2021年河南中考英语复习练习课件：08专题八动词的时态和语态.pptx

1、 中考英语 （河南专用） 第一部分 基础知识运用 专题八 动词的时态和语态 考点一 动词的时态 考点集训 1.(2020安徽改编,27)The air here is much fresher than before. Exactly! We (plant)a lot of trees in the past few years. 答案答案 have planted 句意:这里的空气比以前新鲜多了。正是如此!在过去几年里,我们已经种了 许多树。本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语in the past few years可知,本句中的谓语动词应该使用现在完 成时。 2.(2020浙江温州改编,8)H

2、ave scientists found life on Mars? Not yet, but I think they (find) it some day. 答案答案 will find 句意:科学家们已经在火星上发现生命了吗?还没有,但我想他们总有一天会发 现的。本题考查动词时态。根据句意和关键词some day可知应该使用一般将来时。 3.(2016河南,33)Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you it. A.climb B.climbed C.a

3、re climbing D.have climbed 答案答案 C 句意:每个人都想到达山顶,但是所有的快乐都发生在你正在登山的时候。本题考查动词的现 在进行时。由while引导的时间状语从句通常使用现在进行时或过去进行时可知答案。 审题技巧审题技巧 这种考查现在进行时的方式是一种趋势,过去那种以look、listen或now为线索词的考查方式已 不多见,这就要求考生正确理解上下文的语境暗示。 4.(2015河南,31)Did you watch the football match on TV last night? I wanted to, but my mother her favour

4、ite TV programme. A.watches B.watched C.was watching D.had watched 答案答案 C 句意:昨晚你在电视上看足球比赛了吗?我想看,但是我妈妈一直在看她最喜欢的电视 节目。本题考查动词的时态。由语境可知此处应用过去进行时。 5.Jim has never (be) to Mount Tai in China. 答案答案 been 本题考查时态。由空前的has never可知本句应用现在完成时。根据现在完成时的结构have/ has+done可知填been。 6.In the playground, I threw the ball t

5、o her and she (catch)it. 答案答案 caught 句意:在操场上,我把球扔给她,她接住了球。本题考查时态。根据前文的threw及语境可知 应用一般过去时,故此处应填caught。 7.She looked at me and said,“Oh, thank you very much, but someone (give) me food earlier and Im quite full now.” 答案答案 has given 根据后文“我现在很饱了”可知,已经有人给过“我”食物了,所以用现在完成时,故填 has given。 8.Her father (drop)

6、her off at the school gate and then drove to work. 答案答案 dropped 句意:她父亲把她放在校门口然后开车去上班了。and连接设空处和drove,故设空处用过 去式,故填dropped。 9.Look!The Smiths (eat) dinner in the dining room. 答案答案 are eating 句意:看!史密斯一家人正在餐厅里吃饭。本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中 的Look!可知,此处用现在进行时;The Smiths表示复数概念,意为“史密斯一家人”,故本空填are eating。 10.I (forg

7、et) to turn off the light when I left my room yesterday. 答案答案 forgot 句意:昨天我离开我的房间时忘了关灯。本题考查动词的时态。根据yesterday可知,该句应 用一般过去时,故此处应填forget的过去式forgot。 12.Two hours later, when Davids mother got back, he (play)games with John. 答案答案 was playing 句意:两个小时后,当David的妈妈回来的时候,他正在和John玩游戏。本题考查动词的 时态。when引导的时间状语从句为一般

8、过去时,再结合句意可知,设空处应为过去进行时。 11.She (study) English in the school since she left her hometown. 答案答案 has studied 句意:她自从离开她的家乡就在学校学习英语。由现在完成时的标志词since可知,主 句时态为现在完成时。 考点二 被动语态 1.(2020重庆改编,27)Another bridge over the Jialing River (build)last year. 答案答案 was built 句意:去年嘉陵江上又修建了一座桥。本题考查动词的语态和时态。Bridge作主语,和 buil

