1、2019 版高中英语必修版高中英语必修 2 第五单元语言点详解第五单元语言点详解 第一部分第一部分:单词单词 1. 对译词汇对译词汇 hip-hop techno bagpipes stringed instrument virtual choir studio conductor rap nowadays album piano moreover rhetorical metaphor personification repetition simile Eric Whitacre Nevada Mozart Lux Aurumque UNICEF Las Vegas John A. Loga
2、n Disease outline ache 2. 变形词汇变形词汇 classclassicalclassicclassifyclassification composecompositioncomposercomponent(组成成分)compound 混合物 performperformerperformance origin original originate(创始，发明) phenomenonphenomena (复数形式) gradualgradually employemployeremploymentunemployed romanceromantic treattreatm
3、enttreated(加工过的)treaty(条约) satisfysatisfactionsatisfactory varyvariousvariety variation reactreaction energyenergeticenergizeenergetically 3. 课文词汇课文词汇 universal 通用的，永恒的 preference 喜好，偏爱 paraphrase 释义 ban 禁止，禁令 professional 专业的 assume 假定，假设 capitalize 用大写字母书写 punctuation 标点 structure 结构 stunning 令人吃惊
4、的 co-founded 共同创立的 4. 列举掌握列举掌握 1). energy 名词，能量。名词，能量。 例句：The bears feed voraciously(贪婪地) in summer and store energy as fat. 熊在夏季吃很多东西,以脂肪形式储存能量。 Matter and energy are equal and interchangeable. 物质和能量是相等的,并可相互转换。 More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy. Recycling
5、plastics and aluminum, for instance, uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting aluminum. Its a great way for me to relieve stress and pressure, and dance my way towards feeling energetic and happy again. Many scientists who have studied the green sea slugs(海蛞蝓)confirm t
6、hat they are actually able to create energy from sunlight. 2). soul 名词，灵魂，精灵。名词，灵魂，精灵。 例句：Teachers are engineers of human soul. 教师是人类灵魂的工程师。 A dancer must throw herself heart and soul into every performance. 舞蹈演员对每一场演出都必须尽心尽力。 3). virtual 形容词，实质上的，事实上的， （计算机用语）虚拟的。形容词，实质上的，事实上的， （计算机用语）虚拟的。 例句：This
7、reply is a virtual acceptance of our offer. 这一回答实质上是接受了我们的建议。 Bookcrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the real and not the virtual. 图书漂流是在人们之中形成的一股潮流，这些人想要回归真正的而非虚拟的现实。 4). perform 动词，执行，表演动词，执行，表演 例句：He has taught his dog to perform some clever tricks. 他已经训练他的狗玩几样灵巧的把戏了
8、。 She is putting on powder, ready to perform on the stage. 她在搽粉, 准备登台演出。 I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a habit. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perf
9、orm very complex tasks with their hands. In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances. The musician along with his band members has given ten performances in the last three mont
10、hs. Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers. 教育是非常重要的，它应该像任何其他职业一样，拥有高工资，配备好的工作环境，但不该对无能者提供保护伞。 5). altogether 副词，总共，完全地副词，总共，完全地 例句：The noise has altogether stopped.吵闹完全停止了。 Taken alto
11、gether, this TV play was successful. 总的来看，这个电视剧还是很成功的。 We were not altogether sure that the comet would miss the Earth. 我们不能完全肯定彗星不会与地球相撞。 At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working altogether. 最后，我用拳头一砸，这个电视机完全不工作了。 There are altogether thirty students in our class.我们班
12、级一共 30 个学生。 6). band 名词，一群，一队，乐队；动词名词，一群，一队，乐队；动词，用带绑扎。，用带绑扎。 例句：The band played while we danced.我们跳舞乐队伴奏。 We must band against the enemy.我们必须团结对敌。 Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. The rock band needs more hours of practice. 7). capable, 形容词，有能力，形容词，有能力，胜任的。胜任的。 例
13、句：He is a manager capable of leadership. 他是个富有领导才能的经理. This football team has always been capable of gaining an advantage over its opponents by skillful manoeuvring. 这个足球队总是能依靠机智的策略占上风. Students who are successful in on-line course are usually capable of working independently in a responsible and ho
14、nest manner. 8). cure 动词，治疗，名词，治疗。动词，治疗，名词，治疗。 例句：There is no certain cure for this disease. 这种病没有可靠的医疗药物。 This is a possible cure to fight off cancer. 这也许是治愈癌症的良方。 Doctors are now able to cure people of many diseases which in former times would have killed them. 现在医生能够治愈过去的许多不治之症。 The destruction o
