1、Section Reading and Thinking (1) 阅读理解 A I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England. It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000. My hometown is especially famous for its university. Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. There a
2、re lots of old buildings and churches to visit. Students and tourists enjoy trips along the river by boat. Cambridge is 80 kilometres from London. London is in the south of England and it is on the River Thames. It has a population of about seven and a half million, so it is bigger and busier than C
3、ambridge. It is about 2,000 years old, and it is famous for Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge. England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches on the coast are popular for holidays. Tourists like the areas of low mountains and beautiful
4、lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south. Everywhere in England, you will notice how green the countryside is. It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. So come and see England any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. It rains a lot all year round.
5、 You will need it most days. 1. How many examples of famous people are mentioned in the passage? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 解析：解析：细节理解题。由第一段第四句细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Many famous people studied Many famous people studied here, such as Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin.here, such as Isaac Newton and Char
6、les Darwin.”可知可知, ,只有两只有两 位名人被提到。故选位名人被提到。故选 B B。 答案：答案：B 2. What can we know about Cambridge and London? A. Cambridge is much busier than London. B. London is 2,000 kilometres from Cambridge. C. Cambridge has more famous buildings than London. D. London has a much bigger population than Cambridge.
7、解析：解析：细节理解题。由第一段第二句细节理解题。由第一段第二句“It is on the River Cam and It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,0has a population of about 120,000.00.”和第二段第三句和第二段第三句“It has a It has a population of about seven and a half millionpopulation of about seven and a half million”可知可知, ,剑桥有约剑桥有约 1212 万
8、人口万人口, ,而伦敦有约而伦敦有约 750750 万人口。故选万人口。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 3. What do tourists like about the south of England? A. The churches. B. The low mountains. C. The pretty villages. D. The beautiful lakes. 解析：解析：细节理细节理解题。由第三段第三句解题。由第三段第三句“Tourists like the areas of Tourists like the areas of low mountains and bea
9、utiful lakes in the north, and the hills low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south.and pretty villages in the south.”可知可知, ,游客喜欢位于英国南游客喜欢位于英国南 面的漂亮村庄。故选面的漂亮村庄。故选 C C。 答案：答案：C 4. Whats the climate like in England? A. Very hot in summer. B. Very col
10、d in winter. C. Not very cold in winter. D. Not rainy all year round. 解析：解析： 细节理解题。 由第四段第一句细节理解题。 由第四段第一句“It is never very hot in summer It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter.or very cold in winter.”可知可知, ,英国夏天不是很热英国夏天不是很热, ,冬天不是很冷。冬天不是很冷。 故选故选 C C。 答案：答案：C B Ireland has had a very d
11、ifficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today ther
12、e are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country. In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage(短缺) of work, forced man
13、y people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851. For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but
14、more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said t
15、hat the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many differe
16、nt instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc. 5. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1? A. How the Irish fought against the English. B. How Ireland gained independence. C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. D. How two “Irelands” came into being. 解析：解析：推理判断题。由第一段中推理判断题。由第一段中“The r
17、esult is that today there The result is that today there are two are two IrelandsIrelands. Northern Ireland, in the north, is par. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part t of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is
18、an independent country.is an independent country.”可知可知, ,北爱尔兰是英国的一部分北爱尔兰是英国的一部分, ,而而 南部的爱尔兰共和国是独立的国家。 由此可知南部的爱尔兰共和国是独立的国家。 由此可知, ,作者告诉我们作者告诉我们, ,“两个两个 爱尔兰爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选是如何形成的。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 6. What can we learn about Ireland from the text? A. Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in populatio
19、n. B. People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside. C. It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker. D. Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments. 解析：解析：细节理解题。根据第二段细节理解题。根据第二段“In the 1840s,In the 1840s, the main crop, the main crop,
