2021年高中英语外研版必修4课件：Module 5 .2.pptx

1、Section Grammar 一 二 一、单句改错 1.According to the radio,it can rain this evening. 2.You must have studied English for many years,didnt you? 3.We may finish our work today,or well be fined. 4.You mustnt finish the work now.Theres plenty of time. cancould/might/may didnthavent maymust mustntneednt 一 二 5.C

2、ould I use your dictionary? Yes,of course you could. 6.She told him he ought not do it. 7.I promised that I should do my best. 8.Your mother was really worried about you.You wouldnt have left home without a word. 第二句中couldcan not后加to shouldwould wouldntshouldnt 一 二 二、用正确的情态动词填空 1.We keep it a secret

3、 and never tell any other person. 2.Mr.White have arrived at 8:30 for the meeting,but he didnt show up. 3.My cats really fat. You have given her so much food. 4.He get here in time,but I cant be sure. 5.Youd better put on a heavy coat.Sometimes it be cold here at night. 6.I still remember my happy c

4、hildhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends. must should shouldnt might can would Grammar 情态动词 考点 情态动词 (一)may和might may 和 might 1.表示允许、 请求。 might 比 may 语气更客气、更委婉 Might I take the book out of the library? 我可以把这本书带出图书馆 吗? 2.表可能性,或许,大概。 might 比 may 语气更不肯 定 He may be very busy these days.

5、这些天他也许很忙。 He might come tomorrow. 明天他也许要来。 3.用 may 表祝愿 May you have a good trip! 祝你们旅途愉快! 4.may(might)as well+动词 原形:最好,不妨 You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。 may 和 might 5.may well 完全能;满可以; 很可能;表示有充分理由做 某事 You may well get angry with him. 你大可对他发脾气。 6.may在目的或让步状语从 句中构成合成谓语 Write to her at once s

6、o that she may know it in time. 马上给她写信以便她可以及时 地知道这件事。 7.may/might(not)have done 表示对过去的猜测 He may have been there before. 他以前可能去过那儿。 He might not have solved the question.他可能还没解决那个 问题。 (二)can和could can 和 could 1.表示能力,can 表示现在 的能力,could 表示过去的 能力 He could swim when he was five. 他五岁时就会游泳了。 2.疑问句中表示请求,许 可

7、 Can I use your pen?我可以用一下 你的钢笔吗?(表请求 could 比 can 更客气,语气更委婉) 3.用于肯定句,表示有时 也会 Peter can be hard to deal with at times.彼得有时会难对付。 4.用于疑问句表示惊讶、 怀疑、难以置信 How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? 他怎么会连开幕式都迟到? can 和 could 5.用于否定句中表推测 You cant be serious! 你别开玩笑了! 6.can have done 表示对过 去事情的怀疑和不

8、确定 She cannot have done it. 她不可能做了这件事。 Can she have done her homework? 她可能做完家庭作业了吗? 7.cannot.too. 越越好 You cannot be too careful while taking an exam.你考试时无论怎 么细心都不为过。 8.cannot/couldnt but 不 得不 I couldnt but choose to wait. 我只好选择等待。 can 和 could 9.用 could 表示对过去的 猜测和许可 He said he could go. 他说他可以去。 10.用c

9、ould提出委婉的请 求(答语中用 can) Could you help me carry the bag?帮我搬搬袋子好吗? Yes,I can.嗯,可以。 11.could have done 本来 能做而实际未做,表遗憾 We could have done it all so much better. 我们本可以把这一切做得更好。 (三)must must 1.must必须,应该,表责任义 务 Teachers must be patient enough with their students. 老师必须对他们的学生有足够的 耐心。 2.must 用于肯定句,表肯定 的,绝对的推测

10、 He must be working in his office. 他一定正在办公室工作。 3.must not(mustnt)表示 绝对禁止 You mustnt speak like that to your mother. 不准你那样对你母亲说话。 4.must 偏要,硬要。表示说 话人不满,甚至是生气 Why must you be so late? 你为什么非要这么晚? 5.must have done 表示对过 去的动作或状态的肯定、 绝对的推测 The ground is wet.It must have rained last night. 地面是湿的,昨晚肯定下雨了。 (四

11、)shall和should shall 1.shall 用于第一人称疑问句 中,表示征求意见 What shall we do this evening? 我们今晚干什么? 2.shall 用于第二、三人称表 示“警告、命令、允诺、威 胁”等 You shall fail in the exam,if you dont work hard.不努力学 习,你就会考试不及格。 should 1.should 应该。表义务、责 任,也可表示劝告、建议 You should always think of others before yourself. 你应当首先想到别人。 2.should 表示按常

12、规、 经验、 常理推测,可能或应该 Its nearly seven oclock.Jack should be here at any moment. 已经快七点了,杰克随时都可 能到这儿。 should 3.提出意见、请求、建议时, 可用 should 表示委婉、谦逊 的语气,意为“可,倒是” I should think you are right. 我以为你是对的。 4.Why/How+should 表示说 话人对某事感到意外、惊异 等,意为“竟会” I dont know why you should think I did it. 我不知道你为什么认为这件 事是我干的。 5.sho