9、d存在被动关系,再结合句中的时间状语last year可知,此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。 2.(2020江苏连云港改编,8)In Miss Lins class, many chances (offer) to students to learn from each other. 答案答案 are offered 句意:在林老师的课上,很多机会被给予学生来互相学习。本题考查被动语态。根据语 境可知,机会是被提供给学生的,所以应该使用被动语态。 3.(2017河南,29)Why are you leaving your job? I cant stand it any longer. I a

10、lways to work overtime. A.am;asking B.am;asked C.was;asking D.was;asked 答案答案 B 句意:你为什么要辞职?我再也不能忍受它了。我总是被要求加班。本题考查动词的 语态和时态。“被要求加班”应用被动语态,此处谈论的是现在经常发生的事,故用一般现在时的被动语 态。 4.(2016河南,31)We are going to take the high-speed train to Xian tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station . A.advises B.is advised

11、C.is advising D.was advised 答案答案 B 句意:我们明天将乘坐高铁去西安,所以建议大家早点到车站。本题考查动词的时态和语态。 根据语境可知,设空处用一般现在时的被动语态,故选B项。 5.A new airport will be (build)in Antarctica(南极洲). 答案答案 built 本题考查被动语态。空前的主语A new airport和动词build之间存在被动关系。根据一般将 来时的被动语态的结构will be done可知,此处应填build的过去分词形式built。 6.The new bridge has been (complete

12、)and ready for use. 答案答案 completed 本题考查现在完成时的被动语态。被动语态的结构为be+done(动词的过去分词)。 complete是以不发音的字母-e结尾的单词,所以其过去分词直接在词尾加-d。 7.He (invite) to have a business meeting. I knew that my father would surely come to my show if he could. 答案答案 was invited 句意:我的父亲被邀请去参加一个商业会议。我知道他如果能参加我的演出的话,他 一定会来。本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据

13、语境及后文的knew可知填was invited。 8.Teenagers should be (allow) to make their own decisions. 答案答案 allowed 句意:青少年应该被允许自己做决定。本题考查被动语态。teenagers与动词allow之间为 被动关系,故用其过去分词形式,故填allowed。 9.Nostalgia (write)by the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong. 答案答案 was written 句意:乡愁是中国著名诗人余光中写的。Nostalgia和动词write之间是被动关系, 且动作发生在过

14、去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。 10.Mark was the only student that was (choose)to attend the meeting. 答案答案 chosen 句意:马克是唯一一名被选去参加会议的学生。此处表示被动,故用过去分词,故填cho- sen。 11.Qian Xuesen (consider) as “the Father of Chinese Rocketry”. 答案答案 is considered 设空处与主语Qian Xuesen是被动关系,且说的是一种事实,因此使用一般现在时的被 动语态。 12.Libraries or reading c

15、orners (build) in Hope Primary Schools along the way of Long March in a few years. 答案答案 will be built in a few years几年后,为表示将来的时间状语;libraries和reading corners与build之间为 被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。 一、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空 rain eat win read be 1.Pass the raincoat to me, please. It hard now. Here you are. 答案答案 is ra

16、ining 句意:请把雨衣递给我,现在雨下得很大。给你。本题考查动词的时态。由时 间状语now可知应用现在进行时。rain hard雨下得很大。 2.I have scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. 答案答案 been 句意:自从我五岁时一只狗弄伤我以后我一直害怕狗。本题考查动词时态。be scared of害 怕,又根据句意及ever since可知,应用现在完成时,故设空处为been。 3.Grace this game every time we play. 答案答案 wins 句意:每次我

17、们玩这个游戏Grace都会赢。本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中的every time we play可知应用一般现在时,故答案为wins。 4.Do you have any plans for tonight? Yes,I at the new Italian restaurant in town. 答案答案 am going to eat 句意:你今晚有什么计划吗?是的,我打算去镇上新开的那家意式饭店吃 饭。本题考查动词时态。根据句意和关键词plans for tonight,可知此处表示“打算做某事”,故应用be go- ing to do sth.,故填am going to eat。

18、5.I the book Little Women, but Ill let you read it first. 答案答案 havent read 句意:我还没读过小妇人这本书,但我会让你先读。本题考查动词的时态。根据 句意可以判断用现在完成时的否定式。 6.She said the program for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture. 答案答案 was designed 句意:她说设计这个项目是为了让一些更聪明的青少年体验一种不同的文化。本题 考查动词的语态和时态。设空处的动词与其主语th

