2021年河北中考英语复习练习课件：10专题十　非谓语动词.pptx

1、 中考英语 （河北专用） 专题十 非谓语动词 A组 河北中考题组 1.(2018河北,82)on time, to, remember, arrive . 答案答案 Remember to arrive on time 句意:记得按时到达。本题为祈使句。remember to do sth.记得做某 事。 2.(2017河北,84)helps, a, good, you, education, succeed . 答案答案 A good education helps you succeed 句意:好的教育帮助你成功。本题使用了“主语+谓语+宾语+ 宾语补足语”的基本句型。help sb. d

2、o sth.帮助某人做某事。 3.(2014河北,33)Dont forget thanks when other people help you. A.accept B.to accept C.say D.to say 答案答案 D 句意:当别人帮助你的时候别忘记说谢谢。本题考查动词不定式。forget to do sth.忘记做某事 (还没做),又根据句意可知答案为D项。 4.(2013河北,39)The children decide their schoolyard this Friday afternoon. A.clean B.to clean C.cleaning D.clean

3、ed 答案答案 B 句意:孩子们决定本周五下午打扫他们的校园。由动词短语decide to do sth.可知设空处应为动 词不定式,故答案为B。 5.(2012河北,37) a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer. A.To find B.Find C.To write D.Write 答案答案 A 句意:为了在图书馆查找一本书,在电脑里输入一个关键词。本题考查非谓语动词。不定式短 语表目的,故答案为A。 6.(2011河北,32)Whenever you have a chance English, you sho

4、uld take it. A.speak B.to speak C.spoke D.speaks 答案答案 B 句意:每当你有机会说英语,你应该抓住它。动词不定式短语to speak English在本句中作定语, 故选B项。 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 1.(2020重庆,26)They hope the basketball match. A.win B.won C.to win D.winning 答案答案 C 句意:他们希望能赢那场篮球比赛。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 hope to do sth.希望做某事, to do 作hope 的宾语。故选C。 2.(2020新疆,2

5、8)Why dont the doctors stop lunch? Because they are busy a patient. A.to have;to save B.having;saving C.to have;saving D.having;to save 答案答案 C 句意:为什么医生们不停下来去吃午饭呢?因为他们忙着救治一个病人。本题考查非 谓语动词。由答语可知这些医生正在忙着抢救病人,故第一空应指“停下来去吃午饭”,stop to do sth.表 示“停止来去做某事”,由此可知本题选择A或C选项。固定短语be busy doing sth. 意为“忙着做某事”, 故本题选

6、择C。 易混辨析易混辨析 本题中stop to do sth.和stop doing sth.比较容易混淆。stop to do sth.表示“停下(正做的事情)去 做另一件事情”,而stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”。 3.(2020山东青岛,6)Teachers expect all their students progress day by day. A.to make B.make C.to take D.take 答案答案 A 句意:老师们期望他们所有的学生一天一天地取得进步。本题考查动词不定式及习惯表达。固 定搭配expect sb. to do sth.意为

7、“期望某人做某事”,取得进步用make progress来表达,故选A。 4.(2019天津,30)The government is setting up nature parks protect pandas. A.to help B.help C.helped D.helps 答案答案 A 句意:政府正在设立自然公园来保护熊猫。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。由句意可知本空应用 动词不定式作目的状语,故本题选择A。 5.(2019河南,27)Do you always get up so early? Yes, the first bus. My home is far away from s

8、chool. A.catch B.to catch C.catching D.caught 答案答案 B 句意:你总是这么早就起床吗?是的,为了赶上首班公共汽车。我家距离学校很远。本 题考查动词不定式作目的状语。设空处所在句子为省略句,补全后为:Yes, I always get up so early the first bus.由此可看出设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故答案为B项。 6.(2019江苏苏州,2)Please stay with me this weekend. Im sorry, but my father and I planned Beijing a long ti

9、me ago. A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited 答案答案 C 句意:这周末请和我待在一起。我很抱歉,我和我父亲很久前就计划去北京了。本题 考查非谓语动词。plan后用动词不定式作宾语,plan to do sth.计划做某事。故选C项。 7.(2019甘肃兰州,36)We are supposed some housework with our parents when we have free time. A.to share B.sharing C.shared D.share 答案答案 A 句意:当我们有空的时候,我们应该和父母分担一些家务

10、。本题考查非谓语动词。be supposed to do sth.应该做某事,故选A。 8.(2018云南,33)Our parents wont allow us in the river alone. A.swim B.to swim C.swimming D.swam 答案答案 B 句意:我们的父母将不会允许我们独自去河里游泳。本题考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事,是固定搭配,故选B项。 知识拓展知识拓展 可以构成类似结构的词组还有:encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事;want sb. to do sth.想 让某人去

11、做某事;help sb. to do sth.帮助某人去做某事;ask sb. to do sth.要求某人去做某事;teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事;tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事;advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事;invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人去做某事。 9.(2018吉林长春,21)I go to my grandparents home with their housework every Sunday. A.help B.helped C.to help D.helping 答案答案 C 句