13、uld have done 表示本该 做但未做 The plant is dead.Maybe I should have given it more water.这棵植物已死了,也许 我早该给它多浇点水。 (五)will和would will 1.表示意愿、 意志和决心, 用于各种人称 Tom wont do such a thing. 汤姆绝不会做这样的事情。 2.表示各种倾向或习惯 动作 Fish will die without water. 没有水鱼会死的。 3.用于疑问句中,表邀请、 请求 Will you please tell her the news when you see

14、 her? 见到她时把这 则消息告诉她好吗? 4.will 表示经常性、习惯 性,意为“难免,总是” These things will happen. 这种事难免要发生。 5.条件状语从句可用 will 表示意愿或决心 If you will read the book,Ill lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书,我会把它 借给你。 would 1.表示过去的意志、愿望 和决心 They asked him if he would go abroad.他们问他是否愿意出国。 2.委婉提出请求、建议或 看法,比 will 委婉。 肯定答 语用 will Would you li

15、ke to go with me? 你 想和我一块儿去吗? 3.表示习惯性、经常性、 倾向性,would 指过去某 个特定时期经常性的动 作 He would come to see me on Sundays when he was in Beijing. 他在北京的时候,每逢星期日他 常来看我。 would 4.在非真实条件句中,主 句可以用 would/should/could/might 加动词原形表示与现在 和将来事实不符的虚拟 语气 If he were here,he would help us. 如果他在这里,他会帮助我们的。 If it should rain tomorro

16、w,we would not go camping. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不去 野营。 5.在非真实条件句中,主 句可以用 would/should/could/might have done 表示与过去事 实不符的虚拟语气 If it had not been for his help,we would not have succeeded. 如果没有他的帮助,我们就不会 成功。 (六)need需要 need 1.need 表示“需要”或“必要”。 need 既是实义动词,又是情态 动词 He neednt do it.=He doesnt need to do it.他没有 必要做这件

17、事。 2.回答 Need I.? 肯定回答 用:Yes,you must;否定回答 用:No,you neednt/dont need to/dont have to. Need I tell you all the details?我需要把一切详情告 诉你吗? Yes,you must./No,you neednt/dont need to/dont have to.是的,你必 须。/不,你不必。 need 3.回答 Must I.?否定回答用 No,you neednt/dont need to/dont have to. Must I hand in my homework today?

18、今天我必须 交上家庭作业吗? No,you neednt/dont have to/dont need to.不,你不 必。 4.need 后接 doing 可以表被 动:need doing = need to be done The garden needs watering.= The garden needs to be watered.花园该浇水了。 5.didnt need to表示(过去)不 必做,(实际)也没做 You didnt need to come. 你没必要来。 need 6.neednt have done 表 示不必要做的事而已 经做了 You neednt ha

19、ve watered the flowers,for it is going to rain.你没有必 要浇花,因为要下雨了。 7.need have done 表示 有必要做但没有做 He need have waited for me. 他本需要等我。 (七)dare敢、胆敢 dare 1.dare 可用作情态动词。 一般用于否定 句、疑问句和条件状语从句中,后接动 词原形。作为情态动词,没有人称和数 的变化,否定形式为 darent My younger sister dare not go out alone at night.我妹妹不敢 晚上单独出去。 2.dare 用作实义动词时,

20、有人称和数的 变化,用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中, 构成否定句和疑问句要借助于助动词 do,does 和 did;同时,在否定句中,dont dare to do 中的 to 可以省略 He didnt dare(to)go home.他不敢回家。 Does he dare to walk at night?他敢走夜路 吗? dare 3.I dare say 是固定短语,意为: 我敢说,恐怕也许是。常用作插 入语 I dare say we are late for the meeting.我认为我们开会晚 了。 4.How dare you.你怎么 敢 How dare you ask m

21、e such a question? 你怎么敢问我这样的问题? 5.I dare you. 我谅你也不敢 I dare you to tell your parents! 我谅你也不敢告诉你父母! (八)ought to 应该 ought to 1.表示责任和义务, 意为“应该”,语气比 should 稍重 Everyone ought to obey the traffic rules. 人人都应该遵守交通规则。 2.表示推测,应该是, 会是有很大的可能 Han Mei ought to know his family address. 韩梅应该知道他的家庭住 址。 3.ought to h

22、ave done 本应该做但没做 I ought to have written him a letter.我本应给他写封信。 4.ought not to have done 本不应该做但 做了 He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away. 他本不应该把旧衣服扔掉。 (九)used to 过去常常 used to 1.used to 表示过去的 习惯。既可表示过去 经常发生的动作,又 可表示过去存在的 状态 He used to get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。

23、Is your father a doctor? 你父亲是一名医生吗? Yes,he used to be,but he isnt now.是 的,他以前是,但现在不是了。 used to 2.used to do 的否定 式:usednt to do 或 didnt use to do They usednt to sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story. 他们过去并不是每天晚上坐在院子里 听他的故事。 3.used to do 的疑问 式(以he为例):Did he use to do.?或 Used he to do.? Did you use to go to the same school as your brother? 你过去有没有和你的兄弟去同一所学 校?