20、 potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.died of hunger.”和和“the population fell from 8.2 million in the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 18511841 to 6.6 million in 1851”可知可知, ,在在
21、1919 世纪世纪 4040 年代年代, ,主要农作主要农作 物受疾病影响物受疾病影响, ,大约大约 7575 万人死于饥饿万人死于饥饿, ,爱尔兰人口骤减到爱尔兰人口骤减到 660660 万。故万。故 选选 A A。 答案：答案：A 7. What can be the best title for the text? A. Life in Ireland B. A Very Difficult History C. Ireland, Past and Present D. The Independence of Ireland 解析：解析：主旨大意题。文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史主旨大意题。
22、文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史, ,没有详细讲爱尔没有详细讲爱尔 兰的独立兰的独立,B,B、D D 排除排除; ;文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活,A,A 是对是对 第三段的总结第三段的总结, ,不够全面。总览全文不够全面。总览全文, ,文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在, , 故选故选 C C。 答案：答案：C C Manchester is the “capital” of the northwest of England. Situated on the east bank of the River Irwell, it is a liv
23、ely busy city with a large student population. Although it was once seen as only a dull industrial place, in recent years Manchester has become the “in” place. It is well known for its clubs, its fashion and its music, not to mention its world-famous football team, Manchester United. There is plenty
24、 to see in Manchester and something to suit all tastes. For example, you have a taste of the Orient in Chinatown, home to Manchesters large Chinese population. Another place to visit is the historical Eastlefield area, which contains the first urban heritage park in Britain. Here you can walk around
25、 the museums and experience the atmosphere of the 19th century Manchester. Football fans need not feel left out; they can always make a trip to the Old Trafford Manchester United Museum which also contains a coffee shop and a souvenir shop. Its easy to find your way around the city centre and youre
26、never too far away from a bus, which will take you wherever you want to go. However, many people prefer walking in a city where theres so much to see, and much of it is off the main travel lines. If you get tired with all that walking, you can refresh yourself at one of the many caf bars in the city
27、. Theres a wide variety of homely and old-fashioned ones. Whatever you do, you wont have a dull moment in the place which was awarded the title of“most interesting city in Europe”. Despite its unpopular industrial image in the past, Manchester is becoming more and more popular as a tourist destinati
28、on nowadays. 8. What do we know about Manchester? A. It is a big city in the southwest of England. B. It is only known for its heavy industry. C. It is interesting only if you like football. D. It is a very popular place now. 解析：解析： 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“ in recent years Manchester in recent
29、years Manchester has become the has become the inin place. It is well known for its clubs, place. It is well known for its clubs, its fashion and its music, not to mention its worldits fashion and its music, not to mention its world- -famous famous football team, Manchester United.football team, Man
30、chester United.”可知可知, ,曼彻斯特已经变成时曼彻斯特已经变成时 尚之都尚之都, ,以俱乐部、 时装、 音乐等闻名于世以俱乐部、 时装、 音乐等闻名于世, ,还有世界著名还有世界著名的球队的球队 曼联。故选曼联。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 9. If you are interested in Manchesters history, you . A. will see the 18th century buildings B. can go to Chinatown C. dont have a choice D. can visit the Eastlefield 解
31、析：解析：细节理解题。细节理解题。 根据第二段根据第二段“Another place to visit is the Another place to visit is the historical Eastlehistorical Eastlefield area field area Here you can walk around the Here you can walk around the museums and experience the atmosphere of the 19th century museums and experience the atmosphere o
32、f the 19th century Manchester.Manchester.”可知可知,Eastlefield,Eastlefield 与历史有关与历史有关, ,如果你对历史感兴趣如果你对历史感兴趣, , 可以去那里参观。故选可以去那里参观。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 10. What does the underlined word “its” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Europes. B. Tourisms. C. Manchesters. D. Industrys. 解析：解析：词义猜测题。词义猜测题。Despite its unp
33、opular industrial image in Despite its unpopular industrial image in the pastthe past 是介词短语是介词短语, ,主语是后面的主语是后面的 ManchesterManchester。 尽管曼彻斯特以前。 尽管曼彻斯特以前 是一个工业城市是一个工业城市, ,但是曼彻斯特正变为一个旅游目的地但是曼彻斯特正变为一个旅游目的地, ,而且越来越而且越来越 受欢迎。故选受欢迎。故选 C C。 答案：答案：C D The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
34、 is one of the most diverse nations in the whole of Europe. This article will show you how to adapt to the varied culture of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Get used to small spaces. The United States is not only a huge country but also has big cars, houses and spaces. 11 Houses, apar