12、意:我每个星期日都去我祖父母家帮助他们做家务。本题考查非谓语动词。由谓语“go”可 知,后面用动词“help”的动词不定式作目的状语,故选C。 10.(2017重庆,25)Do you have any plans for the coming vacation? Sure. We decide Sansha in July. A.visit B.visiting C.visited D.to visit 答案答案 D 句意:对即将到来的假期你们有什么计划吗?当然有。我们决定七月参观三沙。本题 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.决定做某事,故选D项。 11.(2017吉林长春,

13、21) Chinese culture, many college students go to foreign countries every year. A.Spreading B.To spread C.Spreads D.Spread 答案答案 B 句意:为弘扬中国文化,每年许多大学生去外国。考查非谓语动词。表示目的应该用不定式,故 选B。 12.(2017云南昆明,25)Nowadays, its convenient and cheap for us a shared-bicycle. A.ride B.to ride C.flying D.to fly 答案答案 B 句意:现在,

14、对我们来说骑共享单车既方便又便宜。本题考查固定句型“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”。根据题干中的“a shared-bicycle”可知是骑车而非飞行。故正确答案是B。 13.(2017内蒙古包头,30)Why did you buy so many flowers? my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with me. A.Please B.To please C.Pleasing D.Be pleased 答案答案 B 句意:你为什么买这么多花?为了取悦我的妻子。昨天我做错了

15、事,她还在生我的气 呢。本题考查非谓语动词。答语为省略回答,其完整回答为I bought so many flowers to please my wife.句 中to please 为动词不定式表示目的。故选B。 14.(2017上海,40)The workers are busy windows to the new building these days. A.fix B.fixed C.fixing D.to fix 答案答案 C 句意:这些天来这些工人正忙着给这栋新大楼安装窗户。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。固定短 语be busy doing sth.意为“忙着做某事”,故本题选择C。

16、 15.(2016宁夏,25)He is not old enough to school. A.gone B.going C.went D.to go 答案答案 D 句意:他还没到入学年龄。本题考查非谓语动词。be.enough to do.意为“足够去做 ”,故选D。 C组 教师专用题组 1.(2019贵州贵阳,36)To live a low-carbon life, we must remember the lights when we leave the room. A.to turn off B.turning off C.not to turn off 答案答案 A 句意:为了过

17、低碳生活,我们必须记得要在离开房间的时候关灯。此题考查固定结构用法。re- member to do sth.记得要做某事,remember doing sth.记得做过某事,remember not to do sth.记得不要做某事, 根据前文“为了过低碳生活”可以判断出,后文是提出的倡议,应该是“记得要关灯”,因此选A。 2.(2018广东,42)After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world. A.build B.not build C.t

18、o build D.not to build 答案答案 C 句意:长年战争过后,很多叙利亚人变得无家可归。我认为建设一个和平的世界很重要。本题 考查非谓语动词。根据think+it+adj.+to do sth.结构可知此处要用不定式作think的真正的宾语,故答案为C项。 3.(2016四川南充,32)My parents dont allow me late. A.stay up B.to stay up C.stays up D.staying up 答案答案 B 句意:我的父母不允许我熬夜。本题考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。 4.(2016吉林

19、,36)Joining a summer camp is a great chance free time with your friends. A.spend B.spending C.to spend 答案答案 C 句意:参加夏令营是和你的朋友们一起度过空闲时光的好机会。本题考查非谓语动词。a chance to do sth.意为“一个做某事的机会”,故选择C。 5.(2016山东青岛,8)We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest? A.have B.to having C.having D.to have 答案答案 D 句意:我们已经工作

20、了那么长时间了。我们停下来休息一下可以吗?本题考查动词不定式。 stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情,stop to do sth.停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。根据句意可知是停止工 作去休息,故答案为D项。 6.(2016新疆乌鲁木齐,30)What would you like to do to relax yourself? I prefer basketball rather than magazines. A.playing;reading B.to play;to read C.play;read D.to play;read 答案答案 D 句意:你喜欢做什么来放松你自己

21、?我宁愿打篮球而不愿意看杂志。本题考查固定搭 配。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事。故答案为D项。 7.(2016天津,29)I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. A.took B.takes C.to take D.taking 答案答案 C 本题考查动词的用法。offer后接不定式,表示“主动提出做某事”,故选C项。 1.(2019唐山丰润上学期期末,34)It is important people good

22、 manners. A.of;to learn B.for;learn C.of;learn D.for;to learn 答案答案 D 句意:对于人们来说学习好的礼仪很重要。本题为“It is+adj.+for sb.+ to do sth.”的固定句型, 由此可知本题选择D。 误区警示误区警示 本题易错选A。注意只有当形容词描述人的品质、特征等的时候,才会用of。如:Its very nice of you to help me with my English.你帮我学英语真是太好了。 2.(2019唐山路北一模,30)What can we do the environment? A.p

23、rotecting B.protected C.to protect D.protects 答案答案 C 句意:我们能做些什么来保护环境?本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知本空应用动词 不定式作目的状语,故本题选择C。 3.(2019唐山南堡开发区实验中学上学期期末,42)I spend much time after the flowers in the garden. A.look B.to look C.looking D.looked 答案答案 C 句意:我花费很多时间照看花园里的花。本题考查非谓语动词。此处为spend.doing.结构,由 此可知本题选择C。 4.(2019唐山