15、f such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. A 23-year-old girl with an incurable disease can fly to Alaska and everything can work out. 9).previous 形容词，先前的，以前的。形容词，先前的，以前的。 例句：Their total grain output still exceeded that of the previous year. 他们的粮食总产量仍超过头一年。 The
16、 message they are transmitting to their daughters is very different from that of previous generations. 他们向女儿传输的信息与上几代人截然不同。 But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surr
17、ounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides. 10). opportunity 名词，机会，时机。名词，机会，时机。 例句：The quiz was a good opportunity for the exhibition of his knowledge. 这次测验是他显示知识的好机
18、会。 I take this opportunity to report to you about a matter. 顺便向各位报告一件事。 I love the country, but I have less opportunity of seeing it. 我热爱乡村, 但我几乎没有机会见到它。 Students then have an opportunity to improve their products. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the mark
19、et. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. 11). aim 名词或动词，目的，目标，瞄准。名词或动词，目的，目标，瞄准。 例句：The aim of the campaign is to make young people believe that smoking is a mugs game. 这项运动的目的是使年轻人相信吸烟是件蠢事。 They aim to deliver the people who are in bo
20、ndage to superstitious belief. 他们的目的在于解脱那些受迷信束缚的人。 She visited the school with the aim of seeing the library. 她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。 All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at improving performance. Taking
21、advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims precisely. The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading. 12). assume 动词，假设，认为，承担。动词，假设，认为，
22、承担。 例句：We cant just assume her guilt. 我们不能想当然地认为她有罪. I think we can safely assume that this situation will continue. 我想我们可以有把握地认为这种情况将持续下去. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people as
23、sume. It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities
24、on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human be watchful and monitoring the road at every moment. 13). onto 介词，到介词，到之上。之上。 例句：The new copiers only copy
25、onto one side of the paper. 新复印机只能单面复印。 She was holding onto the rail to keep her balance. 她抓住扶手以保持平衡。 By the time these solutions become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. They hope to discourage the seabirds from wandering onto the highway. They reflect a concentrated
26、beam of light onto the towns central square, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze the toothpaste onto our brush. 14). lean 动词，倾斜，依靠。过去式动词，倾斜，依靠。过去式 leaned, lean
27、t，过去分词，过去分词 leaned, leant。形容词，瘦的。形容词，瘦的。 例句：The seats have no back against which to lean. 这些座位都没有靠背可倚。 Do it yourself; dont lean on others for support. 自己做, 不要依赖别人的支持。 The girls lean and pallor legs look brighter in the sight. 女孩又瘦又白的腿看起来更加明显。 15). being 名词，生物，存在。名词，生物，存在。 例句：Is there a place in the
28、 world of matter for a spiritual being? 物质世界是否为精神的存在留有一席之地? Human beings are a unique species. They have more complex brains than any other beings. 人类是独特的物种, 他们有比其他任何生物都更复杂的大脑。 With a large brain, human beings beat other beings in terms of intelligence. New stars continued to come into being from th
29、e gas clouds of the disk. It spoke words of encouragement to the deepest part of my being. 16). somehow 副词，不知怎么地，以某种方式。副词，不知怎么地，以某种方式。 例句：She somehow got lost. 她不知道怎么竟迷了路。 He was quite polite, of course, but somehow I didnt like his manner. 当然,他的确还是彬彬有礼的, 但我就是有些不喜欢他的举止。 The landscape, beautiful on i
30、ts own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it. According to some developmental psychologists, a babys play is somehow similar to a scientists experiment. 5. 重点掌握重点掌握 1). addition 名词，增添物，添加。名词，增添物，添加。 例句：In addition to copper, there are many other metals which are
31、good conductors. 除了铜之外, 还有很多其他金属都是良导体。 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. 早晨锻炼除了让你身体健康外还能给你带来额外的好处。 In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. In addition to being more in touch with the food shes eating, an
32、other joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post t
