2021年江苏中考英语复习练习课件：05专题五　介词.pptx

1、 中考英语 （江苏专用） 专题五 介词 .单项选择单项选择 1.(2020苏州,1)Did you go on the Silk Road trip by train? Yes. The train was great, just like a hotel wheelsit had all that I needed. A.in B.at C.on D.by 答案答案 C 句意:你是坐火车去“丝绸之路”旅行的吗?是的。这列火车棒极了,就像车轮上的旅 馆它有我需要的一切。本题考查介词的用法。on wheels在车轮上。故选C项。 A组 20162020年江苏中考题组 2.(2020南京,9)Na

2、njing Zijinshan Insect Museum, which will be open to the public soon, was formed at the foot of Zhongshan April 2nd. A.in B.on C.at D.from 答案答案 B 句意:不久将向公众开放的南京紫金山昆虫博物馆,于4月2日在钟山山脚下建成。本题考查介 词的用法。in后跟月份、年份或季节;on后跟日期或星期几; at后跟钟点或中午、午夜;from后跟时间点,表 示从某时起。April 2nd是博物馆建成的日期,故选B项。 3.(2020连云港,7)To complete

3、her online learning, Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive mes- sages her teachers. A.with B.during C.from D.through 答案答案 C 句意:为了完成网络学习,苏茜需要一台电脑或一部手机来从她的老师那里接收信息。本题考 查介词辨析。with和;during在期间;from从;through通过。根据语境,是从老师那里接收信息。故 选C项。 4.(2020宿迁,5)When you have joys, you can share them your frie

4、nds. A.for B.in C.with D.on 答案答案 C 句意:当你有高兴的事时,你可以把它们与你的朋友们分享。本题考查介词的用法。share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物。故选C项。 5.(2020盐城,1)Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt. A.at B.on C.in D.with 答案答案 C 句意:盐城是中国唯一以盐命名的城市。本题考查介词的用法。根据语境可知,此处需用地点 介词,且中国是大范围的地点,用in。故选C项。 6.(2020泰州,6)Andy practiced harde

5、st among us and he won first prize in the competition. A dream cant come true hard work. A.by B.across C.over D.without 答案答案 D 句意:Andy是我们中练习得最刻苦的,他在比赛中获得了一等奖。不努力就不能实现 梦想。本题考查介词的用法。by通过;across穿过;over在上方;without没有。根据Andy的例子可以看 出,努力了才会成功,反之,没有努力就不会实现梦想。故选D项。 7.(2019淮安,6) the help of modern technology,

6、scientists got a photo of a black hole. A.At B.In C.On D.With 答案答案 D 句意:在现代科技的帮助下,科学家们拍到了一张黑洞的照片。本题考查介词的用法。with the help of在的帮助下,符合题意。故选D项。 8.(2018苏州,1)Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off all directions. A.on B.at C.in D.by 答案答案 C 句意:被那声巨响惊吓到,兔子们四处逃窜。本题考查介词的用法。in all directions为固定搭配, 意为“向四

7、面八方”。故选C项。 9.(2018无锡,1)Lets put the piano over there, the wall. A.above B.against C.across D.around 答案答案 B 句意:让我们把钢琴放在那里吧,紧靠着墙。本题考查介词的用法。above在之上;against反 对,倚,紧靠;across横过;around围绕。against the wall紧靠着墙,符合语境。故选B项。 知识拓展知识拓展 against是一个常用的介词,但是考生对它的第一层含义(反对)更为熟悉,对“倚,紧靠”这层含 义有可能会忽视。本题要求考生比较全面地掌握常用词汇的基本含义。

8、 10.(2017盐城,1) April 1 China announced that it would build the Xiongan New Area in Hebei Province. A.On B.In C.At D.To 答案答案 A 句意:在4月1号,中国宣布将在河北省建立雄安新区。本题考查介词的用法。在具体日期前应 用介词on。故选A项。 试题评析试题评析 从学科层面上看,本题属于最基本的知识考查,但结合了社会热点,时代气息扑面而来,也提醒考 生在学习之外,还得关心身边事、国家事。 11.(2017泰州,7)If someone is your way, what will

