1、Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discover useful structures 01 Review the relative clauses 1. 观察例句，找出句子中的关系代词或关系副词观察例句，找出句子中的关系代词或关系副词 (1)After listening to the scientists(科学家) who had studied(研究) the problem, and citizens(市民) who lived near the dam(大坝), the government( 政府) turned to the United Nations for
2、help. (2)Temples(寺庙) and other cultural sites were taken down(拆掉) piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. 2.从第四页的阅读文章中找出更多的定语从句并完成下从第四页的阅读文章中找出更多的定语从句并完成下 列句子。列句子。 (1)There comes a time _ the old must give way to the new. (2)Water fr
3、om the dam would likely damage(破坏) a number of temples and destroy(毁灭) cultural relics _ were an important part of Egypts cultural heritage. (3)After listening to the scientists _ had studied the problem, and citizens _ lived near the dam 用这些关系代词或关系副词(which, that, who, whose, where, why, when) 补全下列句
4、子 when that who who 用这些关系代词或关系副词(which, that, who, whose, where, why, when) 补全下列句子 (4)Temples and then moved and put back together again in a place _ they were safe from the water. (5)Not only had the countries found a path to the future _ did not run over the relics of the past (6) by UNESCO, which
5、 runs a programme _ prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing(消失). where that that Summary 表1：关系代词 Functions of head noun Functions of relative pronoun O-S 先行词在主句中作（ ） 关系代词在从句中作（ ） e.g. I like a teacher who inspires(激励) his/her students. O-O 先行词在主句中作（ ） 关系代词在从句中作（ ） e
6、.g. I like the book (that) you mentioned. S-S 先行词在主句中作（ ） 关系代词在从句中作（ ） e.g. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. S-O 先行词在主句中作（ ） 关系代词在从句中作（ ） e.g. The man (who) you met is my cousin. 宾语宾语 主语主语 宾语宾语 宾语宾语 主语主语 主语主语 主语主语 宾语宾语 表2：关系副词 先行词 关系副词 关系副词在从句中的成分 Time （ ） 表示（ ）的状语 Place （ ） 表示（ ）的状语 reason （
7、 ） 表示（ ）的状语 when 时间时间 where 地方地方 why 原因原因 O2 Rewrite the sentences using Relative clauses 1.重组句子的方法与步骤重组句子的方法与步骤 Example(例子例子)： (1)I have downloaded(下载) that free app, but it doesnt work well. The free app (which/that) I have downloaded doesnt work well. 主句主句 从句从句 先行词：先行词： that free app 在主句中作在主句中作主主
8、语语 在从句中作在从句中作宾宾语，而且是事物语，而且是事物 which/that 1.重组句子的方法与步骤重组句子的方法与步骤 第一步：明确主句主句和从句从句。 第二步：找到先行词先行词，确定它在主句中的功能功能(做什么成分做什么成分)。 第三步：根据先行词和关系代词或关系副词在从句中的功能，确定确定使用哪 个关系代词关系代词或或关系副词关系副词。 2.用定语从句重组句子用定语从句重组句子 (2) The project team helped protect the national park in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed
9、(成立) by members from fifteen countries. The project team _ _ 主句主句 从句从句 先行词先行词:the project team which/that was formed by members from fifteen countries helped protect the national park in (3) This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty. 主句主句 从句从句 The time _ 先行词先行词: the time when this temple wa
10、s first built was during the Qin Dynasty. (4)We met a professional archaeologist(考古学家) at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure(建筑). 主句主句 从句从句 先行词先行词: the proessional archaeologist The professional archaeologist _ _ (who/whom) we met
11、 at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building (5)The documents(文件) about the cultural relics from overseas(海外) are under the desk. I found them yesterday. 主句主句 从句从句 The place _ _ where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas yesterday is under th
12、e desk. 先行词先行词: the place (6)Scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next generation. 主句主句 从句从句 先行词先行词: the reason The reason_ _ why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wanted to preserve it for t
13、he next generation. 3.总结限制性定语从句总结限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： （1）作用不同作用不同：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，不可去掉不可去掉。非非 限制性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明限制性定语从句对先行词进行补充说明，可去掉可去掉。 （2）形式不同形式不同：限制性定从与主句不用逗号隔开：限制性定从与主句不用逗号隔开，非限制性定从用逗号与主句隔开非限制性定从用逗号与主句隔开。 （3）先行词不同先行词不同：大多数限制性和非限制性定从的先行词往往
14、为某一个词或短语：大多数限制性和非限制性定从的先行词往往为某一个词或短语， 而特殊情况下非限制性定从的先行词也可以为整个主句而特殊情况下非限制性定从的先行词也可以为整个主句，此时用此时用which 引引导导。 （4）关系词的使用情况不同关系词的使用情况不同：that 不可用于引导非限制性定从；不可用于引导非限制性定从；whom在非限制性定在非限制性定 从中作宾语时不可用从中作宾语时不可用who来代替；非限制性定从的所有关系词均不可省略来代替；非限制性定从的所有关系词均不可省略。 03 Do some exercises 1.基础知识过关检测基础知识过关检测 (1) A teacher is a
15、 person _passes knowledge to students. (2) The woman _ you met in the street is Kate. (3) Please pass me the book _cover(封面) is green. (4) This is the room _he lived last year. (5) This is the room _he lived in last year. (6) I know the date _Lincoln was born. (7) I would like to live in a place _th
16、ere is plenty of sunshine. (8) That is the reason _he was late. who/that who/whom whose where which when where why (9) He is the man _car was stolen last night. (10) That was a fault _could not be forgiven. (11) I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _my classmates recommend
17、ed(推荐) to me. (12) Until now, we have raised(筹集) 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected. whose which/that which which 英译汉：英译汉： 我们学校共有我们学校共有8位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。（本句表达的意思是：我位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。（本句表达的意思是：我 们学校共有们学校共有8位外籍教师，他们全部来自澳大利亚。）位外籍教师，他们全部来自澳大利亚。） 我们学校有我们学校有8位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校 有来自澳大利亚的外籍教师，还有其他国家的外籍教师。）有来自澳大利亚的外籍教师，还有其他国家的外籍教师。） (1)In our school there are eight foreign teachers who come from Australia. (2)In our school there are eight foreign teachers, who come from Australia.
