2024年高考新课标全国ⅠⅠ卷英语真题（无听力音频）（答案解析版）.pdf

1、第 1页/共 24页绝密绝密启用前启用前2024 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语英语本试卷共本试卷共 12 页。考试结束后页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项注意事项:1.答题前答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体字体工整、笔迹清楚。工整、笔

2、迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁保持卡面清洁,不要折叠不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分第一部分 听力（听力（120 小题）在笔试结束后进行。小题）在笔试结束后进行。第二部分第二部分 阅读（共两节阅读（共两节,满分满

3、分 50 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 2.5 分分,满分满分 37.5 分）分）阅读下列短文阅读下列短文,从每题所给的从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChoice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced WalkersThe Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner,experienced or advanced walkerto enjoy the challenges of C

4、arlows mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.Walk 1 The Natural WorldWith environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide,this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers aresure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 09:

5、00Start Point:Scratoes BridgeWalk Duration:6 hoursWalk 2 Introduction to HillwalkingEmmanuel Chappard,an experienced guide,has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.Thismountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from futu

6、re第 2页/共 24页walking trips.Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 09:00Start Point:Deerpark Car ParkWalk Duration:5 hoursWalk 3 Moonlight Under the StarsWalking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands ofCarlow can be enjoyed in the presence of wel

7、coming guides from local walking clubs.Atorch(手电筒)along withsuitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refusedpermission to participate.Date and Time:Saturday,1st October,at 18:30Start Point:The Town HallWalk Duration:3 hoursWalk 4 Photograph

8、ic Walk in Kilbrannish ForestThis informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.Date and Time:Sunday,2nd October,at 11:45Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest

9、 Recreation AreaWalk Duration:1.5 hours1.Which walk takes the shortest time?A.The Natural World.B.Introduction to Hillwalking.C.Moonlight Under the Stars.D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.2.What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?A.Wear proper clothes.B.Join a walking club.C.Get speci

10、al permits.D.Bring a survival guide.3.What do the four walks have in common?A.They involve difficult climbing.B.They are for experienced walkers.C.They share the same start point.D.They are scheduled for the weekend.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步行时间等相关细节。第 3页/共 24页【1

11、 题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“Walk Duration(步行时间)”部分比较可知，“Walk4 Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest(步行 4基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是 1.5 小时，用时最短。故选 D 项。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 Moonlight Under the Stars(步行 3星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewho are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿着不

12、当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选 A 项。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time(日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选 D 项。BDo you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read?Yes,we all have ourphones,but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.Wel

13、l,theres a kiosk(小亭)for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area,at least.“You enter the fare gates(检票口)and youll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,athree-minute,or a five-minute story,”says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco BayArea Rapid Tr

14、ansit known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like shortstory.”Its that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched lastMarch.Some are classic short stories,and some are new original works.Trost also wants to intr

15、oduce local writers to local riders.“We wanted to do something where we do a call toartists in the BayArea to submit stories for a contest,”Trost says.“And as of right now,weve received about 120submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”Ridersh

16、ip on transit(交通)systems across the country has been down the past half century,so could shortstories save transit?Trost thinks so.“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the riderexperience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just bec

17、ause of short stories,”she says.And youll never be without something to read.4.Why did BART start the kiosk program?第 4页/共 24页A.To promote the local culture.B.To discourage phone use.C.To meet passengersneeds.D.To reduce its running costs.5.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?A.By popularit

18、y.B.By length.C.By theme.D.By language.6.What has Trost been doing recently?A.Organizing a story contest.B.Doing a survey of customers.C.Choosing a print publisher.D.Conducting interviews with artists.7.What is Trosts opinion about BARTs future?A.It will close down.B.Its profits will decline.C.It wi

19、ll expand nationwide.D.Its ridership will increase.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost 认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对 BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“You enter the fare gates(检票口)and youll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells youcan get a one-

20、minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,”says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officerfor the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it givesyou a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官 Alicia Trost 表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到

21、一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART 启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选 C 项。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选 B 项。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“We

22、wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submitstories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning第 5页/共 24页stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost 最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入售

