初中英语新译林版七年级上册Unit 1 This is me单词讲解（2024秋）.doc

1、七年级英语上册Unit 1单词讲解1.Greet (动词) “和（某人）打招呼（或问好）”派生词greeting (名词) “问候”常见搭配greet sb. (with sth.) (.)和某人打招呼Eg: He came up to greet me. 他走过来跟我打招呼。She greeted us with a smile. 她微笑着向我们打招呼。We exchanged greeting at the beginning of new term. 新学期开始我们互相问候。2.Introduce (动词) “介绍”派生词introduction (名词) “介绍”常见搭配 Introd

2、uce oneself 自我介绍Introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍某人Eg: Please introduce yourself. 请你做一个自我介绍。Please introduce me to Mr. Wang.请把我介绍给王先生。Our speaker today needs no introduction. 我们今天的发言人就不必介绍了。3.Each other “互相” 同义词组为“one another”易混辨析 each other与one another区别：Each other通常用于指两者之间的相互关系，强调两个个体之间的相互关系；而one another通

3、常用于指三者或三者以上的相互关系，强调整体重读每个个体都在进行相互影响。Eg: The students all like one another. 学生们都很喜欢彼此。We should help each other.我们应该互相帮助。知识拓展：each用法小结each作代词或形容词时，译为“每个”，可用来指代每一个人或事物；可以与of连用。注意：作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Eg: Each of the students likes this movie.每个学生都喜欢这部电影。Each person has their own unique personality.每个人都有自己独特的

4、个性。4.Go by “叫作；被称为”；“（时间）流逝；过去”知识拓展：其同义词组为“be called或be named”Eg: As the years go by, Im more into the issues.随着时间流逝，我就越接近这个问题。Our friend William often goes by Billy.我们的朋友William, 我们一般都叫他Billy。5.Glad (形容词) “高兴的”；“愉快的；愿意的”常见搭配 be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事Be glad of sth. 感谢；感激Eg: Im glad to see you. 见到你很

5、高兴。Id be glad of your help. 你若能帮我，我会非常感激。 6.Same (形容词) “同一的；相同的” 其反义词为different“不同的”常见搭配 the same as. 和.一样Be different from. 与.不同Eg: Id like one the same as yours. 我要一个和你一样的。My house is different from yours.我的房子和你的不同。7.Hobby (名词) “业余爱好” 其复数形式为hobbies常见句型：What is/are ones hobby/ hobbies? 某人的爱好是什么？Eg:

6、 Her hobby is reading books. 她的爱好是读书。What are their hobbies? 他们的爱好是什么？8.Grade (名词) “年级；等级”知识拓展：在表示“在哪个年级/班级”时，常用“in + Class ., Grade.”的结构。注意：班级在前年级在后；且每个单词开头字母需大写。Eg: Im in Class Two Grade Seven. 我在七年二班。9.Friendly (形容词) “友好的”派生词friend (名词) 朋友常见搭配be friendly to sb. 对某人友好Eg: Miss Wang is friendly to u

7、s. 王老师对我们很友好。10.Full (形容词) “大量的；满的”；“饱的”常见搭配be full of . = be filled with . “装满；满是.的”Eg: Give me the full one. 给我一个满的。Im full now. 现在我饱了。The box is full of books. = The box is filled with books. 这个箱子装满了书。11.Energy (名词) “能量；能源；精力” 其复数形式为energies常见搭配physical energy 体力Full of energy 精力充沛的Eg: Its a wast

8、e of time and energy. 那是浪费时间和经历。Shes always full of energy. 她总是充满活力。12.Be good at . 擅长.注意：其后动词需要用doing形式。知识拓展：be good for. 对.有好处Be good with. 和.相处的很好；善于和.相处Be good to . 适于.；对.友好Eg: She is good at swimming.她擅长游泳。Milk is good for our health. 牛奶对我们健康有好处。She is good with the young. 她和年轻人相处的很好。The young

9、should be good to the old.年轻人应该孝顺老人。13.Polite (形容词) “有礼貌的”派生词impolite (形容词) “无礼的”； politeness (名词) “礼貌；殷勤”常见搭配Its polite (of sb.) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事有礼貌Eg: Its polite of you to help the old man cross the road.对于你来说帮助老人过马路是有礼貌的。14.Smart (形容词) “聪明的；智能的”常见搭配smart person 聪明人Smart phone 智能手机易混辨析 smart

10、与clever区别：smart通常用于描述人或事物具有聪明、灵巧、时尚等特点，也可表示穿着得体、时尚。clever通常用于描述人在某些领域或技能上表现出的高超能力，如学习、解题等。Eg: She is a smart girl. 她是一个机灵的姑娘。The girl is very clever. 这个女孩很聪明。15.Ready (形容词) “愿意的；准备好的”常见搭配 be ready to do sth.愿意做某事；乐于做某事Get ready for . 为.做准备Eg: My mum is getting ready for dinner. 我妈妈正在为晚饭做准备。He is rea

11、dy to go to bed. 他准备好去睡觉了。He is ready to help others. 他乐于助人。16.Other (形容词/代词) “另外；其它”易混辨析 Other, the other, others, the others与another区别：Other “其他的；另外的”常作限定词使用，后面可以接名词The other “两者中的另一个”为特指，常用结构为one., the other.“一个.；另一个”Others 用于已知的一些人或物中，出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指，常用结构为some., others.“一些.，另一些.”。Othe

