（2020新教材）人教版高一英语必修第一册英语第一单元知识点详解.docx

1、第一部分词汇第一部分词汇 1. 识别词汇： （知道汉语意思即可，教材中标注为非重点词汇识别词汇： （知道汉语意思即可，教材中标注为非重点词汇） registration 注册 designer 设计师 annoyed 愤怒的 impression 印象 confident 自信的 take notes 记笔记 flash 光信号 organize 组织 2. 识别词汇： （识别词汇： （尽管标着黑体尽管标着黑体，但是使用频度不高但是使用频度不高，所以只要求英汉对译所以只要求英汉对译） sex 性别 female 女性 male 男性 nationality 国籍 p.m. 下午 a.m. 上午

2、 outgoing 外向的 guy 家伙 junior high school 初中 flash card 闪卡 organization 组织 senior high school 高中 campus 校园 nation 国家 lecture 讲义、 课 experiment 实验 goal 目标 strategy 策略 partner 伙伴 3. 补充词汇： （本单元中出现，但是没列在词汇表中，有些需要掌握）补充词汇： （本单元中出现，但是没列在词汇表中，有些需要掌握）。 profile 档案 situation 情形 introduction 说明 greetings 问候 alive

3、活着的 alone 单独的 nervous 焦虑的 subject 科目/主观/主语 object 物体/客观/宾语 analyse 分析 active 活跃的 feature 特点 feedback 反馈 draft 草稿 similar 相似的 1). 本组词汇中本组词汇中 situation 是定语从句中常考词汇，与之类似的词汇是定语从句中常考词汇，与之类似的词汇 scene, atmosphere, field, company, race, activity, condition, stage, degree, level, case, system,等。等。 We will ent

4、er a future _ everyone will be equipped with an robot. 注释：将注释：将 future 抽象为地点，定语从句的连词用抽象为地点，定语从句的连词用 where。 2). 常见表语形容词常见表语形容词 alive, awake, asleep, ill, present, worth, well, afraid, ashamed, aware, content, sorry, fond, glad, 等。等。 3). 固定搭配形式：固定搭配形式： be active in, be similar to 4). 常见复数名词：常见复数名词：gre

5、etings, thanks, regards, wishes, goods, people, congratulations, 4. 黑体词汇黑体词汇 1). 列举掌握列举掌握(要求掌握所列举内容要求掌握所列举内容)： company 名词：公司/陪伴 -以下例句均来自网络字典，请试着翻译下面的句子。 The company has doubled its size in 9 years. 9 年来_扩大了一倍。 (公司) Dont mention it. Ive really enjoyed your company. 不要客气，我非常喜欢_。 (和你待在一起/你的陪伴) I asked

6、Benny to keep my son company while I went shopping. 我请本尼在我购物的时候_。 (陪伴我的儿子/和我儿子待在一起) anxious，形容词，忧虑的，焦虑的。翻译下面的句子。 Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. _，所以我的注意力一次都不能集中超过 1 小时。 (因为我总是焦虑) Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanin

7、gs of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. _，护士和其他医护工作者需要了解无声可能所代表的含义。(当他们遇到病人所患的焦虑症时) Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. 我_，幻想着在这个充满魔力的山顶上有可能会遇到的东西。 (焦虑不安地躺倒床上) senior，形容词，高级的，年长的，注意本词没有比较级和

8、最高级。翻译下面的句子。 Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. _及残疾人可以半价搭乘。 (65 岁以上的老人) Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything, explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher. Katy Janda，UKERC 的_解释说，科技只能去辅助而不能替代做所有事情。 (一位高级研究员) Moreov

9、er, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses. 此外，我修完了基础电脑的_以及 5 门与之相关的大学预科课程。 (高级课程) He is senior to me, though he is younger. 尽管他比我小，但是_。(字典例句) (他职位比我高) awkward， 形容词，怯懦的，胆小的。 Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and

10、 challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary. 我们没人开腔更有可能是因为我们_或是觉得跟人聊天有挑战性， 亦或是因为我厌恶或觉得没必要和陌 生人说话。 (胆小) In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. 在这种情况下，最好的解决方案就是发一个及时、轻松的道歉信息去解释你自己的_。 (怯懦) I had never considered before how_4

11、0_ it would be to use one. (高考完形填空试题) A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting 我以前从没想到(使用轮椅)会是如此的_。 (笨拙) revise, 动词，表示修正，只要能在语境中翻译出意思即可。 The old rules have to be _ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A. developed B. established C

12、. observed D. revised curious，形容词，好奇的。注意本词的各种变形。 Although it doesnt taste of anything special, its still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cats Head which is more of a _(curious) than anything else. (curiosity) 尽管尝起来没有任何特别，但是它仍就值得一尝，因为它是坑洼的丑苹果，一个令人感到好奇的品种。 Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human ba