33、heir own videos on the Internet. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the teams performance begins to decline. The obvious one is money: eating out once or twice a week
34、 may be affordable but doing this most days adds up. The under-estimation was systematic: when adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction of the smaller number to it. 2). relief 名词，安慰，救援物资。名词，安慰，救援物资。 例句：They send relief to those wh
35、o made homeless by floods. 他们给水灾中无家可归的人发送救援物资。 It was a great relief to be back on dry land after such a rough crossing. 渡过汹涌澎湃的大海回到陆地后使人长舒一口气。 They hope the new drug will prove especially efficacious in the relief of pain. 他们希望这种新药能在缓解疼痛方面产生特效。 Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief
36、when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. To the relief of Instagrammers everywhere, it can even make m
37、eals more enjoyable. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. Pain relieving creams dont work, but a hot shower, or warm b
38、ath can provide some relief. 3). ordinary 形容词，普通的，平常的，一般的。形容词，普通的，平常的，一般的。 例句：Judging by the ordinary standards, he was reliable. 用一般标准来衡量, 他是可信赖的。 The film purported to represent the lives of ordinary people. 这部影片声称旨在表现普通人的生活。 But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable
39、commitment. Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. Ordinarily she sleeps at the school and goes home only on Saturdays. 4). enable 动词，使能行。动词，使能行。 例句：This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows. 这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演
40、。 The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early. 新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。 Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. This enabled Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. The first Cube Sat was created in the early 2000s, as a w
41、ay of enabling Stanford graduate students to design, build, test and operate a spacecraft with similar capabilities to the USSRs Sputnik. 5). award 名词，奖赏，加薪，授予。动词，授予，奖励。名词，奖赏，加薪，授予。动词，授予，奖励。 例句：The film won an Oscar award for 1985. 这部电影获 1985 年奥斯卡金像奖。 The best students are awarded special scholarshi
42、ps. 最好的学生将授予特殊奖学金。 He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology. 他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。 近义词“近义词“reward” ，报酬，奖励，酬金。” ，报酬，奖励，酬金。 He will expect some reward after working so hard. 他工作很努力,会得到报偿的。 The police are offering a big reward for information about the robbery. 警方出大笔赏金要求提供那起抢劫案的破案线索。
43、 The reward money was apportioned among those who worked very hard. 奖金分给那些努力工作的人。 A 90-year-old has been awarded woman of the year for being Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained u
44、nknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race. It provides awards for running new businesses. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. For many who made it to Dawson, howe
45、ver, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Traveling along the old silk road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 6). stage 名词，阶段，舞台。动词，名词，阶段，舞台。动词， 举办，上演。举办，上演。 例句：She has been on the stage for over thirty years. 她有 30 多年的艺龄。 At every stage in the production there will be paperwork form
46、s to fill in, permissions to obtain, letters to write. 在生产的每个阶段都有文书工作填表格，报批，写信。 Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.
47、Whatever stage of life youre at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community. 7). thus 副词，因此，所以，以这种方式。副词，因此，所以，以这种方式。 同义词：同义词：therefore, consequently, hence, accordingly。 例句：The enemy were thus reduced to a passive position in whic
48、h they found it hard to give up the battle and yet had to give it up. 敌人于是就陷入了欲罢不能, 而又不得不罢的被动地位。 He loosed the ropes that bound the prisoner, thus allowing him to jump up and escape. 他解开了囚犯身上绑着的绳子, 那个囚犯跳起来就跑了。 Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowl
49、y during cool nights, thus warming the house. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that
50、 time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She al
