很难过。没什么大不了的。我相信你们下次能 做得更好。本题考查情景交际。根据题意选C。 8.(2016东营,33)At the farewell party,Kobe Bryant said,“ the support of my fans,it would be hard for me to achieve such great success.” A.With B.Under C.Through D.Without 答案答案 D 句意:在告别会上,科比 布莱恩特说道:“如果

8、没有我的粉丝们的支持,要取得这么巨大的成功 对我来说就太难了。”本题考查介词词义辨析。with有;under在下面;through从(物体内部)穿过;with- out没有。根据句意可知,答案为D。 9.(2016泰安,25)I will try my best to win in the School Talent Show. If so, all of us will be you. A.proud of B.careful with C.strict with D.worried about 答案答案 A 句意:在学校的才艺表演中,我将尽最大努力获胜。如果是那样的话,我们都将为你感 到骄

9、傲。本题考查形容词短语辨析。be proud of 为感到骄傲;be careful with 小心;be strict with对 严厉;be worried about担心。根据语境可知,空处表示“为感到骄傲”。故选A。 10.(2016临沂,17)Did you call Jenny? Oh no, I forgot. I her right away. A.called B.have called C.call D.will call 答案答案 D 句意:你给珍妮打电话了吗?哦不,我忘了。我马上给她打电话。本题考查一般将来 时。right away 立即,马上。此处表示马上打电话,应用

10、一般将来时。故选D。 二、单句填空 1.(2019烟台,69)Chinese (文化)has influenced the world for thousands of years. 答案答案 culture 句意: 中国文化已经影响了世界数千年。本题考查名词的数。culture在此处为不可数名 词,故用原形。 2.(2019济宁,四,6)Its a (健康的)habit to do some exercise every day. 答案答案 healthy 句意:每天锻炼是一个健康的习惯。本题考查形容词。此处“健康的”作定语修饰名词 habit,故应用形容词的原形。 3.(2019泰安,60

11、)We all agree that the driver who drives after drinking alchohol(酒)should be p . 答案答案 punished/prevented 句意:我们都同意酒后驾车的司机应该受到惩罚/被阻止。本题考查过去分 词。“be+过去分词”构成被动语态,根据句意可知酒后驾车应该被惩罚或者被阻止,故填punished/pre- vented。 4.(2019烟台,58)And the ability to finish a story gives you more time (understand)it. 答案答案 to underst

12、and 句意:读完一个故事的能力让你有更多的时间去理解它。本题考查动词不定式。 give sb. some time to do sth.意为“给某人一些时间去做某事”。 5.(2018泰安,53)Its d for people to use the mobile phone while crossing the street. 答案答案 dangerous 句意:人们穿过街道时用手机很危险。根据句意和首字母可知填dangerous。 6.(2017日照,68)A new shopping center will be built (对面)the city hall. 答案答案 across

13、/opposite 句意:在市政厅对面将建一个新的购物中心。本题考查介词。介词across和oppo- site都可以表示“在对面”。 7.(2016聊城,74)It took us /nli/ two hours to get there. 答案答案 nearly 根据音标和句意可知答案。 8.(2016济宁,五,6)Do you need to (讨论)the problem in groups? 答案答案 discuss 句意:你们需要以小组为单位来讨论这个问题吗?need to do sth.需要做某事,故此处应该使 用动词原形discuss。 三、语篇填空 (2016聊城,五) 阅读

14、下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 Chelsea Fearce is seventeen years old. There are five 1 (member) in her family. They are poor and they live in a shelter(收容所).“Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was not easy for 2 (I),” Fearce said.“I m worried 3 (介词) my family and my home life. I know I

15、 have to become stronger, 4 (连词) I study hard.” When she was in high school, Fearce often 5 (stay) up late. She wanted to have a 6 (good) life than be- fore. She just told herself to keep 7 (work). Fearce overcame(克服) all the 8 (difficulty). She got high grades and she became a college student.“Nev-

16、 er 9 (give) up! Do what you have to do right now so that you can have 10 (冠词) future that you want,”Fearce told everyone. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案答案 语篇解读 Fearce十七岁了,她和她的家人住在收容所,她知道她得通过努力学习变得强大,而且她从未放弃。后来她 考上了大学。 1.members member成员,为可数名词。前面有数词five修饰,应用复数形式。 2.me 介词后面用宾格。 3.about be worried

17、about 担心。 4.so/and 想变得强大所以努力学习。 5.stayed 从句的be动词用了过去式,所以stay也用过去式。 6.better than是比较级的标志,所以此处应用形容词的比较级形式。 7.working keep doing sth.一直做某事。 8.difficulties difficulty作“难事,难题”讲时一般用复数。 9.give 本句是祈使句,所以用动词原形。 10.the 你想要的未来是特指,所以用the。 综合训练(二) 一、单项选择 1.(2019滨州邹平青阳中学四模,32)Mr.Wang, must I come again to clean t