24、路南上学期期末,26)She often makes her little brother , but she was made by him today. A.cry;to cry B.to cry;cry C.cry;cry D.to cry;to cry 答案答案 A 句意:她经常使她的弟弟哭,但是她今天被她的弟弟弄哭了。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。固 定短语make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”,其被动形式为“sb. be made to do sth.”,由此可知本题选择A。 5.(2018唐山滦南一模,32)More and more young people are

25、trying to do something the old. A.served B.to serve C.serve D.serves 答案答案 B 句意:越来越多的年轻人正在努力做点事情来为老人服务。本题考查非谓语动词。此处表示目 的,用动词不定式,故本题选择B。 6.(2018衡水名校试题,32)Why dont you go out to play, Mary? Im afraid I cant. I have much homework . A.do B.does C.doing D.to do 答案答案 D 句意:玛丽,你为什么不出去玩呢?恐怕不行。我有很多作业要做。本题考查不定式

26、作 后置定语的用法,故选择D。 7.(2018中考押题卷一,32)Daves granddaughter, a six-year-old girl, asked him smoking. A.give up B.gave up C.to give up D.giving up 答案答案 C 句意:戴夫的孙女,一个六岁的女孩,让他戒烟。本题考查非谓语动词。固定短语ask sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,故本题选择C。 1.(2020 5 3 原创)David spent every minute he could spare on books a key school. A.e

27、ntering B.entered C.to enter D.enter 答案答案 C 句意:为了进入重点学校,David把他能省出来的每一分钟都花在了读书上。本题中to enter a key school 作目的状语,意为“为了进入重点学校”。 误区警示误区警示 如果句子结构分析不到位,盲目套用“spend.doing sth.”结构,易错选A选项。故审题时要注 意两点:仔细分析句子结构,注意到本题使用了“spend.on.”结构;准确翻译句子。 方法技巧方法技巧 to do sth.作目的状语时可以前置,如题干可以改写为: a key school, David spent every

28、minute he could spare on books.改写后我们发现答案一目了然。 2.(2020 5 3 原创)It took my little brother two hours reading this interesting story. A.to finish B.finished C.finishing D.finish 答案答案 A 句意:我弟弟花费了两个小时读完了这个有趣的故事。固定句型It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”,故本题应选A。 3.(2020 5 3 原创)I often hear he

29、r the piano in the next room after supper. A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays 答案答案 A 句意:我经常听到她晚饭后在隔壁弹钢琴。本题考查hear后加省略to的不定式的用法。hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人正在做某事”;hear sb. do sth.意为“听到某人做某事(指全过程或经常发生)”。 由题干中的often可知本题选择A。 4.(2020 5 3 原创)Mr.Green told his son the basketball match because of the coming ex

30、am. A.to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.not to watch 答案答案 D 句意:由于即将到来的考试,格林先生告诉他儿子不要看这场篮球赛。固定短语tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”,结合句意可知本题选择D。 5.(2019广东,36)Young people are encouraged to work hard their own dreams. A.achieve B.achieves C.to achieve D.achieved 答案答案 C 句意:年轻人被鼓励努力工作来实现他们自己的梦想。

31、本题考查非谓语动词。设空处是动词不 定式作目的状语,故本题选C。 6.(2018天津,32)Harry invited me with him when his parents were out of town. A.stay B.stayed C.staying D.to stay 答案答案 D 句意:Harry邀请我当他父母出城的时候和他一起住。此题考查动词invite的用法。invite sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“邀请某人做某事”。 7.(2018唐山第四十九中学结课验收,31) energy, turn off the hot water after you tak

32、e a shower. A.Save B.Saving C.Saved D.To save 答案答案 D 句意:为了节省能源,洗淋浴后要关掉热水。根据句意可知,本空表示目的,用动词不定式,故选择D。 8.(2017上海,39)Vivian refuses her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes. A.to send B.sending C.sent D.sends 答案答案 A 句意: Vivian拒绝把她的孩子们送到周末培训中心补课。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。固定短 语refuse to do sth.意为“

33、拒绝做某事”,故本题选择A。 9.(2017河南,34)Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us sure we dont break anything. A.make B.made C.to make D.making 答案答案 C 句意:每当我们小孩子过来的时候,苏珊阿姨就站在那里看着我们,以确保我们不会打破任何东 西。本题考查非谓语动词。动词不定式to make表示目的,符合语境,故选C项。 10.(2016重庆,26)You should ask Bob his own cloth

34、es. He is ten years old now. A.wash B.washes C.washing D.to wash 答案答案 D 句意:你应该让Bob自己洗衣服。他现在十岁了。本题考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.为固 定用法,故选D。 11.(2016山东济宁,21)The show was so funny that it made everyone again and again. A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh 答案答案 A 句意:这个节目如此滑稽以至于让所有人都一次又一次地大笑。本题考查make的用法。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事,make后使用省略to的不定式,故选A。