形容词和副词 ppt课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习.pptx

1、第二讲形容词和副词 1(2023新高考全国卷新高考全国卷)No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is _(rare)enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting more next time.解析：考查副词。空处修饰形容词enough，应用副词rarely作状语，意为“几乎不”。rarelyP26 2(2023新高考全国卷新高考全国卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings),those amazing constructions of del

2、icate dumpling wrappers,encasing包裹 hot,_(taste)soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.解析：考查形容词。空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup，应用形容词。tasty 3(2023浙江卷浙江卷1月月)Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and _(simple)in design and decoration,and the hutongs were narrower.解析：考查

3、形容词的比较级。根据句子结构和空前的and可知，空处和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语，应用形容词的比较级。simpler 4(2022新高考全国卷新高考全国卷)When he looked down,he _(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词slipped，应用副词accidentally，意为“意外地、失误地”。accidentally 5(2022全国甲卷全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six cont

4、inents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africas _(high)mountain.解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的Africas和常识可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词的最高级。highest 6(2022全国乙卷全国乙卷)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day,the birthplace of tea and the _(large)tea-producing country,China has a responsibility to wo

5、rk with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大的产茶国，空处应用形容词的最高级。largest 第一步：判断是填形容词还是填副词 1设空处修饰的是名词，应用形容词；2设空处修饰的是动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，应用副词。第二步：利用标志词、固定结构、隐含信息及语境判断是否使用比较级 第三步：分析句子，判断比较等级形形容词和副词容词和副词认识形容词认识形容词形容词是用来描写或修饰名词的一类词。youngexcel

6、lent handsome Definition形容词（形容词（adjectiveadjective，简称简称adj.adj.）是词类的一种，主要）是词类的一种，主要用来用来描写或修饰描写或修饰名词或代词，表示名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质人或事物的性质、状状态、特征或属性。态、特征或属性。e.g.She is a beautiful girl.beautiful稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识 形容词、副词的构词法一 名词、动词加上后缀构成形容词1.名词+-y：health-healthy;noise-noisy;leaf-leafy;su

7、n-sunny;rain-rainy;snow-snowy2.名词+-ful：power-powerful;peace-peaceful;beauty-beautiful;wonder-wonderful;help-helpful;faith-faithful;shame-shameful;thank-thankful3.名词+-less：care-careless;hope-hopeless;use-useless;wire-wireless稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识4.名词+-ic：energy-energetic;base-bas

8、ic5.名词+-en：wood-wooden；goldgolden;wool-woolen6.名词+-al/-ial：nation-national；educationeducational；naturenatural；additionadditional7.名词-ish：fool-foolish;self-selfish;boy-boyish;childchildish稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识8.名词-ous：danger-dangerous;courage-courageous;fame-famous;envy-envious9.

9、名词-ly：friend-friendly;order-orderly;time-timely;month-monthly;year-yearly;day-daily稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识10.名词/动词-able/-ible：advise-advisable;comfort-comfortable;afford-affordable;value-valuable;horror-horrible;sense-sensible 11.动词-ive：act-active;impress-impressive稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材

10、持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识 形容词、副词的构词法二 常用形容词前缀1.extra-超出，特别：extraordinary非凡的；extra-large特大的2.anti-反；抗：antinuclear反对使用核武的；anti-Japanese war抗日战争3.un-不，非：unable不能的；unhappy不快乐的4.in-不，非：inactive不活动的；inconvenient不方便的 稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持续更新，上千款模板选择总有一款适合你夯基必备基础知识5.im-不，非：impossible不可能的；impolite不礼貌的6.ir-不，非：i

11、rregular不规则的；irresponsible无责任感的7.il-不，非：illegal非法的；illogical不合逻辑的8.non-不，非：nonviolent非暴力的；nonprofit非盈利的Game Time(adj.就拍手）要点2：形容词的用法和位置 (1)作定语作定语,放在放在名词名词之前、之前、复合不定代词复合不定代词(something,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等等)或或复合不定副词复合不定副词(somewhere,anywhere等等)之后。如：之后。如：I have an interesting book.我有一本有趣的书。我

12、有一本有趣的书。Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗你买了什么特别的东西吗？Lets go somewhere different today.今天让我们去个不一样的地方吧。今天让我们去个不一样的地方吧。结构位置成分举例形容词名词形容词名词/代词代词 一般位于名词前一般位于名词前 定语定语 unhealthy diet,an 8-year-old girl,good idea形容词形容词enough位于位于enough前前定语定语He wants to run fast enough to catch his brother.We have enou