13、bies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds.-翻译句子 也许进化论本身就赋予婴儿_和本能去解释他们的世界。 (好奇心) In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. 到了高年级，我对电脑学_，并创建了自己的网站。 (产生了兴趣) The people in the hall seemed very nosy, keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. 大厅里

14、的人好像很爱窥探，_看着我。 (用好奇的眼神) personality, 名词，人格，品格。本词要注意词形变化以及词语搭配。请根据句子含义填入适当的词形。 In that case, ask to speak in_( person) as soon as possible and say sorry. (person) 要那样的话，尽可能快的请求面谈道歉。 Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their _(p

15、erson) wealth. (personal) 当时，一代成功的美国企业家们都梦想着用一种新的艺术形式来表达他们的私人财富。 You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your _(person). (personality) 你可以选择花样菜谱、诱人的色彩、精美的食材去创设一个不仅仅是厨房的氛围，它也是你人

16、格的一个映像。 Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption （豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they _(person) object to a vaccine. (personally) 17 个州允许父母拥有豁免权，有时候仅仅就是签署一个文件声明他们本人反对疫苗注射。 Your training course should help you bring out your _(person), not try to turn you into someone youre n

17、ot. 你的训练课程会帮你展现你的个性，不要强迫自己变成不喜欢的自己。 (personality) confidence,名词，信心。本词重点关注的是词形变化、固定搭配。 An evening with Simon will give you the _(confident) to be funny. (confidence) 和西蒙待一个晚上就会让你有幽默的自信。 Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence. -翻译。 童年的活动有助孩子责任

18、感、独立性、_和竞争力的培养。 (自信心) “I feel more confident _ my actions now,” Taylor says. (in) 泰勒说：“我现在感觉在行动上更有信心了。” Hit the streets _confidence. (with) 自信地去采访吧。 （因为记者的工作经常是在大街上采访他人） Having confidence _yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-bei

19、ng. (in) 自信会帮你做出更好的选择因为你能知道什么最佳结果对你健康有益。 Having survived that night, we were 39 that everything else would be all right. A. satisfied B. determined C. confident D. aware 熬过了那个晚上，我们相信其他所有的事情都会好的。 At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he _ as she was so confident about her

20、 skills. A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up 起初，罗伯特不想让自己的女儿浅水，但是最后他让步了当他看到女儿对自己的技巧那么自信的时候。 at least 至少，重在理解句子的含义。 The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. 真正的

21、问题在于某些行人看起来，至少在某一时刻，他们自我的世界远重要于他人的利益。 Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look 19 . 19. A. at least B. at most C. at times D. at hand 尽管她的描述听起来很棒，价钱还是超出了我们的预期，所以我们拒绝了。但是她却催促我们至少可以去看看房 子。 what if 翻译句子。 What if th

22、ey talked a long time about a painting you werent that interested in? _(如果他们喋喋不休地谈论你所不感兴趣的画该怎么办？) But what if the picture you are asked to paint is three stories high, two city blocks long and one block wide? _ (但是如果你被要求去作一幅 3 层楼高、2 个街区长、1 个街区那么宽的画你会有什么感觉？) What would she think if she knew that her

23、figure is captured and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? What if she knew that her figure is captured and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? _ (如果这位女士知道她的身影被捕捉到并被固定到一个陌生人人的卧室墙上她会怎么想？) forward,副词，主要和动词连用形成成语。比如： Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possibl

24、e but not easy. 解决好安全问题以改进人工智能看起来是可能的但却又不容易。 I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. 我期待着看到更多的人接受这些观点，有更多的参与者去讨论这些观点。 But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. 但是当时没人过来帮忙，所以 Taylor 跑到 Paris 身边马上给他实

25、施心肺复苏救护。 The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. (16 天津) A. whether B. that C. which D. what 经理提议我们得找帮手了，因为活儿太多了。 2). 活用词汇 explore 动词，在不同的语境中可以有不同的含义。 Londons Boris bikes have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar p

26、rograms that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs. 伦敦的“鲍里斯自行车租赁”已经吸引了最多的眼球，但是别的城市也有类似的服务可以让你租一辆自行车以自己 的速度去探索城市，既省了你的交通费又省了停车费。 Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort-the desire to explore, explain, and understand our

27、 world-is simply something that comes from our babyhood. 心理学家早就提出，科学作为一种成就-让人去探索、解释、理解世界的动力，是简单而言是自从我们孩童时代 就有的。 To Mr. Sauven, these ecosystem services far outweigh the gains from exploitation. 在 Sauven 先生看来，这些生态功能远远重于开发所得。 While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. 我正在满族自己的好奇心时，我的疾病变

28、的严重了。 She spent some time with me before leaving me to 52 alone. A. digest B. explore C. perform D. calculate exchange 动词， Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth. 也许邻居只是碰巧听到这种呼喊。所以信息被交互传递了，但是这不是一种真实的、有意

