1、2021 高考英语四层写作阶梯写作层级二 言简意明的非谓语动词 言简意明的非谓语动词 众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的 关系显得松散；而作文中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。而恰当地运关系显得松散；而作文中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。而恰当地运 用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅显得句式多样、句子活泼，而且读用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅显得句式多样、句子活泼，而且读 起来结构紧凑、言简意明。起来结构紧凑、言简意明。 一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句一、运
2、用非谓语动词转换简单句 写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的 表达方式。转换时可采用表达方式。转换时可采用“三步法三步法”： 【示例示例】 第一步：写出两个简单句。第一步：写出两个简单句。 I want to improve myself by reading some books. The books were written in the Tang Dynasty. 第二步：让句作主句，用非谓语动词改写句。第二步：让句作主句，用非谓语动词改写句。 第三步：让句第三步：让句作定语，由于其动词作
3、定语，由于其动词 write 与主语与主语 the books 之间为被动关系，之间为被动关系， 故用过去分词短语作定语。故用过去分词短语作定语。 I want to improve myself by reading some books written in the Tang Dynasty.(2017 全国卷全国卷书面表达书面表达) 其他几个转换的例子如下：其他几个转换的例子如下： Mount Tai stands in Shandong Province. It has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese
4、legendary stories attached to it. Standing in Shandong Province, Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, with many Chinese legendary stories attached to it.(2017 北京高考书面北京高考书面 表达表达) In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture” It aims to introduce American c
5、ustoms and the life of high school students. In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture”， aiming to introduce American customs and the life of high school students.(2015 全全 国卷国卷满分作文满分作文) 【即时演练即时演练】 用非谓语动词进行句型转换用非谓语动词进行句型转换 1All the people here like the novel. It is writ
6、ten by Tom. All the people here like the novel written by Tom.(用过去分词作定语用过去分词作定语) 2The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very angry. The boys coming to school late again made the teacher very angry.(用动名词用动名词 作主语作主语) 3The students were making the most of time. They wanted to finish
7、the work earlier. The students were making the most of time so as to finish the work earlier.( 用动词不定式作目的状语用动词不定式作目的状语) 二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句二、运用非谓语动词转换复合句 用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些，因为需转换的一般是从句 部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，并把握好动词的时态和语态即可，所以部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，并把握好动词的时态和语态即可，所以 只需两步。只需两步。
8、 【示例示例】 第一步：写出复合句。第一步：写出复合句。 Since you have realized that your time is limited, youll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation. 第二步：把第二步：把 since 引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，引导的原因状语从句转换为非谓语动词，realize 与与 you 之间之间 为主动关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。为主动关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。 Having realized that your time
9、 is limited, youll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.(2014 安徽高考满分作文安徽高考满分作文) 其他转换的例子如下：其他转换的例子如下： Because I thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I care
10、fully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.(2015 湖北高考短文写作湖北高考短文写作) 【即时演练即时演练】 用非谓语动词进行句型转换用非谓语动词进行句型转换 1If it is carried out continuously, it will benefit all of us greatly and we are sure to make obvious progress. Carried out continuously, it will benefit all of us great
11、ly and we are sure to m ake obvious progress. 2When we are faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help. Faced with difficulties,we need friends to give us comfort and help. 3When I know that our library is going to buy some books, Id like to give some suggestions. Knowing th
12、at our library is going to buy some books,Id like to give some sug gestions. 4 After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner. Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner. 三、非谓语动词的常用句型三、非谓语动词的常
13、用句型 1remain to be done “有待于被有待于被” Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work. 我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。我们的教育工作中还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。 2疑问词疑问词to do Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.(2015 北京高考书面表达北京高考书面
14、表达) 上周二，我们班邀请了一位老工匠来教我们怎样捏面人。上周二，我们班邀请了一位老工匠来教我们怎样捏面人。 3连词连词 when/while/once/unless/although .doing/done While visiting the art exhibition, we discussed the great artists works. 当参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大艺术家们的作品。当参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大艺术家们的作品。 4easy/difficult/hard .to do . In some experts opinion, living conditions
15、on the Mars are very hard to tolerate. 在一些专家看来，火星上的生活条件艰苦得难以忍受。在一些专家看来，火星上的生活条件艰苦得难以忍受。 5prefer to do . rather than do ./would rather do . than do ./would do . rather than do . “宁愿做宁愿做，而不愿做，而不愿做” Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers online rather than talk with their parents face to
16、 face. 如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面交谈。如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面交谈。 6by doing . “通过做通过做” Under the environment of fierce competition, the only way he could imagine to handle stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts. 在激烈竞争的环境下，他唯一能想到的应对压力的方式就是通过更加努力使自在激烈竞争的环境下，他唯一能想到的应对压力的方式就是通过更加努力使自 己变
17、得更坚强。己变得更坚强。 7only to do sth. (表示出乎意料的结果表示出乎意料的结果) Whats worse, I found myself having a fever this morning and I went to the clinic for immediate treatment, only to be advised to stay in bed for three days. 更糟糕的是，今天早晨我发现自己发烧，立刻去诊所治疗，结果被建议卧床休更糟糕的是，今天早晨我发现自己发烧，立刻去诊所治疗，结果被建议卧床休 息三天。息三天。 8compared with/
18、to . “与与比较比较” Compared to the traditional shoes, they have three new unique functions.(2014 湖南高考写作湖南高考写作) 与传统的鞋相比，它们有三个新的独特功能。与传统的鞋相比，它们有三个新的独特功能。 9be said/reported/considered .to do . “据说据说/报道报道/认为认为” A bus full of passengers was reported to have gone out of control on a highway south of the city.
