2020人教版-新教材高中英语必修第一册Unit4单词练案.doc

1、 高中英语新教材人教版高中英语新教材人教版 Book1 Unit4 词汇词汇练案练案 I. Fill in the blanks with proper words 1. rescue What are the _ workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？ They were _ by helicopter.他们被直升机救走了。 Ten fishermen were saved in a sea _.在一次海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。 Many people burst into tears wh

2、en a _ carried a girl out of the ruins. 当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。 Internet _ camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen. 韩国和中国的网络救援营试图拯救沉溺于手机的小孩。 Firefighters rescued a child _ a burning building. 消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。 2. damage The earthquake caused serious _ to the

3、house.地震给这所房子造成了严重的损坏。 Which buildings were _ in Seoul？ 首尔哪些建筑物受损？ Smoking seriously _ your health. 吸烟严重损害健康。 The fire badly _ the town hall. 火灾使市政厅遭到严重破坏。 The storm didnt _ much damage to crops. 暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。 3. destroy Nearly everything in the city _. 城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。 Theyve _ all the evidence. 他们

4、销毁了一切证据。 Heat gradually _ vitamin C. 加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。 You have _ my hopes of happiness.你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。 A man can _ but not defeated. 人可以被毁灭，但无法被打败。 Those already sold are to be recalled for repair, replacement or _. 已经销售的要召回修理、替换或销毁。 4. death Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many childre

5、n _ of common childhood diseases. (2015广东) 在现代医学改变自然法则之前，许多儿童死于常见的儿童疾病。 You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of _ early by running.(2018全国) 你可以喝酒，吸烟，肥胖，但通过跑步你仍然可以降低死亡率。 Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was _.(2015 陕西) 当Holdern先生度假回到家时，他很伤

6、心，因为他确信的自己的宠物已经死了。 He thought that Joe must be _, but he didnt want to leave immediately.(2014 全国I） 他认为Joe一定死了，但他不想立刻离开。 It should not cause _ traffic accidents.(2017天津) 这不应该导致致命的交通事故。 The _ and what you need to apply depend on the program.(2019全国卷I) 最后期限以及你需要申请些什么取决于项目。 I knew it was the difference

7、 between life and _(2017北京卷) 我知道这是生与死之间的差别。 Only five years after Steve Jobs _, smartphones defeated conventional PCs in sales.(2017江苏) 仅在 Steve Jobs去世五年后，智能手机就在销售量上击败了传统电脑。 5. affect A bad home environment can_a childs healthy growth.不良的家庭环境能影响儿童的健康成长。 The thoughts and behaviors of a teacher will _

8、 those of his pupils. 教师的思想和言行将影响到其学生的品质。 The illness has _ both her mental and physical health. 这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。 They were deeply _ by the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使他们悲伤不已。 You might also begin to notice the _ not only on your health but in your pocket.(2018 浙江卷) 你可能也会开始注意到，它不仅对你的健康，而且对你的经济都有影响 The w

9、eather _, both good and bad, are felt in many places.(2016 江苏卷) 天气的影响，无论好的还是坏的，在很多地方都能察觉到。 Your house may have an effect _ your figure.(2015 全国 II) 你的住处可能对你 的身材有影响。 Headaches are one of the _ effects of the drug. 头痛是这种药物的副作用之一。 They have reduced pollution through _ measures.(2014全国卷) So far there is

10、 no _ way to get rid of it.(2018北京卷) 到目前为止还没有有效的方 法摆脱它。 There are actually healthier ways that can work just as _.(2015重庆卷) 实际上有更加健康而且同样有效的方法。 Regardless of your choice of course, youll develop your language ability both quickly and _.(2016 天津卷) 无论你选的那一门课，你都能迅速而有效地培养你的语言能力。 When communication become

11、s more _, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to.(2014江西卷) 当交流变得更加高效时， 人们就可以随时随地彼此联系。 Now that Chicagos waste water was draining _ into the Chicago River, the citys next step was to clean the polluted river. (2015 湖南卷) 既然芝加哥市的废水更高效地排入了芝加哥河，

12、该市的下一步举措就是治理这条被污染的河 流。 Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your_ and emotions.(2014湖南卷)理解你自己的需求与交流风格就像学会表达你 的喜爱与感情一样重要。 6. shelter Workers built _ for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 People were running for t

13、he shelter _ the storm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。 Many are sleeping in the open because they have no _. 很多人因为没有栖身之所，只好露宿在外。 Perhaps I _ my daughter too much. 也许我对女儿保护过度了。 Some parents want to shelter their children _ any harm. 一些父母想要保护他们的孩子不受一点伤害。 7. crack There were deep _ that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出

14、现了深深的裂缝。 This cup has a _ in it. 这杯子有一道裂痕。 The glass will _ if you pour hot water into it. 别往玻璃杯里倒热水，不然会烫裂杯子。 The ice _ as I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了。 The little boy failed _ the walnut. 小男孩没能砸开核桃。 She dropped a plate and _ it this morning. 今天早上她把一个盘子掉在地上打破了。 8. as if It seemed as if the world _(be)

