1、中考英语语法高频考点宾语从句知识讲解宾语从句(Object Clause)是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。一、宾语从句的用法 引导词:that,what,which,who,whether,if,how,when,why,where V. + 宾语从句【例】I believe (that) I can fly.Im afraid (that) I have to leave. 主语 + V. + it. 宾语从句【例】We consider it (形宾) nec
2、essary (宾补) that you have a clear understanding of this (真宾).系动词+感受类形容词(sure,happy,afraid,surprised+宾从)【例】Im afraid that I have to leave.二、宾语从句语法要点一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。【例】She said (that) she would leave the message on the headmasters desk. He said (that) he could finish his w
3、ork before supper.二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。【例】Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.I dont know whether hell come the day after tomorrow.但直接与or not连用时,往往用whether【例】Let me know whether he will come or not.(= Let me know whetheror not he will come )I dont know whet
4、her he does any washing or not.(= I dont know whether or not he does any washing. )三、如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的疑问词引导。【例】Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon?I dont know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack?三、宾语从句热门考点宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序,即主语之后接谓语动词。【例】Can you find out where he liv
5、es.(不说where does he live)主句谓语动词为一般过去时,则宾语从句通常要用过去的某种时态。不过,若宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实,普遍真理,自然现象等时,要用一般现在时。【例】Our teacher said light travels faster than sound.(宾语从句叙述的是客观事实,普遍真理)连词that引导由陈述句充当的宾语从句,that在句中不充当任何成分,在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。主句谓语是一般现在时,宾语从句可根据需要使用任何时态。【例】Nobody knows where he was born.没有人知道他出生在哪儿。主句谓语动词是guess,
6、think或believe等,且主句主语是第一人称时,从句的否定概念一般要转移到主句中去,即“否定转移”。【例】I dont think he is a good student. (不说 I think he isnt a good student.)我认为他不是个好学生。注意区分宾语从句与状语从句的区别:A.从句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后,而状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面。B.从引导词看,if 充当宾语从句的引导词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当从属连词。引导条件状语从句时,词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时,词义为“什么时候”。充当从属连词时,引导时间状语从句时,词义为“当的时候”。C.从时态看,if和when作连接词,引导宾语从句时,其谓语动词的时态应根据主句的谓语动词的时态作相应的变化。if 和 when 充当从属连词,引导表示将来动作或状态的条件状语从句或时间状语从句时,若主句中的谓语动词用了一般将来时,则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。(主将从现)【例】I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. If it rains, I will not go fishing.2