9、 you do? I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past. A.in B.on C.by D.along 答案答案 A 句意:如果有人挡你的路,你会怎么做?我会等着直到他/她动了,而不是挤过去。本题 考查介词的用法。in ones way挡某人的路。故选A项。 12.(2016扬州,3)Hi, guys. Where were we yesterday? We learned the differences fact and opinion. A.between B.among C.during D.beyond 答案

10、答案 A 句意:嗨,同学们,我们昨天学到哪里了?我们学了事实和观点之间的差异。本题考查介 词的用法。between在之间(两者);among在之间(三者或三者以上);during在期间;beyond超 出。此处指两者之间的差异。故选A项。 13.(2016泰州,10)As a nurse, her work goes taking care of her patients. Yes, she always thinks of others. A.beyond B.beside C.behind D.between 答案答案 A 句意:作为一名护士,她的工作远远超过了照顾她的病人。是的,她总是想

11、着别人。本 题考查介词。beyond超出,超过;beside在旁边;behind在后面;between在中间(两者)。根据答 语可知,她除了照顾病人还想着别人,故选A项。 .词汇运用词汇运用 1.(2020镇江,40)Sandy helped me put the sofa (genst) the wall. 答案答案 against 句意:Sandy帮我把沙发靠墙放好。根据音标可知此处应填介词against,意为“靠着,倚 着”。 2.(2019常州,45) (在期间) his stay in Beijing, he made some foreign friends. 答案答案 Durin

12、g during ones stay in在地方逗留期间。注意首字母大写。 3.(2018淮安,55)Man cant live (with) air or water. 答案答案 without 此处用了双重否定形式,相当于肯定;without air or water相当于条件状语从句if there isnt air or water。 4.(2016扬州,51)I see no light and hear no sound (除之外) the wind that far away. 答案答案 except/but 句意:除了远处的风,我看不到光,也听不到声音。根据语境及汉语提示可知,

13、此处应填 except或but。 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 .单项选择单项选择 1.(2020辽宁营口,11)If success is a gate, the road it must be made up of difficulties. A.towards B.against C.opposite D.near 答案答案 A 句意:如果成功是一扇门,那么通向这扇门的路一定是由困难铺成的。本题考查介词。towards 朝,向;against倚,反对;opposite在对面;near接近。故选A。 2.(2020河北,31)When are you arriving? Ill p

14、ick you up the station. A.at B.to C.on D.off 答案答案 A 句意:你什么时候到?我会去车站接你。本题考查介词。“在车站”应用介词at,由此可知本题 选择A项。 3.(2019河北,28)This story is simple English. My little sister can read it. A.for B.in C.with D.by 答案答案 B 句意:这个故事是用简单的英文写的。我的妹妹能读懂它。本题考查介词短语。in English为 固定短语,意为“用英语”。故选B项。 4.(2019安徽,38)On sunny days, m

15、y grandma often reads a novel the window. A.by B.for C.with D.from 答案答案 A 句意:在晴朗的日子,我的祖母经常在窗边读小说。本题考查介词的用法。by在旁边;for为 了;with和,有,用;from从。by the window在窗边,故选A项。 5.(2019广东,33)I think tea will taste better some milk in it. A.for B.with C.from D.at 答案答案 B 句意:我认为茶里加些牛奶会更好喝。本题考查介词的用法。with有,带有,故选B项。 6.(2019

16、内蒙古呼和浩特,8)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the win- dows. A.against B.across C.above D.below 答案答案 A 句意:当雨开始重重击打窗户的时候,Ben正在帮助他的妈妈。本题考查介词词义辨析。against 碰,撞;across横过;above在上面;below在下面。根据语境可知选A项。 7.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,22)Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a

17、.m. the morning of June 18. A.at;in B.at;on C.on;in D.on;on 答案答案 B 句意:多数村民在6月18日早上9点参加了龙舟比赛。本题考查介词的用法。具体时刻前用介词 at;在具体某天的早上,用介词on。故选B项。 8.(2017河南,27)Father brought his little boy to a concert. But he was too young to sit the whole concert. A.for B.with C.during D.through 答案答案 D 句意:父亲带着他的小儿子去音乐会,但是他太小

18、了,不能坐着直到整场音乐会结束。本题考查 介词的用法。through从头到尾,此处表示整场音乐会,故选D项。 9.(2017安徽,38)To my pleasure, my family is always me whatever I decide to do. A.above B.behind C.from D.through 答案答案 B 句意:使我高兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我家人总是支持我。本题考查介词的用法。behind支 持,赞成;above在上;from从;through通过。故选B项。 10.(2016河北,28)Class, lets see who can spell th

19、e most words these letters. A.at B.into C.on D.with 答案答案 D 句意:同学们,咱们看看谁能用这些字母拼出最多的单词。本题考查介词的用法。at 在(某处), 向,朝;into到里面;on在上;with用。故选D项。 .词汇运用词汇运用 1.(2020四川南充,62)We sat o each other, so I could see his face clearly. 答案答案 opposite 根据I could see his face clearly可知,坐在对面才能看清对方的脸,故填介词opposite。 2.(2019河北,80)

20、I always look at the album when I think David. I really miss him. 答案答案 of think of为固定搭配,此处意为“想起”。 3.(2019浙江湖州,69)The weather here is wonderful. Its warm and sunny, clear blue skies every day. 答案答案 with 此处with短语作伴随状语。 4.(2017浙江丽水,60)But of course, its also a good choice for you to walk (沿着) the woode

21、n roads and enjoy natural sights around if you are not so brave. 答案答案 along walk along 沿着走。 5.(2016浙江丽水,71) our surprise, Dylan joined us for lunch. 答案答案 To to ones surprise为固定搭配,意为“使某人惊奇的是”。注意首字母大写。 C组 教师专用题组 .单项选择单项选择 1.(2018江苏南京,2)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969.

22、 A.in B.on C.at D.for 答案答案 B 句意:1969年7月20日,尼尔 阿姆斯特朗成了第一个在月球上行走的人。本题考查介词的用 法。具体某一天前用介词on,故选B项。 2.(2018江苏宿迁,2)The Dragon Boat Festival falls May or June every year. A.in B.on C.at D.between 答案答案 A 句意:每年的端午节都是在5月或6月。本题考查介词的基本用法。在某个月用介词in,故选A 项。 3.(2018云南,22)Mothers Day comes the second Sunday of May. A

23、.in B.on C.at D.for 答案答案 B 句意:母亲节在五月份的第二个星期日。本题考查介词的用法。in在中;当事物被视作一 点,不强调其空间时,常用介词at;for常与一段时间连用;指在具体的某一天,前面的介词用on。故选B项。 4.(2018天津,27)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. A.beside B.among C.up D.through 答案答案 A 句意:在照片里,他坐在我旁边,看起来非常开心。本题考查介词的用法。beside在旁边;a- mong在之中(三者及三者以上);up向上;through穿过。根

24、据语境可知选A项。 5.(2018安徽,36)Our class are much sure to win the basketball game Class Three. A.of B.in C.against D.from 答案答案 C 句意:我们班非常确定可以赢得与三班之间的篮球赛。本题考查介词的用法。of的;in在 里面;against和比赛;from从。根据语境可知选C项。 知识拓展知识拓展 against还可表示“反对,紧靠”。be against 反对;against the wall紧靠着墙。 6.(2018浙江温州,7)Ive ordered some flowers for