15、 coming to an end. 世界似乎要到末日！ It seems as if our team _(be) going to win. 看来我们队要胜了。 She stood at the gate as if she _(be) waiting for someone. 她站在门口好像在等人。 Some people like to talk about film stars personal life as if they _(be) close friends. 一些人喜欢谈论影星的私生活，好像他们是亲密朋友。 She loves the boy as if she _(be)

16、 his mother. 这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。 It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _(do) it? 打破窗子的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破的。 He walked in as if he_(buy) the school.（2012 广东） 9. ruin The bad weather _ our trip. 坏天气毁了我们的旅行. My new shoes got _ in the mud. 我的新鞋被泥浆毁了。 The crops _ by the heavy r

17、ain. 农作物被大雨全毁了。 Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but _. 幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。 The house has fallen _ ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。 Drinking was the _ of him. 酗酒毁了他。 In less than one minute, a large city lay _. 在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。 The castle now lies _. 这个城堡现在已成为一片废墟。 destroy/damage/ruin The ear

18、thquake _ almost the whole town. 地震几乎毁灭了整个城镇。 His hope of being a writer was _. 他想成为一个作家的希望破灭了。 Hundreds of houses in the area were _ by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了这个地区数以百计的房屋。 The accident did a lot of _ to his car. 这次车祸使他的车受到很大的损坏。 The floods _ many precious paintings. 这次水灾毁坏了很多珍贵的画。 Youll _ your health if

19、you go on like this. 这样下去你会毁了你的身体的。 10. shock The little boy was speechless with shock. 那小男孩_得说不出话来。 He has never recovered from the shock of his wifes death. 他从未从妻子去世的_中恢复过来。 Dont touch that wire or youll get a shock . 别碰那根电线，不然你会_的。 People were in _and then, later that afternoon, another big quake

20、 shook Tangshan again. 人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。 The news of his death _ all of us.他死亡的消息我们所有的人都感到震惊。 Everyone in the street _ by the news. 街上所有的人都被那条消息震惊了。 She is still _ shock after the accident. 事故发生后到现在，她仍然处于休克状态。 I was _ to hear the _news. 听到这个令人震惊的消息，我感到很震惊。 11. trap The thick smoke and fl

21、ames _ people upstairs. 浓烟和火焰把人们困在了楼上。 The children _ in the burning building were saved at last. 被困在燃烧着的楼房里的孩子们最后得救了。 A fox was caught in a _. 一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。 Some women see marriage as a _. 有些妇女把婚姻视作围城。 Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who _ and to bur

22、y the dead. 地震后不久，部队派了15 万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。 Some of the workers _ the ruins. 有些工人被困在废墟中。 They trapped her _ marrying their son. 他们诱使她嫁给他们的儿子。 12. bury / beri / vt. 掩埋；埋葬掩埋；埋葬 破拆法：破拆法：bu(不不)+r(让让)+y(养养) 助记：助记：既然不让养，就把它埋了吧。既然不让养，就把它埋了吧。 He died at the age of 80 and was _ in his homeland. 他80岁去世了

23、，被安葬在他的家乡。 I was looking for my handbag, which _ under a pile of old newspapers. 我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。 He buried his face _ his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。 She had learnt _ her feelings. 她已经学会了感情不外露。 My father buried his head / himself _ his newspaper. = My father _ his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。 _ my boo

24、k, I didnt realize it was raining. 我专心致志地看书，没注意到下雨了。 13. breathe Slowly, the city began to _ again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。 Its good for the health _ deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。 Most people dont realize that they are _ polluted air. 大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。 You can see peoples _ on a cold day. 冷天能看到人们呼出的空气。 She _ a

25、deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。 By mile 17, I became out of _ and the once injured ankle hurt badly. (2018 北京) 跑到 17 英里的时候，我变得上气不接下气，受伤的脚踝疼的要命。 I paused to _ my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama(全景).(2017 天津) 我停下来恢复呼吸，并找好位置去拍一幅最佳的全景照。 14. effort With strong support fro

26、m the government and the tireless _ of the city, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。 You should put more _ into your work. 你应该更加努力地工作。 All my _ ended in failure . 我的一切努力最后都无济于事。 A winner is one with _ great effort of will. 成功者是有着强大努力意志的人。 (2018 北京

27、) So I_ an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. 所以当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到守时。 He was_ an effort to control himself. 他努力控制自己的情绪。 These flowers, with or without human care, whether or not some people appreciate, always _every effort to open their flowers. 这些花儿，不管有没有人在意，不管是不是有人 欣赏，总是要竭尽全力开出自己的花朵。 Dear fe

28、llow students, lets start right now and _ no effort to do a little bit every day, every hour, and every minute! 亲爱的同学们，让我们从现在起，每一天，每一小时，每一分钟，都不遗余力地做一点贡献 ！ 15. suffer Within a few days she had become seriously ill and _ great pain. 几天的时间，她就病得很严重了，疼痛难忍。 The company _ heavy losses last year. 公司去年出现巨额亏损