18、he classroom on Sunday? No,you .I have asked Kate to do it. A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.shouldnt 答案答案 C 句意:王老师,星期天我必须再来打扫教室吗?不,不必。我已经叫凯特去做了。本题考 查情态动词。以must开头的一般疑问句,其否定回答用neednt或dont have to,表示“不必”。故选C。 2.(2019济南历城一模,44)How long has Mr.Brown ? Since two years ago. A.come to Jinan B.left Jinan C.starte

19、d this job D.stayed in this school 答案答案 D 句意:布朗先生在这所学校待了多久了?自从两年前(就在这)。本题考查动词的时 态。现在完成时的结构:have/has+过去分词,句中的助动词为has ,提示使用现在完成时。按照动词形式来 说,四个选项都是过去分词。但是,在表示一个动作持续一段时间的时候,必须使用延续性动词。选项中只 有stay为延续性动词,故选D。 3.(2019临沂平邑一中一模,26)My sister prefers at home rather than with others. A.stay;hang B.stay;hanging C.t

20、o stay;hang 答案答案 C 句意:我姐姐更喜欢待在家里而不愿和其他人待在一起。本题考查非谓语动词。固定句式pre- fer to do sth.rather than do sth.更喜欢做某事而不愿做某事,故选C。 4.(2018菏泽,28)When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help . A.lately B.widely C.politely 答案答案 C 句意:当你在外国游览的时候,了解如何有礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。本题考查副词词义辨 析。lately近来;wide

21、ly广泛地;politely 有礼貌地。根据题意选C。 5.(2018胜利教育二模,17) do you think of the documentary National Treasure on CCTV? Full of knowledge and interesting. A.Who B.What C.Which D.Where 答案答案 B 句意:你觉得中央电视台的纪录片国家宝藏怎么样?富含知识而且有趣。本题考 查特殊疑问句。What do you think of.?你认为怎么样?根据句意选B。 6.(2017东营,35)Can you tell me ? It will be bu

22、ilt to help work out big city problems in Beijing. A.if Xiongan New Area will be built B.when we will build Xiongan New Area C.why Xiongan New Area will be built D.what will happen to the people in Xiongan New Area 答案答案 C 句意:你能告诉我为什么要建雄安新区吗?建它是为了帮助解决北京的“大城市 病”。本题考查宾语从句。A.雄安新区是否将被建立;B.我们什么时候建立雄安新区;C.

23、为什么雄安新区 将被建立;D.雄安新区的人们将发生什么事。根据答语可知问的是原因,故选C。 解题思路解题思路 根据题目可知此题为宾语从句,做此类题目时,可先根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则 对答案进行排除,再根据答语的意思选择相应的答案。 7.(2017德州,27)Did you enjoy in Chengdu last week? Yes, I had great fun there. A.myself B.yourself C.ourselves D.themselves 答案答案 B 句意:上周你在成都玩得愉快吗?是的,我在那里玩得很愉快。本题考查反身代词。en- joy ones

24、elf=have a great time, 意为“玩得愉快”。由题干中you可知用yourself,故选B。 8.(2016泰安,24)Mum, the beautiful card I made last night is just for your birthday. Oh, thank you, my dear! A.forty B.fourteen C.fortieth D.fourth 答案答案 C 句意:妈妈,为了您的四十岁生日,昨晚我做了这张漂亮的卡片。哦,谢谢你,亲爱的!本 题考查数词的用法。forty 四十;fourteen 十四;fortieth 第四十;fourth 第

25、四。根据选项和空后的birthday及前 面的Mum可知选C。 9.(2016青岛,14)William Shakespeare for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A.died B.was dying C.has died D.has been dead 答案答案 D 句意:威廉 莎士比亚已经逝世400年了,但现在他的作品仍然有很大的影响力。本题考查动词 时态。由题干中的for 400 years可知应用现在完成时,且用延续性动词,排除A、B两项,C项中动词die是非 延续性动词,故答案为D项。 评析评

26、析 本类题是中考的重点和难点。考生需要对现在完成时有全面的掌握才能答对。考查内容:(1)现在 完成时结构:have/has+动词过去分词;(2)for/since前用现在完成时且动词用延续性动词;(3)非延续性动词与 延续性动词的转换。 10.(2016泰安,31)More chances for students to learn from each other if working in groups. A.provide B.are provided C.provided D.will provide 答案答案 B 句意:如果学生们分小组学习,那会为他们的互相学习提供更多的机会。本题考查

27、一般现在时 的被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主语More chances与动词provide之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。故 选B。 知识拓展知识拓展 provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物。 二、单句填空 1.(2019青岛,50)Keeping English (日记)is a good way to improve English. 答案答案 diaries 日记“diary”为可数名词,本题设空前没有冠词,应用复数形式,故填diaries。 2.(2019济南天桥一模,99)我爷爷习惯每天浏览报纸,了解国内外大事。 My gra