19、据报道，一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。据报道，一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。 10with宾语宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语 In the picture, a boy in worn clothes sits beside a shabby wooden table with a pile of bamboo books on it.(2015 福建高考满分作文福建高考满分作文) 在图画中，一个穿着破旧衣服的男孩坐在破旧的木桌旁边，桌上有一堆书简。在图画中，一个穿着破旧衣服的男孩坐在破旧的木桌旁边，桌上有一堆书简。 即时演练即时演练 用非谓语动词补全句子
20、用非谓语动词补全句子 1 (2016 北京高考书面表达北京高考书面表达)在写这本书时， 由于亲自品尝过一些不知名的植物，在写这本书时， 由于亲自品尝过一些不知名的植物， 李时珍遭受了很多折磨。李时珍遭受了很多折磨。 While_writing_the_book,_Li Shizhen suffered a lot from tasting some unknown plants on his own. 2(2016 天津高考书面表达天津高考书面表达)回顾过去的两周，我们情不自禁想起了我们课堂上回顾过去的两周，我们情不自禁想起了我们课堂上 进行的那些激烈的讨论。进行的那些激烈的讨论。 Looki
21、ng_back_on_the_past_two_weeks,_we cant help thinking of the heated discussions we had in class. 3 (2014 江西高考书面表达江西高考书面表达)我非常荣幸在这里与你们分享我的关于高中学习方我非常荣幸在这里与你们分享我的关于高中学习方 面的观点。面的观点。 It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what_to_learn in senior high school. 4他所有的注意力都集中到那本书上，我进来时他没有注意到
22、。他所有的注意力都集中到那本书上，我进来时他没有注意到。 With_all_his_attention_fixed_on_the_book,_he didnt notice when I came in. .用非谓语动词进行句型转换用非谓语动词进行句型转换 1If time permits, we will watch a film there, which is surely about the history of Yendang Mountain. Time permitting,we will watch a film there, which is surely about the
23、history of Yendang Mountain.(2017 浙江高考应用文写作浙江高考应用文写作) 2We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. We can set out early to have more time to read and select books.(2016 全国卷全国卷 书面表达书面表达) 3I know my city well. I will have the responsibility to tell the passengers at the
24、exit how to get to their destinations. Knowing my city well,I will have the responsibility to tell the passengers at th e exit how to get to their destinations. 4As the society develops rapidly, its necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. With the society developing rapidl
25、y,its necessary for us to have a good knowl edge of English and computer. 5I feel quite sorry for that. I begin to think about what to do to help. Feeling quite sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help. .请根据以下内容要点写一封邮件，尽可能多地使用非谓语动词请根据以下内容要点写一封邮件，尽可能多地使用非谓语动词 假定你是李华，在假定你是李华，在“国际青年服务日
26、国际青年服务日”(Global Youth Service Day)与同学去与同学去“老年老年 之家之家”(nursing home)帮忙。 请给网友帮忙。 请给网友 Tom 写一封邮件， 简述此次活动， 内容包括：写一封邮件， 简述此次活动， 内容包括： 1时间、地点；时间、地点； 2活动过程；活动过程； 3你的感受。你的感受。 注意：注意：1.词数词数 100 左右；左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom， The annual “Global Yout
27、h Service Day” is aimed at cultivating young peoples love of service. Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 参考范文：参考范文： Dear Tom， The annual “Global Youth Service Day” is aimed at cultivating young peoples love of service. On that day, my classmates and I went to the nearby nursing home and ha
28、d a meaningful experience there. Upon arrival, we had a free talk with the elderly residents, telling them our anecdotes and listening to theirs. At noon, we had a buffet lunch together in the cafeteria. While enjoying the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dancing performance, makin
29、g the elderly laugh and clap excitedly. With the meal over, we hugged each other and said goodbye. We appreciate participating in this activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young. In fact, if everyone could contribute a little, our community would definitely have a brighter future! Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua
