Unit 3 教学·知识细解码 同步讲解 （新教材）外研版（2020）选择性必修第二册.doc

1、 1dust n灰尘，尘土dusty adj.布满灰尘的 2furnish v布置家具；装备furnished adj.配有家具的furniture n家具 3lead v领导，引导leader n领袖；领导leadership n领导；领导地 位 4 compete v 比赛； 竞争competitor n 比赛者； 竞争者competition n 比 赛；竞争 5construct vt.建设，修复construction n建设reconstruct v重建；修 复reconstruction n重建；修复 6social adj.社会的society n社会socialist adj

2、.社会主义的 7occupy vt.占据；占领；占用(时间)；忙于occupation n职业，工作； 占据 8emotion n情绪；情感emotional adj.情绪(上)的；情感(上)的 9intend v意欲；打算intention n意图 10adapt v改编；适应adaptation n改编 11 urge v 敦促； 督促； 极力主张urgent adj.紧急的； 迫切的urgency n 紧 急；迫切urgently adv.迫切地 12convince v说服，使信服convinced adj.信服的convincing adj.有说 服力的；使人信服的 Words an

3、d Phrases 知识要点1 drop in 顺便拜访 (教材 P26) The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books. 这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书而顺 便进来并与他人建立良好关系的地方。 例 1 She spent most of the day dropping in on friends in Edinburg

4、h. 她一天的大部分时间都用来拜访在爱丁堡的朋友了。 例 2 Its improper to drop in on him so casually. 这样冒冒失失去找他可不好。 造句 在我下班回家的路上，我顺便到我叔叔家去看了看。 On my way home from work I dropped in at my uncles house. 知识拓展 drop in on sb. 顺便拜访某人 drop in at sp. 拜访某地 drop into a place 顺便去一个地方 drop out(of sth.) 退出；辍学 即学即练 单句语法填空 On the way to the

5、 suburbs, we dropped into a bookstore. He dropped in on some old comrades on his vacation trip to Beijing. He was at school at the age of 16 but dropped out a year later. 小片段填空 Tony dropped out and wandered around every day.One day on his way home, he dropped in at a restaurant to have lunch.Then he

6、 dropped in on his uncle. 知识要点2 sympathy n同情 (教材 P26) I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldnt stay in business much longer. 我试着想一些同情的话，但我不得不承认彩虹书店不能再继续经营下去了。 例 1 I wish hed show me a little more sympathy. 我多希望他能再体谅我一点。 例 2 May we offer our de

7、epest sympathies on the death of your wife. 我们谨对尊夫人去世表示最深切的慰唁。 造句 对你的痛苦我表示同情。 I wanted to express my sympathies on your sufferring. 知识拓展 express/feel/have sympathy for sb. 对某人表示同情 out of sympathy for 出于对的同情 have no sympathy with 不同意(情) in sympathy with 支持 即学即练 单句语法填空 He devoted himself to charity ou

8、t of sympathy for the poor. The seamen went on strike in sympathy with the dockers. He has no sympathy with them in their suffering. 知识要点3 furniture n家具 (教材 P2627) We spent hours reading, seated on the stores old but comfortable furniture. 坐在店里老旧而舒适的家具上，我们花几个小时看书。 例 1 Some of the furniture in this o

9、ld house has been gnawed away by rats. 这所老房子里的一些家具已经被老鼠咬坏了。 例 2 When she returned, she found Malcolm had rearranged all her furniture. 她回家时，发现马尔科姆把她所有的家具都重新摆放了。 造句 搬这些家具费了很大劲。 It took a lot of energy to move the furniture. 知识拓展 (1)a piece of furniture 一件家具 (2)furnish vt. 陈设；布置；装修；提供 furnish sth.with

10、 sth. 用来布置 furnish sb./sth.with sth. furnish sth.to sb./sth. 为提供某物 be furnished with 备有；安装有 (3)furnished adj. 配备家具的 即学即练 单句语法填空 She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case. Eleanor moved into a small furnished(furnish) apartment. 知识要点4 for good 永远 (教材 P27) It made me realise that the books

11、tore and all that Old Casey had given to the community could soon disappear for good. 这让我意识到书店和老凯西曾经给予社区的一切可能很快就会永远消失。 例 1 A few shots of this drug cleared up the disease for good. 注射几次这种药物就根除了这种疾病。 例 2 Keegan announced he was hanging up his boots for good. 基冈宣布自己将挂靴，永远退出足坛。 造句 要不停地提醒自己，这不会永世长存的。 Ju

12、st keep telling yourself that it wont last for good. 知识拓展 do good to sb.do sb.good 对某人有好处 It is no good doing sth. 做某事没有用处/好处 be good for 对有益 as good as 和几乎一样 即学即练 单句语法填空 Regular outdoor exercise does good to your health. It is no good trying(try) that method, because it wont work. It is not good fo

13、r him to take any wine, but he drank far too much last night. 知识要点5 take over 接管；掌管 (教材 P27) The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman who had grown up in the neighborhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey. 这场运动是由詹妮弗 奥克利领导的，她是一位在附近长大的女售货员，现 在已经从凯西手中接管了书店。 例 1 In 19

14、66, Pastor Albertz took over from him as governing mayor. 1966 年，帕斯特 艾伯茨接替他担任主管市长。 例 2 She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job. 她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。 造句 已经派人来接替他的工作。 A new person has been appointed to take over his work. 知识拓展 take up 占去(时间/空间)；从事；拿起；改 短(衣服) take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名 take

15、 in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人) take away 拿走；把带走；剥夺 take back 收回(说过的话) take down 写下；记下 take on 呈现；雇用 即学即练 单句语法填空 The reporter took down every word of the speech. I could hardly take in what you said. The village has taken on a new look thanks to the good economic policies from the government. 知识要点6 pop up 突然出现，

16、冒出来 (教材 P27) I joined Casey, who was looking up at the screen on which readers comments kept popping up. 在书店里我与凯西相见，他在看着屏幕上不断出现的读者评论。 例 1 She was startled when Lisa popped up at the door all smiles. 莉萨突然笑容满面地出现在门口时，她吓了一跳。 例 2 You solved one problem and another would immediately pop up. 你解决完一个问题，另一个问

17、题又会马上冒出来。 造句 如果鼠标移动到用户名处，下方将会弹出一张卡片。 If the mouse is moved to the users name, a card will pop up below it. 知识拓展 make up 弥补；构成；编造；组成 clear up 清理；整理；放晴；收拾 dry up 干涸；枯竭；干透；干瘪 turn up 开大；出现；来到；找到 go up 上升；上涨；建起；增长 set up 设立；建立；创立；树立 take up 占去；开始从事；占据；拿起 send up 发射；发出；射出；呈递 think up 想出；发明；设计出；编造 即学即练 单句

18、语法填空 Theyre going to send up another manmade satellite next year. It all depends on the weather clearing up 知识要点7 compete v比赛；竞争 (教材 P28) Traditional bookstores cant compete with large bookstore chains. 传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。 例 1 Several companies are competing for the contract. 为得到那项合同，几家公司正在竞争。 例 2 Hes

19、hoping to compete in the London marathon. 他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。 造句 学校之间不应该相互竞争，也不应该企图挖走彼此的学生。 Schools should not compete with each other or attempt to poach pupils. 知识拓展 (1)compete in 参加竞争；参与比赛 compete with/against sb.in sth. 在方面与竞争 compete for. 为而比赛/竞争 (2)competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competition n. 竞争 competitive

20、 adj. 竞争的 即学即练 单句语法填空 They found themselves competing with foreign companies for a share of the market. The stores have to compete for customers in the Christmas season. 小片段填空 Many firms compete with each other in their products.This firm had better products than its competitors, so it came first in

21、 the competition.(compete) 知识要点8 emphasise v强调 (教材 P29) Which of the sentences emphasises process and which emphasises result? 哪些句子强调过程，哪些强调结果？ 例 1 It is more important to involve more countries and systems and emphasise our own form. 更重要的是要让更多的国家和体系参与进来，并强调我们自己的形式。 例 2 I should emphasise that I am