28、ndpa is used to the newspaper every day to know what is going on at home and abroad. 答案答案 looking through 本题考查动名词。look through浏览, be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事,故填look- ing through。 3. (2019济宁鱼台一模,四,2)My parents havent been a else except Jining. Neither have my parents. 答案答案 anywhere 句意:我父母除了济宁没有去过其他任

29、何地方。我父母也是。本题考查不定 代词。济宁是地名,根据语境及空后的else判断,此处应填表示地点的词。否定句中使用anywhere。 4.(2019烟台龙口五中九下期中,74)你最好是勇敢面对挑战而不是逃避。 Youd better face challenges bravely instead of from them. 答案答案 running away 本题考查动名词。of为介词,后面跟动名词作宾语,故填running away。 5.(2019曲阜九上期末,四,1)W volleyball is that? Its Janets. 答案答案 Whose 句意:那是谁的排球?是珍妮特的

30、。本题考查疑问代词。根据答句可知,此处是问 “谁的”,应填Whose。 6.(2018烟台,63)Town Cinema has (comfort)seats than Guangming Cinema. 答案答案 more comfortable 句意:小镇电影院的座位比光明电影院的舒服。本题考查形容词的比较级。设 空处作定语修饰后面的名词seats,应该用形容词。后面than一词表明是在进行比较,故用比较级。 7.(2018临沂,64)An American father made pretty dresses for his daughter out of his (wife) old

31、shirts. 答案答案 wifes 句意:一位美国父亲用他妻子的旧衬衫为他的女儿做出了漂亮的衣服。本题考查名词所有 格。根据上下文判断,妻子和旧衣服之间是所属关系,故用名词所有格,表示“妻子的”。 8.(2017枣庄,65)My life has (变化) a lot in the past few years. 答案答案 changed 句意:在过去的几年里,我的生活发生了很大变化。本题考查时态。in the past few years 表示“在过去的几年里”,应与现在完成时搭配。故填changed。 9.(2017滨州,78)If the temperature drops (低于)

32、zero degree, water will turn into ice. 答案答案 below 句意:如果温度降到零度以下,水将会变成冰。本题考查介词。below表示“低于”。 10.(2016潍坊,五,12)This (mean) that no new genes have been put into them. 答案答案 means 句意:这意味着没有新的基因被植入其中。本题考查主谓一致。从后面的have been put in- to判断句子为一般现在时。主语This为第三人称单数,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 三、语篇填空 (2019滨州博兴三模,六) 阅读下面的短文,用括号内

33、所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Are you happy most of the time?Or do you (1) (easy)get angry sometimes? Everyone has a different temperament(性格).Usually it(2) (believe)that both genes(基因)and environment may influence peoples temperaments in different ways.Scientists(3) (find) that the season of the birth

34、also plays a role. (4) (science)from Budapest, Hungary,studied 400 university students.In the study,the students needed to finish some questions(5) (know)which of four kinds of temperaments they most had. From the questions, scientists found that the students always answered something like“My mood(情

35、绪)often changes for no rea- son.”and “I love to deal with new projects, even if it is risky or (6) (danger).”These answers were then connected with their birthdays. They discovered that people born in summer easily change between sadness and (7) (happy)compared to people born in winter. Those who al

36、ways feel positive are mostly born in spring or summer. The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of depression which may easily drive them to cry, while those in winter were not (8) (easy)to be angry. Scientists said that this was probably because the (9) (season)had a

37、n influence on certain chemicals in the human body.And the chemicals are important to control peoples moods even in adult life.“It seems that when you are born may increase(增加)or decrease(减少)your chance of (10) (develop) certain mood dis- orders,”scientist Xenia Gonda told The Daily Telegraph. 答案答案

38、语篇解读 基因和环境都可能以不同的方式影响人们的情绪。科学家经过研究发现,出生的季节也会对人的性格产 生影响。 1.easily 句意:或者你有时候容易生气吗?修饰动词要用副词。 2.is believed 句意:通常,人们认为,基因和环境都可能以不同的方式影响人们的性格。it is believed that. 为固定结构,意为“人们认为”。 3.have found 句意:科学家发现出生的季节也发挥着作用。此处强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响,故用 现在完成时。 4.Scientists 句意:来自匈牙利布达佩斯的科学家们研究了400名大学生。设空处作主语,结合上下文内容 可知,此处指科学家们。 5.to know 不定式to know作目的状语。 6.dangerous or为并列连词,前面用形容词risky,这里也应用形容词。 7.happiness 句意:他们发现,与冬天出生的人相比,夏天出生的人容易在悲伤和幸福之间转换。and为并列 连词,前面用名词,这里也应用名词。 8.easier 结合语义及前面出现的less可知,此处用比较级easier。 9.seasons 句意:科学家们说这可能是因为季节对人体内某些化学物质有影响。四个季节都有影响,故用 复数。 10.developing of为介词,其后接动名词作宾语。