23、货亭供乘客阅读。故选 A 项。【7 题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they canto improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,”shesays.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，

24、Trost 认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选 D 项。CWe all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at the store went through weeks oftravel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmers markets are a solid choice to reducethe journey,Babylon Micr

25、o-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more.BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally,it could serve a larger audiencesuch as a hospital,restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weeklysupply of fresh greens.Specifically,its a farm t

26、hat relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotelymonitored.Also,there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the system

27、provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest,users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seededpod(容器)to get the next growth cycle started.Moreover,having a system in the same building where its eaten means zero emissions(排放)fromtransporting plants from soil to salad.In addition,the

28、res no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollutetraditional farms and the surrounding environment.BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Insidethe office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans an

29、d avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,”said a BMF employee.8.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?A.It guarantees the variety of food.B.It requires day-to-day care.C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance.D.It relies on fa

30、rmers markets.9.What information does the convenient app offer?第 6页/共 24页A.Real-time weather changes.B.Current condition of the plants.C.Chemical pollutants in the soil.D.Availability of pre-seeded pods.10.What can be concluded about BMF employees?A.They have a great passion for sports.B.They are de

31、voted to community service.C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences.D.They have a strong environmental awareness.11.What does the text mainly talk about?A.BMFs major strengths.B.BMFs general management.C.BMFs global influence.D.BMFs technical standards.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴

32、比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmers markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more.(虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选 C。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Also,the

33、re is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.(此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选 B。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of themwalk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste redu

34、ction by limiting garbage cans andavoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,”said a BMF employee.(BMF 员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF 的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF 员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选 D。【11 题详

35、解】第 7页/共 24页主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmers markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more.(虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient appthat provides growing data in real

36、time.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount ofwater needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the system provides just the right amount to eachplant.(通过云连接，对 BMF 进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及

37、最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.Abouthalf of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limitinggarbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals inour environm

38、ent,”said a BMF employee.(BMF 员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF 的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选 A。DGiven the astonishing potential ofAI to transform our lives,we all need to take a

39、ction to deal with ourAI-powered future,and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.Thisabsorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by theforthcoming AI revolution(变革).In the wrong hands,such a book could p

40、rove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码)thatpowersAI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decadesprofessional experience translating the heady intothe understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making fora guide which is hig

41、hly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almost as smart asAI.As we soon come to learn from AI by Design,AI is already super-smart and will become more capable,moving from the current generation of“narrow-AI”to Artificial General Intelligence.From there,Campbell says,

42、will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness ofAI and its futurenow-several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keepcontrol of artificial intelligence,or risk being sidelined and perhaps even

43、worse.Campbells point is to wake up those responsible forAI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they第 8页/共 24页are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a“tipping point”in historyand must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.

44、We need to consider how we want our futurewith Al to pan out.Such structured thinking,followed by global regulation,will enable us to achieve greatnessrather than our downfall.AI will affect us all,and if you only read one book on the subject,this is it.12.What does the phrase“In the wrong hands”in

45、paragraph 2 probably mean?A.If read by someone poorly educated.B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.C.If written by someone less competent.D.If translated by someone unacademic.13.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?A.It is packed with complex codes.B.It adopts a down-to-eart

46、h writing style.C.It provides step-by-step instructions.D.It is intended forAI professionals.14.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?A.Observe existing regulations on it.B.Reconsider expert opinions about it.C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control.D.Learn from prior ex

47、perience to slow it down.15.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To recommend a book on AI.B.To give a brief account ofAI history.C.To clarify the definition ofAI.D.To honor an outstandingAI expert.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Catriona Campbell 所著 AI by Design:A Plan for

48、 Living withArtificial Intelligence 一书。该书作为应对 AI 革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述 AI 发展现状与前景，强调控制 AI 的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。【12 题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码)that powersAI but,thankfully,Campbell has more than two decades professional experience t

49、ranslating the headyinto the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic,making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which,by the close,will make you feel almostas smart asAI.(这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有 20多年的专业经

50、验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角第 9页/共 24页度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示“如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选 C 项。【13 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully,Campbell has more than two decadesprofessional experiencetranslating the heady into the understandable