13、gh time to finish the work.复合不定代词复合不定代词/不定不定副词形容词副词形容词形容词后置形容词后置定语定语Theres something interesting in the newspaper.Hed like to live somewhere quiet.度量词组形容词度量词组形容词形容词后置形容词后置定语定语My sister is 1.9 meters tall.(long,high,deep,thick,wide)(2)作表语作表语，常跟在系动词之后。如：，常跟在系动词之后。如：结构位置成分举例系动词系动词/感官感官V.形容词形容词be动词动词“五五

14、”感官感官：look,sound,taste,feel,smell(眼看眼看,耳听耳听,口尝口尝,手摸手摸,鼻闻鼻闻)“五五”变变：get变温变温,turn变色变色,be/become变成变成,go变质变质,grow渐渐变得渐渐变得形容词后置形容词后置 表语表语 He is thirsty.The park looks very beautiful.(beauty)The soup smells delicious.That sounds great.be/become worried,(worry)turn yellow，get cold,go bad(变质变质)It seems good,

15、but its bad.系动词形容词系动词形容词(过去过去分词分词)位于系动词后位于系动词后 表语表语be/get married(结婚结婚marry),get dressed(自己穿衣服自己穿衣服dress),look smart(看起来精神看起来精神),be lost(迷路迷路)名词名词a-形容词形容词形容词后置形容词后置表语表语He was the only person asleep last night.(常见常见alive，awake，alone，alike等等)(3)作宾补作宾补，跟在宾语之后，常用于，跟在宾语之后，常用于“动词动词(keep,make,leave,find,fe

16、el,think等等)宾语形容词宾语形容词”结构中。结构中。结构位置成分举例stay/keep宾语宾语形容词形容词宾语之后宾语之后宾补宾补You must keep your eyes closed.(close)My mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.我妈妈下班回家发现房子干净整洁。我妈妈下班回家发现房子干净整洁。注意形容词的其他用法(1)-ed形容词和形容词和-ing形容词的区别形容词的区别：-ed形容词一般用来形容人的感受，表示形容词一般用来形容人的感受，表示“感到感到的的”，主语一般是人；，主语一般是人；-

17、ing形容词一般用来形容物体本身具有的形容词一般用来形容物体本身具有的性质，表示性质，表示“令人感到令人感到的的”，主语常常是事物。常见词有：，主语常常是事物。常见词有：interesting/interested，surprising/surprised，exciting/excited，pleasing/pleased，moving/moved(2022.45),tiring/tired,boring/bored等。等。(2)enough作形容词时作形容词时，常位于名词之前；，常位于名词之前；作副词时作副词时，常位于被修饰词之后。，常位于被修饰词之后。如：如：enough water 足够

18、的水；足够的水；fast enough 足够快。足够快。(3)一些形容词与一些形容词与the连用可表示一类人连用可表示一类人，常作主语或宾语，常作主语或宾语。常见词有：常见词有：good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind,living/dead等。等。(4)表示长、宽、高、深、年龄等的形容词常位于名词之后表示长、宽、高、深、年龄等的形容词常位于名词之后。如：如：fifty feet wide 五十英尺宽五十英尺宽(2018.45)；ten years old 十岁。十岁。(5)与形容词相关的一些与形容词相关的一些特殊句型特殊句型：Itsadj.(diffic

19、ult/easy/hard/dangerous/useful/pleasant/possible等等)(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说对某人来说)做某事是做某事是的。的。Itsadj.(kind/nice/polite/clever/lazy/careful/foolish等等)(of sb.)to do sth.(某人某人)做某事是做某事是的。的。“tooadj.to do sth.”/“adj.enough to do sth.”/“soadj.that.”太太而不能做某事而不能做某事/足够足够做某事做某事/如此如此以至于以至于(6)以以-ly结尾的词不一定是结尾的词不一

20、定是副词副词，也可以是，也可以是形容词形容词。如：如：friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,daily,lively,ugly等。等。-ing形容词修饰物 -ed 形容词修饰人 例句 要点要点3 3：形容词辨析：形容词辨析1.-ing1.-ing形容词和形容词和-ed-ed形容词形容词surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的 I have an interesting book.He is i

