1、,宾语从句,宾语从句的定义,在复合句中，充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在某些动词，形容词和介词之后都可以带有宾语从句。,宾语从句的三要素,1. 引导词 （that+陈述句， if + 一般疑问句, 特殊疑问词+疑问句） 2. 语序 （陈述语序） 3. 时态 （一致）,宾语从句的引导词,引导宾语从句的连词有that（that在口语中常省略），whether，if，what，which，who，whom，when，where，how，why等。对引导词的选择要注意以下三点： 1.陈述句变为宾语从句时，引导词用that，在口语中that常省略，无实义。如：,He says , “I like liste
2、ning to music.” 他说：“我喜欢听音乐。” - He says (that)he likes listening to music. 他说他喜欢听音乐。 2.一般疑问句变宾语从句时，引导词用if或whether，意为“是否”，当从句中含有or not时，则只能用whether。如： Mum asks me, “Will you go shopping with me ?” 妈妈问我，“你和我一起去买东西吗？”,- Mum asks me if I will go shopping with her . 妈妈问我是否要和她一起去买东西。 3.特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词作
3、引导词。如： She asks, “Where is Tom ?” 她问：“汤姆在哪里？” -She asks where Tom is. 她问汤姆在哪里。,1.(2016,包头）Its amazing! I cant believe _you could make it to the top in such a short time! A. Which B. what C. that D. if 2.(2016,南京）Are you going camping this afternoon? A typhoon is coming .Im not sure_ the road to the
4、mountain will be closed. A. which B. what C. whether D. why,C,C,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的语序有一个特点：无论主句是什么句式,宾语从句必须用陈述语序（即：主语+谓语+其他）。如： 1.Why didnt he eat breakfast? I asked. -I asked why he didnt eat breakfast . 2.When will we meet ? Can you tell me? - Can you tell me when we will meet . 3.Where does she live ?
5、Do you know ? -Do you know where she lives ?,注意：一些特殊疑问句是针对主语进行提问的句子，语序保持不变。,1.Who is singing in the room ? Do you know? -Do you know who is singing in the room ? 2.Whats wrong with my computer? I dont know. -I dont know whats wrong with my computer. 3.What happened to you ? I wonder . -I wonder what
6、 happened to you .,4. What was in the box ? He asked me . -He asked me what was in the box. 5. Which is the best ? Could you tell me ? -Could you tell me which is the best ?,(2016,玉林）Excuse me. Can you tell me _ change some money, please? - Of course. Walk along the street to the end and you can fin
7、d a bank. A. where I can B. where can I C. where I was able to D. where was I able to,A,宾语从句的时态,1.当主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时时，从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以按需要使用任何时态。如： (1).He will be back in a few days . I hear. -I hear he will be back in a few days . (2).He came back a few days ago. I hear. -I hear he came back a f
8、ew days ago.,2.当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。如： (1).Will you go shopping with me ? He asked me. -He asked me if I would go shopping with him. (2).She is taller than before. She said. -She said she was taller than before.,注 意 :,当主句为could you tell me 时，could表婉转客气的语气，并不表示过去时态。如： Where can I buy some fruit ? C
9、ould you tell me ? - Could you tell me where I can buy some fruit ?,4.当主句谓语动词为believe ,think ,suppose 等时，要表达从句意义上的否定，一般将believe ,think , suppose 变成否定形式。如： （1).He cant run as fast as Liu Xiang .I believe. I dont believe he can run as fast as Liu Xiang. (2).You arent right. I think. I dont think you a
10、re right.,宾语从句与简单句的转换,当宾语从句由连接词when，where ,who，which，what ,why ,whose 等引导，并且前后两个分句的逻辑主语相同时，可以转化成“连接词+动词不定式”形式，从而由一个复合句变成一个以动词不定式作宾语的简单句。如： （1）.She doesnt know what she should do next. -She doesnt know what to do next. (2).Please show me how I use the machine. - Please show me how to use the machine.
11、,宾语从句的标点,宾语从句中的标点符号取决于主句的句式，于从句无关，主句是陈述句，句末用句号；主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。如： 1.I dont know where he lives . 2 Do you know he is a doctor ?,中考适应性训练,1.(2016,资阳）You can get to know _ your children really want by communicating with them. A. whether B. what C. how D. which 2.（2016，天津）Could you tell me _you will go to
12、 Paris? Next month. A. what B. where C. when D. how 3.(2016,白银）I told the teacher _ I had seen. A. what B. which C. where D.that,B,C,A,4.(2016,宿迁）Could you please tell me _ ? - Ok. I will go to Beijing next week. A. where will you go B. how you will go to Beijing C. when you will go to Beijing D. wh
13、y will you go to Beijing 5.(2016,保定调研卷）Its hard to believe _ the way out of the big mountain without a guide. A. how they were able to find B. why were they able to see C. what they were able to find D. where were they able to see,C,A,6. (2016,南宁）Could you please tell me _? At 8:00 p.m. A. when will
14、 the train leave B. when the train will leave C. where will the train leave D. where the train will leave 7.(2016,铜仁）Could you tell me _ ? - Size M. What time is it B. what color it is C. what shape it is D. what size it is,B,D,河北中考预测,1.He got a new car last month . But I dont know _ he paid for it
15、. A. what B. how many C. how much D. where 2. I hear they are going to London, but I dont know _ they will stay there. how soon B. how often C. how long D. how many 3.Steven asked me _ I would like to watch a movie with him. A. what B. if C. how D. who,C,C,B,4.Do you know _ just now ? Yes. They want
16、ed to catch the last bus. A. why were they in a hurry B. why they were in a hurry C. how did they go D. how they went 5. Your hat looks cute .Could you tell me _? where you bought B. where did you buy it C. where you buy it D. where do you buy it,B,A,6. Could you tell me _ ? -I made it with my uncle
17、s help. How did you make it B. how you made it who did you make it for D. who you made it for 7.Do you know _? In three days When will they go to the Science Museum B. how long they have been in New York C. How soon they will go to see the children left at home D. What time will they attend the meeting,B,C,Homework,Finish the exercises of activity books.,Good bye,