29、。 They _ terribly when their son was killed. 儿子遇难之后，他们悲痛欲绝。 At least he died suddenly and didnt _. 起码他死得很突然，没遭受痛苦。 He suffered _ poor eyesight and could no longer read properly. 他视力不好，再也不能正常阅读了。 Some were found alive, though they were _ from terrible injuries. 有些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受到了严重的伤。 He appears to be

30、 strong and healthy , but he suffers _ heart disease. 他看上去强健, 其实他患有心脏病。 This new cancer treatment offers hope to many _. 这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。 We must bring _ and hunger to an end in the world.我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。 A man who fears _ is already suffering from what he fears. 害怕承受痛苦的人，他已经在承受害怕本身所带来的痛苦了。 16. su

31、pply Russia supplies the European countries _ natural gas. = Russia supplies natural gas _ the European countries. 俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。 The supplies which _ to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。 Our water _ has been cut off. 我们断水了。 Books were _ short supply.书籍供应短缺

32、。 17. survive Shes feeding the baby who _ the earthquake她正在喂养地震中幸存的婴儿。 Many birds didnt _ the cold winter. 很多鸟死于这次严冬。 She survived her husband _ ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two _. 因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。 Companies must be able _ in the marketplace. 公司必须有能力在市场竞

33、争中生存下去。 Some strange customs have survived _ earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。 I cant survive _ 40 a week. 一星期40 英镑，我无法维持生活。 Everywhere _ looked, there was nothing but ruins. 幸存者们无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。 Many firms will die, but the _ will get stronger than before. 许多公司将会倒闭，但是幸存下来的会更强大。 I think life is a str

34、uggle for _. 我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。 If cancers are found early theres a high chance of _. 如果癌症在早期发现的话，存活的几率会很高。 18. calm We should _ calm in the face of danger.我们在危险面前要保持镇静. You will go somewhere quiet to calm your friend _.去个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。 He took a deep breath to calm _ down他深吸了一口气使自己平静下来。 Gradually I

35、 _ down and lost my anxiety.我渐渐平静了下来，忘掉了焦虑。 Its a hot and _ day. Id rather stay at home than go out. 天气炎热无风，我宁可待在家里也不想出门。 In an emergency, she is always _. 在紧急关头，她通常很冷静。 The street is _ at midnight. 深夜的街道非常安静。 The girl is _ and popular. 这个女孩很文静，很受欢迎。 The man is very strange and _. 这个男人非常奇怪，而且少言寡语。 W

36、hen asked about the accident, he stayed _. 当被问起这起事故时，他保持了沉默。 The _ butterflies look like flowers. 那些静止的蝴蝶看起来像花朵。 I like to sit in front of the door and overlook the _ lake. 我喜欢坐在门前，远眺平静的湖面。 Keys:keep/stay/remain, down, himself, calmed, calm, calm, quiet, quiet, silent, silent, still, still/calm 19.

37、strike The undersea quake _ around 7:00. 海底地震发生在 7 点左右。 The ship _ a rock. 船触礁了。 The child ran into the road and _ by a car. 孩子跑到公路上给车撞了。 _ while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 They went _ for more money. 他们为了得到更多的钱而罢工。 The workers _ were all fired. 罢工工人都被解雇了。 It suddenly _ me how we could improve the situa

38、tion. 我一下子明白我们如何能改善局面了。 20. deliver/dlv(r)/ vt. died, dying, dead, dead, deadly, deadlines, death, death 5. Keys:affect, affect, affected, affected, effects, effects, on, side, effective, effective, effectively, effectively, efficient, efficiently, affection 6. Keys:shelters, from, shelters, shelter

39、ed, from 7. Keys:cracks, crack, crack, cracked, to crack, cracked 8. Keys:were, is, was, were, were, had done, had bought 9. Keys:ruined, ruined, were ruined, ruins, into, ruin, in ruins, in ruins, destroyed, destroyed, damaged, damage, ruined, ruin 10. Keys:震惊，打击，触电，shock, shocked, was shocked, in,

40、 shocked, shocking 11. Keys:trapped, trapped, trap, trap, were trapped, were trapped in, into 12. Keys: buried, was buried, in, to bury, in, was buried in, Buried in 13. Keys:breathe, to breathe, breathing, breath, took, breath, caught 14. Keys: efforts, efforts, efforts, a, make, making, make, spar

41、e 15. Keys: suffered, suffered, suffered, suffer, from, suffering, from, sufferers, suffering, suffering 16. Key: with, to, were supplied, supply, in 17. Keys: survived, survive, by, survived, to survive, from, on, survivors, survivors, survival, survival 18. Keys:keep/stay/remain, down, himself, ca

42、lmed, calm, calm, quiet, quiet, silent, silent, still, still/calm 19. Keys:struck, struck, was struck, Strike, on strike, on strike, struck 20. Keys: deliver, delivered, to deliver, deliver, to deliver, of I. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of the given phrases. Keys:as if, in the open air, am buried in, in ruins,have an effect on, in shock, be trapped in, In summary, slide into, hold one s breath, suffer from, came to power, make an effort, shelter.from, with the aid of, were swept away,on strike, a flood of