25、 grandma and they will arrive two hours. A.in B.after C.over D.for 答案答案 A 句意:我已经给奶奶订了一些鲜花了,花在两小时后会到。本题考查介词辨析。in在(某段时间) 之后;after在后;over在上面;for为,给。in two hours在两小时后。故选A项。 7.(2018内蒙古包头,22)Are you watching the football matches of the World Cup these days? Sometimes, and Ill watch the match Japan and Pol

26、and tonight. A.against B.about C.through D.between 答案答案 D 句意:这些天你正在看世界杯的足球比赛吗?有时看,我今天晚上要看日本和波兰之间 的比赛。 between 在之间,符合句意。against 与比赛,一般用于比赛双方之间;about关于;through 通过。根据语境可知,此处指两国之间的比赛,介词短语作后置定语,修饰the match。故选D项。 易错警示易错警示 本题容易错选A。如果只看到日本和波兰而没有考虑语境及句子结构,可能误选A项。 8.(2017江苏南京,3)Over 10,000 runners joined a ha

27、lf and a mini marathons in Xianlin, Nanjing May 7, 2017. A.in B.on C.at D.by 答案答案 B 句意:2017年5月7日,有超过一万名跑步者参加了南京仙林的半程马拉松和迷你马拉松。本题 考查介词的用法。表示“在具体的某一天”用on。故选B项。 9.(2017上海,29)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport. A.at B.under C.on D.with 答案答案 A 句意:雪莉仍然在机场等待她的飞往纽约市的航班。本题考查

28、介词的用法。at the airport在机 场。故选A项。 10.(2017云南,21)Many people like watching Chinese Poetry Conference(诗词大会) TV. A.in B.of C.at D.on 答案答案 D 句意:很多人喜欢在电视上观看中国诗词大会。本题考查介词的用法。on TV为固定搭配, 意为“在电视上”。故选D项。 11.(2017云南昆明,21)Hello, may I speak Mike? This is Mike speaking. A.at B.to C.in D.on 答案答案 B 句意:你好,我可以和迈克说话吗?我

29、就是迈克。本题考查介词的用法。speak to sb.和 某人谈话。故选B项。 12.(2016江苏镇江,3)Leonardo has acted in 36 films. He finally won the Oscar for Best Actor February 2 8, 2016. A.in B.at C.on D.to 答案答案 C 句意:Leonardo已经演了36部电影。他终于在2016年2月28日获得了奥斯卡最佳男主角奖。本 题考查介词的用法。在具体的某一天前用介词on。故选C项。 13.(2016北京,22)Pauls mother is a nurse. She work

30、s a hospital. A.with B.on C.of D.in 答案答案 D 句意:保罗的妈妈是个护士。她在医院工作。本题考查地点介词的用法。in a hospital在医院。 故选D。 14.(2016湖北襄阳,26)Who is Dave looking ? His mother. Shes been in hospital for a few days. A.for B.after C.at D.up 答案答案 B 句意:Dave正在照顾谁?他的母亲。她已经住院有一些日子了。look for寻找;look after 照顾;look at看;look up查找。故选B。 .词汇运

31、用词汇运用 1.(2019山东济宁,四,4)A all the school subjects, English is my favorite. 答案答案 Among 用于三者及三者以上的比较,此处表示在所有的学科中进行比较,故填Among。 2.(2018浙江宁波,38)There will be a high-speed railway (在之间) Ningbo and Zhoushan. 答案答案 between between.and.在和之间。此处指宁波和舟山两地之间。故填between。 .单项选择单项选择 1.(2020徐州一模,2)Arthur Conan Doyle is c

32、onsidered a master at solving crimes. A.for B.as C.with D.by 答案答案 B 句意:Arthur Conan Doyle被认为是破案大师。本题考查介词的用法。be considered as被认为是 。故选B项。 2.(2020盐城响水一模,23)How long have you been here? the end of last year. A.By B.At C.Since D.In 答案答案 C 句意:你来这儿多久了?自从去年年末。本题考查介词的用法。how long对时间段提 问,可用“since+时间点”或“for+时间段