21、nterested in science.exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的Have you heard of the exciting news?We are excited about the traveling.pleasing 令人愉快的pleased感到愉快/满意的This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.-ing形容词修饰物 -ed 形容词修饰人 例句frightening令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的This is a frightening story.We

22、are frightened of the ghost.moving令人感动的moved 受感动的Titanic is a moving film.We are moved by Lei Fuguo deeply.tiring令人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的Its a long tiring day.Im too tired.fascinating 迷人的fanscinated着迷的What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.2.2.形容词短语辨析形容词短语辨析在英语中有很多形容句后需要加特定的介词构成形

23、容词短语，常见的有（1）与about搭配be careful about 对对小心小心be sure about 对对有把握有把握be crazy about 对对热衷热衷be curious about 对对好奇好奇be worried about 对对担忧担忧be anxious about 对对感到焦虑感到焦虑be sorry about 对对感到遗憾感到遗憾be strict about sth.对某事要求严格对某事要求严格（2）与）与at搭配搭配be amused at以以为乐为乐be annoyed at 对对.恼怒恼怒be surprised at 对对感到惊奇感到惊奇be an

24、gry at 对对生气生气be good at在在方面擅长方面擅长（3）与）与for搭配搭配be famous for因因而著名而著名get ready for为做好准备为做好准备be sorry for为为感到抱歉感到抱歉be fit/unfit for适合适合/不适合不适合be good for对对 有好处有好处be bad for对对 有坏处有坏处be suitable for适合适合be thirsty for渴望渴望（4）与）与from搭配搭配be absent from缺席缺席be different from与与不同不同be separated from和和 分离开分离开（5）与

25、）与in搭配搭配be interested in对对感兴趣感兴趣be weak in在在方面薄弱方面薄弱be different in在在方面不同方面不同be successful in在在成功成功（6）与）与 of搭配搭配be afraid of害怕害怕be fond of喜欢喜欢be proud of为为感到自豪感到自豪be tired of 对对感到厌倦感到厌倦be full of充满充满be careful of对对.小心小心be short of短缺短缺be ashamed of 对对感到羞愧感到羞愧（7）与）与to搭配搭配be close to接近，靠近接近，靠近be good t

26、o 对对好好be kind to 对对和蔼和蔼be rude to 对对.粗鲁粗鲁be polite to 对对有礼貌有礼貌be useful to 对对有用有用be related to与与.有关有关be similar to 与与.相似相似（8）与）与with搭配搭配be angry with对对生气生气be careful with 小心小心be busy with 忙于忙于be filled with充满充满be satisfied with对对感到满意感到满意be pleased with对对感到满感到满意意be patient with对对有耐心有耐心be strict with

27、sh.对某人要求严格对某人要求严格（8）与）与with搭配搭配be angry with对对生气生气be careful with 小心小心be busy with 忙于忙于be filled with充满充满be satisfied with对对感到满意感到满意be pleased with对对感到满感到满意意be patient with对对有耐心有耐心be strict with sh.对某人要求严格对某人要求严格考点一形容词词义辨析1.The show was so_that I couldnt stop laughing.A.sadB.terrible C.funny D.serio

28、us 2.Dont play games on the computer all day.Its_to your eyes.A.harmful B.useful C.helpful D.thankful 3.We experienced a few_we waited to hear the results of the test.A.pleasantB.anxiousC.hopeful D.disappointingCAB4.Whoever he is,a common man can be called a_hero when he is admired by us for doing s

29、omething brave or good.A.real B.smart C.perfect 5.How_!There are no workers in the bank.Its the first self-service bank in China.A.strangeB.scary C.boring6.This dog looks_.Its wearing red shoes.A.clever B.braveC.funny D.careful AAC7.Lukes mother will be_him if he wins the reading competition.A.proud

30、 of B.tired ofC.worried about D.strict with 8.Helping others makes us very_.A.lonely B.proud C.lazy D.harmful9.Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is_in China.A.patient B.luckyC.possible D.traditionalABDDefinition副词（副词（adverbadverb，简称简称adv.adv.）是指在句子中表示）是指在句子中表示行为或者状行为或者状态特征的词态特征的词，用以修饰，用以修饰动词、形

31、容词、其他副词动词、形容词、其他副词或者全句，或者全句，表示表示时间、地点、程度、方式时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。等概念。e.g.She is a very beautiful girl.verye.g.She always finishes her homework carefully.carefully常考副词大部分以常考副词大部分以-ly结尾结尾认识副词你能找出所有的副词吗？rainy quicklydifferently specialexpensive well hard quietheavily tiredlovely excitingfriendly fastearly eas

