1、第 1 讲 名词转换为形容词、名词或动词 前沿最新动态 题型 高考典题试做 命题角度解读 语 法 填 空 1(2020 全国卷)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink- colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 2(2020 新高考全国卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of a
2、rt. 3(2019 全国卷)They also shared with us many traditional(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were. 4(2018 全国卷)Running is cheap，easy and its always energetic (energy) 5(2018 全国卷)Im a scientist(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 6(2018 全国卷) To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft s
3、urfaces，do exercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)， avoid hills and get good running shoes. 1给出名词，考查其派生 出的形容词形式； 2给出名词，考查其派生 出的另一名词形式； 3给出名词，考查其派生 出的动词形式。 短 文 改 错 1(2019 全国卷)To everyones surprising, the ball went into the net.surprisingsurprise 2(2017 全国卷)I enjoyed studying differenc
4、e kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the latest music albums.differencedifferent 名词与形容词的误用。 考点一 名词转换为形容词 题组试做 .单句语法填空 1(2020 崇左押题卷)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption. 2(2019 北京卷)Its never too early to
5、 make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful (meaning) college experience. 3(2020 山东淄博一模)British Prime Minister paid an official (office) visit to China from Jan.31 to Feb.2 4He put his ear to the floor and heard angry (anger) shouts, but no words were distinguishable. 5The policy was r
6、ejected in favour of a more cautious (caution) approach. 6She feels guilty (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids. 7There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your scientific (science) research. 8The US. is sending additional (addition) troops to the region where violence occu
7、rs frequently. 9It is fashionable(fashion) to have short hair nowadays. 10Unless you respect other peoples religions, horrible (horror) mistakes and conflicts will occur. .单句改错 11(2020 成都第三次诊断性检测)Since then，to know myself has become an importance part of my life. importanceimportant 12The traffic at
8、 the corner of the street is very danger for the school children. dangerdangerous 13 My little grandson is no trouble at all, but his 6- year- old elder sister is rude and self. selfselfish 14I count myself luck to have met the professor, who plays a vital role in my career. lucklucky 要点解读 名词转换为形容词
9、后缀 例词 al centrecentral 在中心的；中央的 originoriginal 原来的；起初的 crimecriminal 刑事的；犯罪的 practicepractical 实际的 - d ed diseasediseased 有病的；病态的 talenttalented 有才能的；天才的 - ial officeofficial 官方的；正式的 facefacial 面部的 raceracial 种族的 financefinancial 金融的 industryindustrial 工业的 influenceinfluential 有影响的 - ful peacepeacef
10、ul 和平的；安静的；和睦的 meaningmeaningful 有意义的；意味深长的 wonderwonderful 精彩的；令人高兴的；令人惊奇的 - less hopehopeless 没有希望的 useuseless 没用的 helphelpless 无助的 endendless 无尽的 - able fashionfashionable 流行的；时髦的 reasonreasonable 公平的；合理的 valuevaluable 有价值的；宝贵的 - ible accessaccessible 可到达的；可进入的；可使用的；易懂的 horrorhorrible 极坏的；恐怖的 cre
11、ditcredible 可信的；可靠的 - ous dangerdangerous 有危险的；不安全的 couragecourageous 勇敢的；无畏的 ambitionambitious 有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的 - y guiltguilty 感到内疚的；有过失的；有罪责的 tastetasty 美味的；可口的 hungerhungry 饥饿的；挨饿的 - ic sciencescientific 科学的 energyenergetic 精力充沛的；充满活力的 economyeconomic 经济的；经济上的 - ish selfselfish 自私的 childchildish 孩
12、子气的；稚嫩的 foolfoolish 愚蠢的；傻的 - ate fortunefortunate 幸运的；吉利的 affectionaffectionate 表示关爱的 - ical grammargrammatical 语法的 historyhistorical(有关)历史的；有关历史研究的 考点二 名词转换为名词、动词 题组试做 .单句语法填空 1Im a scientist (science) who study animals such as apes and monkeys. 2She was once in deep despair in her childhood (child
13、) because of her physical illness. 3The President set the targets for the future to promote friendship (friend) with European countries. 4Ms Green has asked me to deputize(deputy) for her at the meeting. 5In addition, planting trees helps improve and beautify (beauty) the environment. 6She had to ch
14、oose (choice) between giving up her job or hiring a babysitter. 7She knew that Soli was trying to frighten (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear. 8These human activities will endanger (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of ecosystem. .单句改错 9Now that you are able to take up arms and defen
15、se your motherland，we are all proud of you. defensedefend 10I had always impressed upon the children that if they worked hard they would success in life. successsucceed 11The twin brothers are alike in appearance but difference greatly in character. differencediffer 12She is currently employed as a
16、cooker in a hotel, where she makes western style food. cookercook 要点解读 一、名词转换为名词 后缀 例词 er astronomyastronomer 天文学家 villagevillager 村民 engineengineer 工程师 ist artartist 艺术家 physicsphysicist 物理学家 novelnovelist 小说家 - ian musicmusician 音乐家；作曲家 librarylibrarian 图书馆馆长；图书管理员 politicspolitician 从政者；政治家 hood
17、childchildhood 童年；孩童时期 neighborneighborhood 街坊；街区 mothermotherhood 母亲身份；母性 ship friendfriendship 友谊；友情 scholarscholarship 奖学金；学问 championchampionship 冠军称号；锦标赛 二、名词转换为动词 前缀 例词 en dangerendanger 使遭危险；危及；危害 courageencourage 鼓励；激励 后缀 例词 - en frightfrighten 使惊吓；使惊恐 strengthstrengthen 加强；强化 lengthlengthen
18、 使变长 - fy beautybeautify 美化；装饰 identityidentify 识别；确认 ify classclassify 分类；归类 speechspeechify 高谈阔论 - ize memorymemorize 记忆 summarysummarize 总结 apologyapologize 道歉 .单句语法填空 1It was a _ (fog) cold morning when he set off for the remote village. foggy 设空处应填入名词 fog 的形容词形式 foggy。 2It is obvious that _ (na