33、”来回答,去年年末是时间点,故选C项。 3.(2020扬州仪征一模,5)I cant think of any other actress prettier than Audrey Hepburn. Exactly. Her beauty is words. A.over B.beyond C.above D.without 答案答案 B 句意:我想不起任何一个比Audrey Hepburn更漂亮的女演员了。的确。她的美丽无法 用语言描述。本题考查介词的用法。over在上方;beyond超越;above高于;without没有。beyond words 无法用语言表达。故选B项。 4.(202

34、0泰州姜堰第一次学调,23)Wuhan, a major city central China that is home to 11 million people, has suffered heavily the COVID-19 (新冠肺炎) outbreak. A.on;under;before B.in;over;during C.to;over;after D.from;under;when 答案答案 B 句意:武汉,一个中国中部1,100多万人的家园的主要城市,在新冠肺炎暴发期间遭受了巨大的痛 苦。本题考查介词的用法。in在里(表范围之内);on在上面(表接壤);to到(表相离);

35、from来自 。因为武汉属于中国,第一空用介词in,排除A、C和D三项,故选B项。 解题技巧解题技巧 在做设置多空的选择题时,有时只要抓住其中一个点,就能选出正确的答案,比如本题,只要做对 第一空,其他两空就迎刃而解了。 5.(2020南京建邺一模,1)Peter is clever enough to read and write the age of 4. A.between B.at C.to D.during 答案答案 B 句意:Peter在4岁时就会读书写字了,真够聪明的。at the age of在岁时。故选B项。 6.(2020苏州工业园区教学调研,1)The simplest

36、everyday activities can make a difference the environ- ment. A.for B.in C.of D.to 答案答案 D 句意:最简单的日常活动就能对环境产生影响。本题考查介词的用法。make a difference to.对 产生影响,固定搭配。故选D项。 7.(2020无锡梁溪模拟,3)Since he had no tools, he had to put the picture the wall before he could put it up. A.on B.in C.against D.over 答案答案 C 句意:因为他

37、没有工具,他不得不在能挂起这幅画之前先把它靠在墙上。本题考查介词的用 法。on在上面;in在里面;against紧靠;over在上方。故选C项。 8.(2019盐城大丰一调,22)If you want to be a good teacher, you should be patient students. A.about B.to C.with D.of 答案答案 C 句意:如果你想成为一个好老师,你应该对学生耐心点。本题考查介词和形容词的搭配。be pa- tient with对耐心,为固定搭配。故选C项。 9.(2019南京七城区一调,3)Mr. Black has gone to S

38、hanghai on business. He will return three days. A.in B.at C.for D.on 答案答案 A 句意:Black先生去上海出差了。他将会在三天后回来。本题考查介词的用法。in+时间段表示 “在(某段时间)之后”,in three days三天后,为表示将来的时间状语。故选A项。 10.(2019无锡锡山期中,2)How did you get the wonderful news? a Mr. Lorry, one well-informed person. A.Across B.Including C.Through D.By 答案答案

39、 C 句意:你怎么得到这个极好的消息的?通过一个叫Lorry的先生,一个消息灵通的人。本 题考查介词词义辨析。across从表面上横穿;including包括在内;through通过;by通过,by doing sth.通过 做某事。故选C项。 思路点拨思路点拨 本题有一定难度。by是一个较大的干扰项。考生应注意这两点:(1)by常和不带定冠词the的交 通工具的单数形式连用,如by bike;(2)by 后常跟动词的-ing形式,表示“通过做某事”,如:by showing us the beauty of nature.。此处是通过某个人(得到消息),故用through。 11.(2018