12、rs = other + 可数名词复数The others用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后，余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的；其余全部”为特指，我们常用the others = the other + 可数名词复数Another “另一个；再一个”为泛指，三者或三者以上中的另一个Eg: I cant see you now - some other time, maybe.我现在不能见你 - 也许别的时候吧。I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.我有两个哥哥，一个是医生，另一个是老师。Some people c

13、ame by car, others came on foot. 一些人开车来，另一些人走路来。Can you give me another chance? 你能再给我一次机会吗？17.Interested (形容词) “感兴趣的”派生词interesting (形容词) “有趣的”； interest (名词) 兴趣常见搭配take an interest in . = be interested in . 对.感兴趣Eg: Please show your interest in reading. 请表达你对阅读的兴趣。18.Looks (复数名词) “相貌；容貌”常见搭配look at

14、. 看.Look like . 看起来像.知识拓展：look可作动词，译为“看”，如果后面有宾语，须和at搭配；look也可作半系动词，后面需加形容词。Eg: Look at this photo. 看这张照片。Look! The boys are playing football.看！那些男孩正在踢球。She looks like her father. 她长得像她的爸爸。The man looks strong. 那个男人看起来很强壮。19.Both (代词) “两个都”常见搭配both. and. = both of. “两者都.”Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are f

15、rom England.丽丽和露西都来自英国。Both of them are from England. 他们两个都来自英国。易混辨析 both与all区别：Both强调两者之间，可与of/and连用，而all强调三者或三者以上，只可以与of连用；二者作主语时，谓语动词都需用复数形式。Eg: Both of them are friendly. 他们两个都很友好。All of them are friendly. 他们所有人都很友好。20.Enjoy (动词) “享受.的乐趣；欣赏；喜爱”派生词enjoyable (形容词) “愉快的”常见搭配enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事En

16、joy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴；过得愉快Eg: Lily enjoys reading books. 丽丽喜爱读书。We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开心。21.Pretty (形容词) “漂亮的；标致的”；(副词) “相当；十分”常见搭配pretty good 相当好易混辨析pretty与beautiful的区别：Pretty有“美丽可爱”之意，多用于小孩、妇女和较细小的东西，语气较弱beautiful则为“漂亮悦人”之意，表示美丽最普通的用词，语气最强，通常不用于男性。Eg: R

17、achel is a very pretty woman.瑞秋是一位漂亮的女性。Look at that beautiful lady.看那位美丽的女士。22.Stay (动词) “保持；继续是；逗留”； (名词) “停留；逗留”注意：stay在译为“保持”时为半系动词，其后常常接形容词Eg: My father often does exercise to stay healthy. 我爸爸经常做锻炼保持健康。He stayed with a friend while he was in Paris. 他在巴黎时住在一位朋哟家里。I enjoyed my stay in England. 我

18、在英国逗留期间过得很开心。常见搭配stay at 地点 呆在某地Stay up 熬夜Eg: She often stays at home on weekends. 她周末经常呆在家里。You shouldnt stay up too late, its bad for your health. 你不应该熬夜太晚，那对你身体不好。23.Match (名词) “比赛；火柴”；(动词) “匹配” 其复数形式为matches常见搭配watch the football match 看足球比赛Play with matches 玩火柴Match A with B 把A和B匹配起来Eg: They li

19、ke watching the football matches on TV.他们喜欢在电视上看足球比赛。My mother tells me not to play with matches. 我妈妈告诉我不要玩火柴。Please match the sentences with the picture.请把句子和图片匹配起来。24.Luck (名词) “幸运；好运”派生词lucky (形容词) “幸运的” - luckily (副词) “幸运地” - unlucky (形容词) “不幸的”常见搭配good luck 好运； bad luck 坏运Lucky day 幸运日； lucky d

20、og 幸运儿Eg: Good luck to you！ 祝你好运！She is a lucky dog. 她是个幸运儿。Luckily, she passed the exam. 幸运的是，她通过了考试。25.Chess (名词) “国际象棋”常见搭配play chess 下象棋； Chinese chess 中国象棋Eg: Peter always plays chess with his grandfather. 彼得总是和他爷爷下象棋。26.Problem (名词) “数学题；难题；困难”常见搭配 solve the problem 解决问题No problem 没问题Face the

21、problem 面对问题易混辨析problem与question区别：Problem主要指客观存在的、难以解决或涉及到实际的复杂情景，需要深入思考的问题，常与solve连用；question侧重于由于对某事疑惑不解而提出的问题，通常是为了获取信息或寻求答案，常与answer连用。Eg: Aging of population is a serious problem. 人口老龄化是一个严重的问题。Do you have any other questions? 你还有什么其它问题吗？27.Weekend (名词) “周末”派生词week (名词） 周 - weekday (名词) 工作日（周一

22、至周五任何一天）常见搭配at the weekend 在周末Eg: What do you usually do at the weekend? 你周末通常做什么？28.Fun (形容词) “有趣的；使人快乐的”； (名词) “开心；乐趣；好玩的事”派生词funny (形容词) 有趣的常见搭配have fun (doing sth.) （做某事）很开心Eg: We had fun at the party. 我们在派对上玩得很开心。“What fun!” she said with a laugh. “真开心啊！”她笑着说。29.Make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友Eg: She wants to make friends with Lily.她想要和丽丽交朋友。5