初中英语新人教版七年级下册Unit1 语法和写作知识讲解（2025春）.doc

1、七年级英语下册Unit1 语法及写作一、语法可数名词及不可数名词*定义：名词的数指数量，即“多少”。单数：表示“一”；复数：表示“多于一”*名词可数性：可数名词和不可数名词*可数名词单数变复数规则1.一般情况直接加s 如：star -stars; book -books等2.以字母s,x,sh,ch等结尾词直接加es 如：bus -buses; watch -watches等3.以字母f或fe结尾的词将f或fe变为v再加es 如：leaf -leaves; knife -knives等4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加es 如：baby -babies; city -cities等5.以元

2、音字母加y结尾的词 直接加s 如：toy -toys; monkey -monkeys等6.以es, se, ze, ge等结尾的词直接加s 如：face -faces; orange -oranges等7.以辅音字母加o结尾的词若表示有生命力则加es如：tomato -tomatoes; hero -heroes等若表示无生命力则加s 如：photo -photos等8.不规则变化改a为e型：man -men; woman -women改oo为ee型：tooth -teeth; foot -feet在词尾加-ren：child -children单复数形式相同：sheep; deer; Ch

3、inese; Japanese常用复数形式或只有复数形式：noodles; glasses; trousers; thanks; clothes; chopsticks; people等其他特殊形式：mouse -mice; 老鼠；mouse -mouses 鼠标注意：1.有些以f或ef结尾的词直接加s变成复数：如：roof -roofs; chief -chiefs等2.由man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式需前后都变复数：如：man doctor -men doctors； woman teacher - women teachers等3.名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，通常只变后一个名

4、词：如：boy student -boy students；apple tree -apple trees等*不可数名词的量化：通常不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰，且不能用数词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数注意：不可数名词的量化具体的量：数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词；如：a pieceof paper一张纸；threekilos of rice三公斤大米大概的量：表示量的限定词+不可数名词（用some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示）；如：somewater一些水；a lot of money 许多钱*既可作可数

5、也可作不可数Chicken (可数) “小鸡”(不可数) “鸡肉”Paper (可数) “文件” (不可数) “纸”Experience (可数) “经历”(不可数) “经验”Room (可数) “房间”(不可数) “空间”Fish (可数) “鱼的条数、种类”(不可数) “鱼肉”Time (可数) “次数” (不可数) “时间”Glass (可数) “玻璃杯”(不可数) “玻璃”Work(可数) “作品”(不可数) “工作”【即学即用】（一）用所给词的适当形式填空1.The deer has four _feet_ (foot) .2.Her two brothers are _police

6、men_ (policeman).3.Can you see nine _horses_ (horse) in the picture?4.The boy has two _watches_ (watch).5.There are lots of _potatoes_ (potato) in the basket.（二）单项选择(C) 1.There are four _ and two _ in the group.A.Japanese; Germen B.Japaneses; Germen C.Japanese; Germans D.Japaneses; Germans(C)2.Two _

7、 would come to the village.A.woman doctors B.women doctor C.women doctors D.woman doctors(A)3.Can you see nine _ in the picture?A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse(B)4.They come from different _.A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys(B)5.Would you like _, please?A.two glass of water B.two glasses of w

8、aterC.two glass of water D.two glasses of waters(C)6.There are some _ in these _.A.kinfes; pencil - boxes B.knives; pencil - boxC.knives; pencil - box D.knives; pencil - boxes(C)7.There are two _ in the room.A.Chineses B.Englishman C.Japanese D.American(B)8.Im very thirsty.May I have _, please?A.two

9、 cups of teas B.two cups of tea C.two cup of teas D.two cup of tea(D)9.- What can I do for you?- Id like _, please.A.two kilo of meat B.two kilos of meats C.two kilo of meats D.two kilos of meat(A)10.I like to eat some _ for dinner.Its very delicious (美味的).A.chicken B.apples C.pears D.tomatoes二、写作本单

10、元写作主题为介绍“最喜欢的动物”（一）常用短语1.Kind of . 有点.2.Be shy 害羞3.Be friendly to. 对.友好4.A symbol of. .的象征5.Be from . 来自.（二）常用句型1.This is . 这是.2.is .years old .多少岁3.I like .because . 我喜欢.因为.4.live in . .住在.5.is/are from . .来自.（三）写作思路第一步：介绍姓名 第二步：介绍外貌特征第三步：介绍来自某地 第四步：介绍年龄第五步：介绍喜欢的原因（四）范文介绍一种自己喜欢的动物There are many kin

11、ds of animals in the worlD.But my favourite animal is Huahua.She is a panda.I think everyone likes her.She is black and white.She has two big black ears and eyes.She also has black legs and arms.And she is very cute.She is three years olD.She is from China.Now she lives in Sichuan.She is popular.Lots of people come to the zoo to see her.Do you want to see her one day?3