22、making assumptions here. 我应该强调的是，我在这里只是假设。 造句 然而，我想强调的主要风险并不是发生一次严重事件的风险。 The main risk I want to emphasise is, however, not a big accident. 知识拓展 emphasis n 强调；重点 lay/put/place emphasis on 把重点放在；强调 即学即练 单句语法填空 The emphasis(emphasise) is very much on learning the spoken language. Grant puts a special

23、 emphasis on weather in his paintings. Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 where 引导定语从句 ( 教 材 P26) The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighbourhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books. 这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书来而 顺便进来，并与他人建立良好关系的地方。 句式分析：句中 whic

24、h 引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 the bookstore； where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a place，相当于 at which。 例 1 This is the village where I was born. 这就是我出生的小村庄。 例 2 We have reached the point where a change is needed. 我们已经到了需要改变的地步。 造句 这是我们曾经住过的地方。 This is the place where we used to live. 知识拓展 当先行词是表示地点的名词时，用关系副词 where 还是 that/whic

25、h 引导定语 从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在从句中充当状语， 则用 where 引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用 which 或 that 引导。 即学即练 This is the house where he lived last year. This is the house which/that he visited last year. 重点句式2 现在分词作定语 (教材 P27) It had a caf selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as. 它

26、有一家卖有机食品的咖啡馆，现在有更多的社区活动，如 句式分析：句中 selling organic food 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 a caf ，与 a caf之间是主谓关系。 例 1 The bottle containing the poison was sent to the laboratory. 盛毒药的瓶子被送到实验室。 例 2 The girl waiting a letter is our teachers daughter. 正在等一封信的那个女孩是我们老师的女儿。 造句 照看孩子的妇女通常按月得到报酬。 Women looking after small childr

27、en usually get paid by the month. 知识拓展 现在分词作定语和所修饰的名词之间是主动关系； 过去分词作定语和所修饰 的名词之间是被动关系。 即学即练 单句语法填空 Those elected(elect) as committee members will attend the meeting. The people working(work) with me treat me like their friend. Local people invited(invite) to attend a meeting are very pleased to share

28、 their experiences of hospital services. 教材 高考 1.I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldnt stay in business much longer. (2019 浙江卷) While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and

29、sympathy. 2.A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school. (2019 浙江卷)Its turning to a bunch of high school kids. 3.Traditional bookstores cant compete with large bookstore chains. (2019 浙江卷) Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that co

30、mpete with big trees for resources(资源). .单句语法填空 1Japan competed with other countries for world market. 2He suddenly popped up out of nowhere. 3I dropped in on him during my visit to the capital. 4Its no good taking(take) over the experience of foreign countries uncritically. 5Was it in 1948 that the

31、 Government took over the railways in Great Britain? 6The document emphasised(emphasis) the proper use of boats in small towns and villages. 7I very much appreciate your trying to find a reasonable furnished(furnish) room for me. 8He began to feel sympathy for this slightly mysterious man. 9There wa

32、s no place where we could take cover from the storm. 10Do you know the boy sitting(sit) on the right? .短语填空 pop up；take over；a bunch of；drop in；for good 1Sorry, we are late.We dropped in at a pub on the way! 2After a days fight, our soldiers succeeded in taking over some important enemy positions. 3

33、Reports on “cancer villages” have popped up frequently in recent years. 4He often hangs around with a bunch of dubious characters. 5The theater closed down for good .课文语法填空 Rainbow Bookstore was a legendary fixture in the neighbourhood. Anyone could drop 1.in and connect through their love of books.

34、A bunch of kids 2.would drop(drop) by the store after school.They looked at new books or chatted with Old Casey, who would pick the perfect books for them and encourage them 3.to share(share) their ideas and comments on the books, 4.writing(write) them on a large board in one corner of the store.But

35、 it would be closed.The community had decided to work together on a campaign, 5.led(lead) by Jennifer Oakley, to save the bookstore. Its old brick exterior hadnt changed.In one area, a book reading was being delivered.Customers can pore over shelves 6.selling(sell) stationery, posters and other best

36、sellerthemed 7.gifts(gift)The large board was replaced by a big screen, 8.where customers comments on the months best- seller were being displayed. The bookstore was turned 9.into a place for literature- loving members of the community to get together.There were more community events, where people could gather to share an experience that couldnt 10.be downloaded(download)