19、e program之间是被动关系,又根据主句中的said可知应 用一般过去时的被动语态。 7.Over $30,000 for a childrens hospital by a British girl several months ago. 答案答案 was raised 句意:几个月前一个英国女孩为一家儿童医院筹集了3万多美元。本题考查一般过去时 的被动语态。根据several months ago可知应用一般过去时,又因为本句的主语与raise之间为被动关系,故 用一般过去时的被动语态。 8.How clean your car is! Thank you. It very often

20、. 答案答案 is washed 句意:你的汽车多干净啊!谢谢你。它常常被清洗。本题考查时态和语态。it 指car,动词wash和it之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,由very often可知应用一般现在时。 9.Because it every day,the window is very clean. 答案答案 is cleaned 句意:因为每天被擦,所以窗户非常干净。本题考查动词的时态与语态。主语it指the window,与clean之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。再根据every day及is可知应用一般现在时的被动语 态。 10.I wonder when the subway .

21、 When the day comes,Ill spend less time going to school every day. 答案答案 will be finished 句意:我想知道地铁什么时候将被完成。到那时,我每天去上学用的时间将会较少 一些。考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知,该句用一般将来时的被动语态。 chat be draw use see 11.In the near future, there self-driving cars in our city. 答案答案 will be 句意:在不久的将来,我们的城市将会有无人驾驶汽车。本题考查there be句型的一般将来

22、时。in the near future为一般将来时的标志,故填will be。 12.This picture by my cousin last year. 答案答案 was drawn 句意:这幅画是我表哥去年画的。draw a picture画画。主语this picture与draw之间存在 被动关系,又因为时间状语为last year,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。由空后的by 也可知用被动语态。 14.Tim told us that his company robots to do some of the work in the future. 答案答案 would use 句意

23、:Tim告诉我们未来他的公司将会使用机器人来做一些工作。本题考查动词的时 态。根据主句中的told可知此空应用相应的过去时,再结合句意可知填would use。 15.Just go down this road and you the library next to the bank. 答案答案 will see 句意:沿着这条路走,你将看到挨着银行的图书馆。本题考查动词的时态。此处为“祈使 句+and+主语+will do.”结构, 结合句意可知填will see。 13.Some exchange students with their host families this time y

24、esterday. 答案答案 were chatting 句意:一些交换生在昨天的这个时候正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。chat with sb.与某 人聊天。由时间状语this time yesterday可知应用过去进行时。 二、语篇填空 Tom looked at the ticket. He could not believe that he had it. Everyone looked forward to watching the match! “ I must watch the match,” he thought. “ I must. I 1 expected the big

25、match for 4 years.” Tom thought and thought. He 2 (can) put his heart into any work. Then at twelve oclock he knew what to do. He went out of the office and called his sister, Jane.At one oclock Mr Bates came up to him. “I have bad news for you, Tom. Your sister telephoned just now. Your mother 3 (s

26、end) to hospital a moment ago.” “Thank you,” Tom said. “I will go to the hospital. I 4 come back as soon as possible.” In fact, Tom 5 (leave) the office quickly for the football ground. Toms ticket was a good one. He could stand near the front. The next morning, when Tom got to the office, Mr Bates

27、came up to him. “Youre fired(解雇), Tom.” Then he walked away angrily. “But why?” Tom asked. Then a girl said, “We saw the match on TV here yesterday! You were on TV! Tom, you had such a good ticket!” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案答案 语篇解读语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了汤姆得到一张足球票,撒谎请假去看比赛而被解雇的故事。 1.have 根据关键信息for 4 years可知此处应该使用现在完成时, 故填have。 2.couldnt 根据语境可知他无法投入工作。put ones heart into.全心全意投入。 3.was sent 此处表示“你妈妈刚才被送进医院了”,因此应该使用一般过去时的被动语态。 4.will 根据关键词 as soon as possible可知此处应该使用一般将来时,故填will。 5.left 根据通篇时态可知此处应该使用一般过去时。