19、ture) disasters have contributed to the continents economic crisis. natural 设空处应填入名词 nature 的形容词形式 natural。 3The meeting supposed to be _ (success) turned out to be a failure in the end. successful 设空处应填入名词 success 的形容词形式 successful。 4People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to scho
20、ol but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ (use) useless 设空处应填入名词 use 的形容词形式 useless。 5The moral of the _ (origin) story is that a devoted person certainly deserves respect. original 设空处应填入名词 origin 的形容词形式 original。 6Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can li
21、ve in comfort and find _ (spirit) harmony too. spiritual 设空处应填入名词 spirit 的形容词形式 spiritual。 7The club has a _(member) of more than 500 membership member“会员”，membership“会员人数”。 8 Men in the post office _ (class) mails according to places they are to go. classify “把邮件分类”， 设空处缺少动词， class 是名词， classify 是动
22、词。 9Facts have proved that she is a talented _ (music) as well as being a photographer. musician music“音乐”，musician“音乐家；作曲家”。 .单句改错 1I dont think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our society. _ reasonreasonable practice 是名词，应用形容词修饰，reason 是名词， reasonable 是形容词。 2The wealthy couple
23、has the reputation of being kindness to the poor._ kindnesskind be kind to sb.“善待某人”。 3Cases like this seem to show that trust and respect are absence from modern marriage. _ absenceabsent “现代婚姻缺乏信任和尊重”，be absent from“不存在， 缺少”是固定搭配。 4The teacher didnt approval of her parents choice of reading materi
24、als for her. _ approvalapprove “不赞同她父母给她选的阅读材料”，didnt 后应用动 词 approve，approval 是名词。 .语法填空 The Manta Resort is a remote and luxurious hotel，located on the island of Pemba， and famed for its unique underwater room that allows guests to enjoy the 1_(beauty) marine life of the Indian Ocean from the comfo
25、rt of their bed! The unusual room floats almost 250 meters away from the coast and 2 _(hold) in place by several anchor lines(锚索) leading to the ocean floor.The top two floors of the underwater room are above the surface of the water.At sea level， the landing deck(甲板) in 3 _middle contains an area f
26、or resting and dining as well as the bathroom facilities.4_(guest) can also climb a ladder onto the top deck to lie out 5 _the sun or gaze up at the stars during the night. Of course，the real attraction is the bedroom on the bottom level，6 _ sits four meters beneath the surface of the water.Besides
27、a double bed 7_(lie) on， the room also has two large windows on each wall， 8 _(give) almost a total 360- degree view of the water around it.Each window even has underwater spotlights on the outside that attract and illuminate(照明) nearby sea creatures at night，so guests can watch them as they drift o
28、ff to sleep. As you can 9_(probable) guess，the cost of enjoying such a hotel room isnt cheap.Spending one night in the underwater room costs US $1，500 for two people on top of the regular cost of the resort， which 10 _(vary) depending on the time of year and duration of your stay. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要
29、介绍了坐落在印度洋 Pemba 岛上的 水下宾馆客房。 1beautiful 考查形容词。根据空格后的“marine life”可知，此处需要用形容 词修饰名词，故填 beauty 的形容词形式 beautiful。 2is held 考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的“floats”可知，此处用一般现 在时，同时“The unusual room”与“hold”之间是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。 3the 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“中间部分的甲板”，故用定 冠词 the。in the middle“在中间”是固定用法。 4 Guests 考查名词单复数。 空前无限定词， 所以需要用 g
30、uest 的复数形式。 5in 考查介词。客人们可以爬上梯子到顶层甲板上去晒晒太阳。in the sun 表示“在阳光下”。 6which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，此处的先行词是前 面的 the bedroom，且空处在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以填 which。 7to lie 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“除了一张可以躺在上 面的双人床之外”，故应用不定式作后置定语，来修饰 a double bed。 8giving 考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是前面的 two large windows on each wall，与 give 构成主谓关系，故用动词的- i
31、ng 形式 giving。 9probably 考查副词。根据空后的“guess”可知，此处需填副词修饰谓语动 词，故用 probable 的副词形式 probably。 10varies 考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句的 costs 可知此处应用一般现在 时，which 指代 the regular cost of the resort，所以需要用 vary 的第三人称单数形式 varies。 .短文改错 My best friends Wang Bing，Liu Hong and I did voluntary work in our neighborhood in last summer.
32、Every morning we would walk around，collected plastic bags，waste paper and cans.This usually took us about one and a half hour to do that.After that we went to do some housework for the senior people who lived their own.In the afternoon we helped some children do their homework， so their parents were
33、 too busy to take care of themselves.Although we were a little tiring every day，we were proud of what we have done.We all felt really happily that we could do something meaningful. 【答案】 My best friends Wang Bing，Liu Hong and I did voluntary work in our neighborhood in last summer.Every morning we wo
34、uld walk around， collected collecting plastic bags，waste paper and cans.This It usually took us about one and a half hour hours to do that.After that we went to do some housework for the senior people who lived on their own.In the afternoon we helped some children do their homework， so for/because their parents were too busy to take care of themselves them .Although we were a little tiring tired every day，we were proud of what we have had done.We all felt really happily happy that we could do something meaningful.