35、tments, cars and appliances are all smaller than what you are accustomed to, so you have to get used to smaller things. Be polite. Always apologise for running into someone, even if it is their fault, as it makes you out to be a kind person. Respect peoples personal space and always wait in line. Ac
36、cept jokes. 12 Bantering and taking the mickey are all ways to describe making fun of someone but this isnt necessarily a bad thing. Teasing someone is a common way to show friendship. As one Briton put it, “You never make fun of someone you dont like.” Get used to the driving. The British drive on
37、the left side of the road. 13 Also the cars in the UK have the steering wheel(方向盘) on the right side, so you need to get used to this as well. Be especially careful with your turns and remember that right turns in the UK cross opposite traffic in the same way that left turns do in the US and other c
38、ountries that drive on the right. 14 The British use different words and pronounce words differently. Look around on the Internet or buy books about words and expressions used in Britain. Theres more to the UK than London. London is an excellent city and the most popular in the United Kingdom. 15 An
39、d the green countryside is a defining feature of the UK, which is something that should be explored. A. Get used to the lifestyle. B. Get used to the language. C. Different regions have their own traditions and even languages. D. Be sure that you do so, or the result could be terrible. E. However, t
40、he UK does not have the luxury of space. F. But there are many other cities filled with culture and wonder. G. One of the most confusing aspects of British culture is humour. 答案：答案：11. E 12. G 13. D 14. B 15. F Reading and Thinking (2) 基础测评 . 单句语法填空 1. He offered a new approach improving the functio
41、n of the machine. 2. The immune system is our main (defend) against disease. 3. She was faced with a new job, in unfamiliar (surround) with strange people. 4. I have never expected that my hometown has such a (fascinate) look, seen from the sky. 5. He was admitted to a famous university for his outs
42、tanding_ (achieve) in high school. 6. The Beidou Navigation System can exactly lead you to any_ (locate) you want to reach. 7. She looked (puzzle) so I repeated the question. 8. There is (evident) that Beijing Man used fire to cook food. 9. The land belongs (legal) to the government. 10. Wed better
43、go in a group, not (individual). 答案：答案：1. to 2. defence 3. surroundings 4. fascinating 5. achievements 6. location 7. puzzled 8. evidence 9. legally 10. individually . 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 join to , break away from, belong to,refer to as , keep your eyes open for, as well as 1. He took away the umbrella
44、the boy beside him by mistake. 2. The village the town by the new road. 3. any opportunity around can help you find a job sooner. 4. Electric energy can be changed into light energy into sound energy. 5. Several states the Union and became independent. 6. English a universal language. 答案：答案： 1. belo
45、nging to 2. is joined to 3. Keeping your eyes open for 4. as well as 5. broke away from 6. is referred to as . 语法填空 The UK is also called Great Britain, Britain or England. Many people 1. (confuse) by these different names. In fact, they are 2. (shorten) names for the United Kingdom of Great Britain
46、 and Northern Ireland. In the 16th century, Wales was joined 3. the Kingdom of England and with Scotland joining in the 18th century, the Kingdom of Great Britain came into being. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added 4. (create) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Howev
47、er, the southern part of Ireland 5. (break) away from the UK in the following century, and thus the name of the country was changed into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, 6. is still in use. The four countries work together to share the same flag, currency and military defenc
48、e. Although 7. (belong) to the UK, they also govern their countries independently in some ways, such as education systems, legal systems, national days and even football teams. In the UK, it is easy to collect 8. (evident) of the four groups of people who took over at different times. They are the R
49、omans, the Anglo-Saxons, the Vikings and the Normans, of whom the Normans had castles 9. (build) all around England and they had much influence on the English language. The UK has interesting history and culture, and 10. (it) capital London is the typical city which is well worth exploring. 答案：答案：1. are confused 2. shortened 3. to 4. to create 5. broke 6. which 7. belonging 8. evidence 9. built 10. its 提升测评 . 阅读理解 Hundreds of years ago, a Roman army made war on Scotland. The Scots, a brave people, love their country. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland. But ther
