Unit 2 突破·语法大冲关 同步教材讲解（2020新外研版）英语必修第二册.doc

1、 情态动词(2) 1may/might 观察例句 Might I ask for a picture of your little daughter? Yes，you may. We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet. May you be happy every day! There is nothing to do，so I may as well go to bed. 归纳用法 (1)表示请求、许可。在疑问句中用 might 比 may 的语气更委婉。 (2)表示推测意为“可能、或许”。might 比 may 语气弱

2、。 (3)表示祝愿，常用结构为“May主语动词原形！” (4)may/might as well 表示“不妨”。 即学即练 1 单句语法填空 May/Might I take the book out of the library? He may come back in an hour，but Im not sure. Now that you have come，you may/might as well stay. May you enjoy yourself! 2shall/should/ought to 观察例句 Shall I buy some picture books for

3、the children? Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? You shall finish your homework first before you go out and play. One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school. You should/ought to put more effort into your work. She promised to come by 10 oclock.She should/ought

4、 to be here at any moment. Its not surprising that people should be suspicious of politicians promises. 归纳用法 (1)shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，征求对方的意见。 (2)shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允 诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用 shall。 (3)should/ought to 都表示劝告和建议， 意为“应该”。 此时 ought to 比 should 语气要强。 (4)should/ought to 都表示预测可能性，意

5、为“按道理应该会”。 (5)should 表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然”。 即学即练 2 单句语法填空 Shall we put off the sports meet till next month? You shall receive all the money that is owed to you. We should/ought to be strict with ourselves. He left Paris in the morning.So he should/ought to arrive here by supper time. It is strange that

6、such things should happen in our school. 3will/would/used to 观察例句 If you will read the book，I will lend it to you. Would you come into the bar and have a drink with me? Every evening he will have a walk along the river. I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland a

7、t weekends. He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life. 归纳用法 (1)will/would 表示意愿，可用于各种人称。 (2)will/would 表示“请求；建议”，此时 would 比 will 更委婉。 (3)will/would 表示习惯，意为“总是，习惯于”。与 used to 相比，would 表 示过去重复、习惯性动作；而 used to 则强调过去与现在的对比。 即学即练 3 单句语法填空 We will never give up working，wh

8、atever happens. Would you mind opening the window for me? He will talk for hours if you give him the chance. Last year our English teacher would tell us stories in English after class. I used to smoke，but I have given it up. 4“情态动词have done” 观察例句 Since nobody gave him any help， he must have done the

9、 research on his own. He cant have gone to Shanghai，for I saw him a minute ago. He might have said so at the meeting，but Im not sure. You could have done better，but you didnt try your best. I was really anxious about you.You shouldnt have left home without a word. You neednt have told him the news;

10、he has heard it already. 归纳用法 表示对过去的推测 (1)must have done 表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测，意为“一定做过 某事。” (2)can/could have done 用于否定句和疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑 和不肯定，意为“不可能已经”或“可能已经了吗？” (3)may/might have done 用于肯定句和否定句， 表示对过去发生某事的可能性 的推测，意为“或许做过某事”或“或许没做过某事”。 表示后悔、责备或遗憾等情绪 (4)can/could have done 用在肯定句中， 表示对过去没有实现的可能性的遗憾， 意为“

11、本来能做实际上却未做” 。 (5)should/ought to have done 表示本该做某事而实际上未做； 否定式表示本不 该做但却做了。 (6)neednt have done 表示做了本来不必做的事。 即学即练 4 完成句子 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。 He may/might have given you more help，even though he was busy. 他本来能通过考试，但他太粗心了。 He could h

12、ave passed the exam，but he was too careless. 你本没有必要来学校，今天是周日。 You neednt have come to the school.It is Sunday today. 现在太晚了，那时你本该抓住机会的。 Its too late now.You should have grasped the chance then. .用适当的情态动词填空 1They may/might be having a meeting，but Im not sure. 2When he lived in the countryside，he would

13、 go fishing every day. 3If you will help us，we shall be very grateful. 4Dont worry，you shall have the reply this afternoon. 5Can he have gone abroad when we get there? 6He must have been to the island，for he knows a lot about it. 7George cant have gone too far.His coffee is still warm. 8You neednt h

14、ave worriedit all turned out fine. 9The flowers have died.I should have watered them often. 10He could have passed the driving test at the first attempt，but he was too nervous. .用适当的情态动词或括号内单词的适当形式完成短文 Im sorry to learn that youve failed in the examination.You said you could 1.have passed(pass) it b

15、ut you were too nervous. But things 2.may not be like that.If you had made enough 3.preparations(preparation)，you wouldnt 4.have been (be)too nervous.I think the real reason for your failure 5.must be that you didnt do your best. When an opportunity comes， we 6.should/ought to grasp it 7.tightly(tight) But if we only wait for the good opportunity 8.to come，it will never come. As the saying 9.goes(go)，“Practice makes perfect.” If you 10.will put more effort into your study，you are sure to make it next time.