40、扬州江都一模,2)Look at Lucy! She looks so charming. Right! I think red looks beautiful her. A.in B.with C.on D.at 答案答案 C 句意:看Lucy!她看起来如此有魅力。是的!我认为她穿红色看起来很漂亮。本题考查 介词的用法。表示某人穿某种服饰或颜色好看可用:sth. looks beautiful on sb.或sb. looks beautiful in sth.。 空格后为代词的宾格形式her,故选C项。 12.(2018苏州昆山第一次质测,11)Do you know what the v

41、oting woman is charged ? She has been found guilty stealing a new-born baby from his mother. A.with;for B.for;of C.of;with D.with;of 答案答案 D 句意:你知道这个有投票权的女士被指控什么吗?她已经被判决犯了从新生儿母亲那 儿盗窃婴儿的罪。本题考查介词的搭配。be charged with被指控;guilty of犯有罪。两个短语都为固 定搭配,故选D项。 13.(2018苏州工业园区教学情况调研,5)It seems that your daughter sho

42、ws an interest playing the guitar. Exactly. Her teacher says she has a gift music. A.for;of B.of;for C.in;of D.in;for 答案答案 D 句意:你女儿似乎对弹吉他很感兴趣。正是。她的老师说她有音乐天赋。本题考查介 词的用法。第一空考查固定搭配show an interest in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣,排除A、B两项;第二空考查 固定搭配have a gift for.对有天赋。故选D项。 14.(2018盐城大丰一调,9)How long have you lived

43、 in the new flat? 2016. A.In B.After C.Since D.Before 答案答案 C 句意:你住在这个新公寓里多久了?自2016年以来一直住那儿。本题考查介词的用 法。根据问句中用的现在完成时态可知,此处应用since。答语为省略句,完整句子为“I have lived in the new flat since 2016.”。故选C项。 15.(2018南京鼓楼4月测试,1)Its so amazing that baby pandas weigh only about 140 grams birth. Wow, its hard to believe t

44、hat. A.on B.in C.at D.with 答案答案 C 句意:熊猫宝宝出生时只有约140克,很令人惊叹。哇,那难以置信。本题考查介词的用 法。at birth在出生时。故选C项。 .词汇运用词汇运用 1.(2020泰州兴化第一次适应性测试,88)Everyone handed in their work (除了) Li Hua because of his illness. 答案答案 except 注意:拼写时不要和expect混淆。 2.(2020常州教学情况调研,45)Jim, I want to join the army. Are you joking? People (在

45、下) eighteen arent allowed to join the army. 答案答案 under “under+年龄”表示“在岁以下”。 3.(2019扬州梅岭中学二模,48)In spring, bees and butterflies play (在中) the flowers. 答案答案 among among the flowers在花丛中。 4.(2019苏州张家港中考网上阅卷适应性考试,46)Look! The zoo is on the other side of the river. Lets go the bridge and see the giant pand

46、as. 答案答案 across go across the bridge从桥面上走过,相当于cross the bridge。 5.(2019苏州工业园区教学调研1,改编)We are all encouraged to work hard and succeed life. 答案答案 in succeed in sth.为固定搭配,意为“在某方面成功”。 时间:13分钟 分值:19分 .单项选择单项选择 1.(2020苏州高新区模拟,3)What impressed me most was that in Xinjiang the sky was always clear blue our

47、heads. A.over B.from C.on D.beyond 答案答案 A 句意:给我留下最深印象的是在新疆,我们头顶上的天空总是蔚蓝的。本题考查介词的用法。 over在上方;from来自;on在上面;beyond超越。天空在我们头顶上方,故选A项。 2.(2020盐城亭湖第一次学调,22)Hubei Province lowered its emergency response level the midnight of May 2. A.in B.at C.on D./ 答案答案 C 句意:湖北省在5月2号的午夜降低了紧急响应级别。本题考查介词的用法。在具体某一天的上 午、下午和晚上,用介词on,故选C项。 3.(2020泰州兴化网上阅卷第一次适应性测试,36)If your temperature is 37.3, you should go to the doctor instead of going to s