32、ily你能找出所有的副词吗？rainy quicklydifferently specialexpensive well hard quietheavily tiredlovely excitingfriendly fastearly easily认识副词1.It is very hot today.2.The dog laughed happily.3.Suddenly,it fell down.副词词基本用法什么叫形副？形副 .的（形容词）.地（副词）小朋友小朋友 干饭。干饭。A.A.开心地开心地 B.B.可爱的可爱的副词1.副词的用法 副词主要用来副词主要用来修饰修饰动词、形容词、其他副

33、词或整个句子，可充当状语、表语、动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，可充当状语、表语、定语等。如：定语等。如：He often loses things.他经常丢东西。他经常丢东西。(作状语作状语)Is the radio on or off?收音机是开着的还是关着的收音机是开着的还是关着的?(作表语作表语)注意注意(1)常见的可用作表语的副词有常见的可用作表语的副词有here,there,away,back,home,ahead,upstairs,downstairs,off等，且等，且常用于常用于be 动词之后动词之后。如：如：He is here./He is away.他在这儿。他在这儿

34、。/他不在。他不在。(2)为了强调上下句的为了强调上下句的衔接衔接，某些副词可，某些副词可放在句子之前放在句子之前。如：如：Suddenly,she had a good idea.突然，她有了一个好主意。突然，她有了一个好主意。2.副词的分类 分类分类举例举例时间时间副词副词lately,early,finally(2023.47),recently,ago(2022.70,2019.73),today,now,soon,once,then,before,later地点地点副词副词 here,there,everywhere,nearby,outside,home频度频度副词副词 程度程度副

35、词副词much,very,fairly,quite,rather,too,so,enough,almost,nearly,still,only,really方式方式副词副词safely,carefully,quickly,slowly(2022.48),fast,closely,suddenly(2020.45),successfully(2022.35)疑问疑问副词副词 how,where,when,why,how long,how soon,how far,how often连接连接副词副词 besides,however,therefore,otherwise3.形容词变副词的规则规则举

36、例一般在形容词词尾加-ly sad_；quietquietly;careful_以辅音字母y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-lylucky_；happy_；noisynoisily以辅音字母le结尾的词，去e再加-yterribleterribly;simple_；gentlegently其他变化truetruly;full_易错提醒易错提醒形容词与副词同形形容词与副词同形的有：的有：enough,fast,early,hard,high等。等。sadlycarefullyluckilyhappilysimplyfully有些副词有两种形式，其中，其中一种形式与形容词相同一种形式与形容词相同，另，

37、另一种形式是在一种形式是在形容词后加形容词后加ly，其，其意义不同。常见的有：。常见的有：词汇词汇词性词性词义词义词汇词汇词性词性词义词义hardadj.&adv.努力的努力的(地地)；艰难的；艰难的(地地)hardlyadv.几乎不几乎不mostadj.&adv.最最的的(地地)mostlyadv.主要地主要地lateadj.&adv.晚的晚的(地地)；迟的；迟的(地地)latelyadv.近来近来highadj.&adv.高的高的(地地)highlyadv.高度地高度地freeadj.&adv.免费的免费的(地地)freelyadv.自由地自由地nearadj.&adv.邻近的邻近的(地地

38、)nearlyadv.几乎；几乎；将近将近用法用法例句例句how long how soon4、几组副词辨析how long，how soon，how often和和 how far多久，多长时间，对一个持续的时间段提问，常用for+时间段或since+时间点回答How long have you been in China?For three months.你来中国有多久了?有三个月了。多快，多久以后，对一个短暂性动作提问，用于一般将来时的句子中，常用in+时间段回答How soon will he come back?In five minutes.他多久以后才能回来?5分钟后。用法用法例

39、句例句how often how far多长时间一次，对频率提问，常用 once/twice/threetimes a week 等回答多远，对距离提问How often do you visit your grandparents?Once a week.你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?一周一次。How far is it from your home to your school?About two kilometers.你家离学校有多远?大概两千米。用法用法例句例句hardhardlyhard和和 hardly努力地，大量地，猛烈地几乎不，是否定副词Its raining hard.雨下得很