29、的往复过程。 Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship. 意大利是最早通过要求语言能力来换取工作许可或者在某些情况下居民身份来限制移民数量的西欧国家。 Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate i

30、n an exchange study program. 去年春天，我有幸被选中参加一次交换学习的活动。 He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 18 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave). (for, was left) 他到附近的镇子把一些牛奶要么卖要么换点其他的食物，而用所剩的牛奶为家人做一些奶酪和黄油。 register With a registration fee of just $50 per c

31、hild, children under the age of 12 can join Eagle Airways FLY TO THE MOON CLUB as members. 每人花 50 美元的注册费，12 岁以下的儿童可以成为“Eagle Airways FLY TO THE MOON CLUB”俱乐部成员。 Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. 参与者可以到达预定地点登记一下他们有的或是乐意分享的书籍。 The following term, I 56 an A

32、SL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated 下一个学期，我选修了手语课。教授失聪所以任何语言交流都被禁止的。 design Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postca

33、rds, china, jewellery, and childrens toys. 商店出售各种各样关于“皇家收藏”的纪念品，包括书籍、明信片、瓷器、首饰和儿童玩具等。 They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. 他们喷洒香水为的是吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫又是来犯者的天敌。 Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack o

34、n the pounds or keep them off.专家说， 你的家装方式可以让你在是否减肥还是长胖的方面起重要作用。 Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution. 高级 的灯泡、发动机和建筑设计已经帮助节约了好多能源进而防止污染。 Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 1 to live no longer than

35、120 years. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered 大多数研究高龄的科学家都认为人体预计最长能到 120 岁。 Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 在过去的几年里，出现了好多不同的的技巧帮助设计者去贴近这个重要观点。 formal The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by

36、 last name. 瑞士人倾向于正规的方式而且相互以姓氏称呼对方。 It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal.(名词-网络字典例句。) 过了好多天洪水退去人们的生活恢复正常。 annoy Since the 1840s,to bug has long meant to cheat and since the 1940s it has been annoying. 自从 19 世纪 40 年代，“to bug”表示“欺骗”而自 20 世纪 40 年代起这个词已经变成是“令人烦恼的”意思

37、。 It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. 令 Welty 烦恼的是在 78 岁的时候，她的左耳已经丧失听力。 But her cold voice really 48 me. I sometimes wished to 49 another agent. 48. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused 49. A. promote B. train C. find D. know 但是她冰冷的语调让我着实不高兴，有时我都想找另外一个代理商。 fri

38、ghtened Dont let fitness frighten you! 不要让健身吓到你！ A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed. 突然停止有时会是一个非常可怕的经历，尤其是如果你在高速行驶的过程中。 Im not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 我不确信是我还是那个

39、突然冒出来的母大猩猩更害怕。 impress He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. 本杰明的画给他留下了深刻印象。 Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. 好多人通过你桌上的小装置对你形成有了各种各样的印象。 Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make a good 38 . A

40、. conclusion B. suggestion C. impression D observation 此外，我还要结识好多新人，精心熨烫过的衣服能帮我给人留下一个好的印象。 My wheelchair experiment was soon finished. It made a deep impression on me. 我的这次坐轮椅的经历很快就结束了。这次经历给我留下了深刻的印象。 A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威). 更粗的线条，在另外一

41、方面，给人留下自信和权威的印象。 That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt an impressive lesson about gravity! 那天我并没学到很多关于动物、昆虫或者树木的知识，但是我却上了一堂印象深刻关于重力的课。 concentrate on So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. 因此，趁着我们还行，我们该集中精力教孩子们一些真正有

42、用的东西。 Because of his familys Jewish background, they are sent to live in the concentration camps. 因为他们家是犹太人的背景，他们被关押到一个集中营居住。 Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. 其他的暖气在不均匀的给房间供热，因为大多数的暖气都把热量集向房间的中心区域。 Its also important to know how to avoid

43、 daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. 当你真需要集中精力的时候，如何避免在这时候走神也是很重要的。 The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. 机器人近出局的可能性应该集中指向电脑科学家们的思维。 alone At first, I just wanted to get my 39 and be left alone. 39. A.

44、 balance B. homework C. degree D. interest 起初我只想得到自己的学位而不受任何打扰。 That was why she was alone on the beach, wearing an expensive swimsuit. 那就是为什么就她一个人在沙滩上，穿着昂贵的游泳衣。 When they told her that it was too dangerous to go diving 42 , Dangerous? she had said. A. alone B. away C. again D. aside 当他们告诉她一个人浅水太危险时，她说“危险？” My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. 我的丈夫接到命令去执行项长时间的任务，而我被一个人留在了一个小棚屋里。 In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash. 仅仅在 2007 年一年就有 2945 人捡了 42330 磅垃圾。 The worms chewing alone was not responsible for the