1、动词的时态 初中英语语法初中英语语法 用下列动词的适当形式填空 1.I _ ( get ) up at 6 oclock every day. 2.My father _ (have) a lovely dog. 3.He _ (go ) to school on foot. 4.She _ (do ) not like watching TV. 5.They _ (play) football every Sunday afternoon. 1. Mary and Lucy are _ (dance) now. 2. Listen! Someone is _ (play) the piano
2、 in the next room. 6. She often _ (dance) after school. 8. My sister is _ (fly) a kite in the garden. 9. We are _ (watch) TV now. 10. Be quiet ! The baby _ _ (sleep) now. get has goes does play dancing playing dances flying watching issleeping 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually
3、 ,often, once a week, every day, on Sundays 一般现在时-句型变化 ? 1） be动词. Danny is a good student. 陈述句 ? Danny isnt a good student. 否定句 ? Is Danny a good student? 一般疑问句 ? 其时间状语为often（经常）、 usually（通常 ）、 always（总是）、 sometimes（有时）等频率 副词，on Saturdays（在星期六）、 in the morning(afternoon evening)（在早上（下午 晚上） ） 、every
4、day（每天） 等。 一般现在时-句型变化 ? 表示动作 行为动词. ? 1)第一人称作主语的 ? 变否定句须在动词前加助动词dont； ? 变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 ? 例如：They have lunch at 12:00. 陈述句 ? They dont have lunch at 12:00. 否定句 ? ? Do they have lunch at 12:00? 一般疑问句 ? 一般现在时-句型变化 ? 2）第三人称做主语的 ? 变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesnt； ? 变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。 ? 例如： Jenny speaks English ve
5、ry well. 陈述句 Jenny doesnt speak English very well. 否定句 Does Jenny speak English very well? 一般疑问句 1.The twins _(wash) the clothes every day. 2.Sometimes he _ (play) basketball over there. 3.How often _ Sally _(sing)? wash plays doessing 专项练习 ? 1 I can take Li Ming there when he _ ( come) to visit. ?
6、2 _your sister_(know)English? ? 3 Her home_ _ _(远离 )her school. ? 4 The pot_(not look) like yours very much. ? 5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day? ? 6 Who_(想要 )to go swimming? ? 7 _she_(do) the housework every day? ? 8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon . 一般过去时: Past Simple 概念: 表示
7、过去发生的动作 结构: did 标志语：yesterday、. ago、 in 1992、 last week/month 动词-ed形式的构成： 在动词后加-ed 以字母e 结尾的动 词，只+d “ 辅音字母+y ” ， 变y 为i, 再+ed 重读闭音节以一个 辅音字母结尾的， 双写+ed want answer move die carry cry stop plan wanted moved died carried cried stopped planned answered got drank took wentswam ate cut were had didcame saids
8、aw put gettake goswim eatdrink arehave docome cutput saysee 1.The twins _(wash) the clothes yesterday. 2.The day before yesterday he _ (play) basketball over there. 3._ Sally _(sing) two hours ago? washed played Didsing 现在进行时: Present Progressive 概念: 表示现在正在发生的动作 结构: be (is, am, are) + doing 标志语： Loo
9、k! 、 Listen! 、now 一般在动词原形后 +ing 以不发音的e结尾 的，去e，+ing 重读闭音节以一个 辅音字母结尾的， 双写这一字母+ing 动词-ing形式的构成： writing taking getting running swimming goinggo ask write take get run swim asking 1.The twins _(wash) the clothes now. 2.Look! He _ (play) basketball over there. 3.Listen! _ Sally _(sing)? are washing is pl
10、aying Is singing 概念：表示将要发生的的动作或存在的状态以及打算、计划或准备做某事。 句子一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next.(time, day, week,month,year), this afternoon/evening, the day after tomorrow, soon, in+一段时间。 注意：一般疑问句：some-any, and-or 一般将来时 1用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将 发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。 如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动 词。 We are hav
11、ing fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语 ，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。 A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me? A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me. 2用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“ 意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。 Are yo
12、u going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here? I am going to book a ticket. 另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发 生或即将发生某种情况。 Its going to rain. 3. 用will/ shall do表示将来： 一是表示预见 You will feel better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain? 二是表示意图. I will not lend the book to you. Tak
13、e it easy，I will not do it any longer. 基本结构： She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 肯定形式：am/is/are going to + do； will/shall + do. 否定形式：am/is/are going not to + do； will/shall not + do. 1. I _（leave
14、）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）. 2. How long _ you _（study) in our country? I _（plan）to be here for about one more year. 3. I _（be）tired. I _（go) to bed early tonight. 4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）
15、soon. 6. _ you _（be）here this Saturday? No. I _（visit）my teacher. 过去进行时 1. 用法：过去某个时间正在发生的动作 例：He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在 做饭。 过去某段时间正在发生的动作 例：I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从3 月到5月，我一直呆在这里。 2. 与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/ at this time
16、 yesterday 或有when the teacher came in，while he was reading的提示 3. 过去进行时的构成： waswere +现在分词 4. 过去进行时的四个基本句型 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 eg: He was cooking at six last night. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 Was he cooking at six last night? 特
17、殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它 What was he doing at six last night? 5. 过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 6. 请比较 He watched TV last night. （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时） He was watching TV at nine last n
18、ight. (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时) 1. Now Jims sister _(read) newspapers. 2. He _(watch)TV at nine last night. 3. He _(watch)TV last night. 4. What _the twins _(do) then? 5. _Lily _(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? -No, she _ 6. _you _(have) supper at that time? 7. Jack _(not read) a bo
19、ok at nine yesterday evening. 8. Now Jim _(play) basketball on the playground. 9. What _he _ (do) at nine oclock last night. 10. They _(listen) to the music at that time. 11. When the teacher came in, the students _(read) the text. 12. We _(watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang. 13. Her mother
20、_(cook) while her father was watching TV 现在完成时 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（非延 续动词适用于这种情况） 2.表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一 时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。（延续性动 词适用于这种情况） She has lost her books （表示到目前为止还没有找到） （1） “过去对现在”（ 非延续动词） （2） “过去到现在”（延续性动词） 二、现在完成时的构成（结构） 现在完成时由“助动词have(has) + 过去分词”构成。 标志词： 1. 以前(before) 从来不(never) 最近(recently) 曾经(ever) 一遍(once) 两遍(twice) 自从 (since) 已经(already/yet) so far(到目前为止) get go eat are do cut say got gotten went gone ate eaten cut cut were been did done said said take swim drink have come put see took taken swam