40、大。I can hardly understand his words.我几乎听不懂他说的话。用法用法例句例句much tootoo muchmuch too和和too much非常,极其,太,中心词是 too,much修饰 too,以加强语气,much too 修饰形容词或副词原级The car is much too expensive.这辆轿车实在太贵了。太多,中心词是much,too修饰much,以加强语气,too much修饰不可数名词,与too many相对应,too many修饰可数名词复数Theres too much rain in summer.夏天雨水太多了。用法用法例句

41、例句sometimessometime some timessometimes，sometime和和 some times指有时候 Sometimes I go to school by bike.有时我骑自行车上学。表示将来或过去的某个时候New students will come to our school sometime next week.新同学将于下周的某个时候来我们学校。表示几次，几倍Our school is some times larger than theirs.我们学校比他们学校大几倍。1.把下面形容词变成副词。heavy _ simple _ dull _ poli

42、te _ careless _ basic _ true _ loud _ successful _ late _ good _ lucky _ heavilysimplydullypolitelycarelesslybasicallytrulyloudlysuccessfullylatelywellluckily当堂训练1.The manager sounded _（friend）on the phone.He offered to show us around the company.2.There was a big fire yesterday._（luck）,no one was h

43、urt.3.Be more _（careful）or you will fall down _(easy)in such kind of weather.4.The chicken in the plate smells _（bad）.You should throw it away as _（quick）as possible.5.Those toys for children look _and sell _.（good）6.Katie seems _（happy）at her new school.7.The mooncake tastes_（sweet）and the music so

44、unds _（beautiful）.8.Since it is winter now,its getting _（dark）after 5:00 in the afternoon.9.The use of computers has made it _（possible）for more people to work from home.friendlyLuckilycarefuleasilybadquicklygood well 2.请用括号内所给词的形容词或副词形式填空。happysweetbeautifuldark possible 1.The 119 passengers are_ L

45、iu Chuanjian.Without him,they would probably have lost their lives.Ahard on Bfriendly to Cresponsible forDthankful to2.The manager sounded_ on the phone.He offered to show us around the company.Asoftly Bfriendly Cgently Dseriously3.-Look at the girl in the square!-Oh!Im surprised that a_ girl can da

46、nce so well!Athree-years-old B.three years old Cthree-year-old Dthree years old4.We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits(优点优点)and defects(缺点缺点),so we must treat them_.Aproperly Bactually CexactlyDterribly5.The boy looked_ because he didnt pass his maths exam.Asad Bsadness CsaddestD

47、sadly6.It was late.She opened the door_ because she didnt want to wake up her grandma.Aangrily Bquietly Cloudly Dheavily3.选择题形容词和副词的比较等级原级的判定方法(1)(1)由表示程度的副词由表示程度的副词very,so,too,quite,rather等修饰时，等修饰时，用形容词原级。用形容词原级。The man is very/so/quite/rather（kind/kinder/kindest).这个男人是非常这个男人是非常/如此如此/相当相当/十分仁慈的。十分仁

48、慈的。Its too(cold/colder/coldest)outside.Come in please.外面太冷。请进来吧。外面太冷。请进来吧。(2)(2)原级原级+enough。He is not(old/older/oldest)enough to go to school.他不够年纪上学。他不够年纪上学。(3)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下：用法示例AB：A.as形容词/副词原级asBTom is as tall as Kate.Tom runs as fast as Kate.AB：A.notas/so形容词/副词原级asBI am not as/so care

49、ful as Lucy.我不如露西细心。我不如露西细心。I cant type as/so fast as my brother.我打字不如我弟弟我打字不如我弟弟/哥哥快。哥哥快。A是是B的的倍倍“A.倍数as形容词/副词原级asB”(一倍：一倍：once;两倍：两倍：twice；三倍及；三倍及以上：基数词以上：基数词times)Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。大象每天吃的是熊猫的大象每天吃的是熊猫的2 2倍。倍。An elephant eats twice mine.=An elep

50、hant eats twice mine.“A“A是是B B的的倍倍”的表达方式：的表达方式：AbeV.数词数词timesadj./adv.B；AbeV.数词数词timesadj./adv.B。This book is three times that one.This book is three times that one.times times 倍数的表达方式倍数的表达方式:once一倍，一倍，twice 两倍，两倍，three times 三三倍倍“”表示表示“三倍及三倍以上三倍及三倍以上”用法用法示例示例as much/many.as，表示前后的数量相同John earns as m