1、第 2 讲 不可数名词 名词是表示人、事物和抽象概念的词。它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。可数名词有单复数 之分。如:a bag, two bags。而不可数名词,顾名思义,通常没有复数形式,不能在词尾加 s 或 es 变复数。我们学过的不可数名词有哪些呢?一起来搜索一下吧! 有:ice, rain, snow, wind, bread, meat, juice, sugar, food, rice, water, coffee, tea, milk, jam, chocolate, fruit, paper, hair 等,这些物质名词都是不可数名词。还有像 work (工作), help (
2、帮 助), love (爱), hope (希望), weather (天气) 等抽象名词也是不可数名词。 在使用不可数名词时,要注意以下几点: 1.不可数名词前面不能直接加 a / an。如: I like to skate on an ice.( ) I like to skate on the ice. ( )我喜欢在冰上溜滑。 不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位词。如: a cube of ice 一方块冰 three cups of tea 三杯茶 a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a bar of chocolate 一大块巧克力 2.不可数名词的词尾不能加 s 或
3、 es 变复数。 3.some, any, no, a little, much, a lot of 等词往往可以加在不可数名词的前面,修饰不可数名词。 如: 1) I dont want any help. 我不需要任何帮助。 2) Theres some milk in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些牛奶。 把下面的句子都翻译对了吗?如果有错,请为其改正。 1. 请给我一些果汁。 ( ) Give me some juices, please. 2. 我喜欢坐在阳光下。 ( ) I like to sit in a sun. 3. 桌子上有两碗米饭。 ( ) There are tw
4、o rices on the table. 4. 他们喜欢在风中玩耍。 ( ) They like to play in the wind. bread 面包 beer 啤酒 cloth 布 coffee 咖啡 cream 奶油 dust 尘土 gin 杜松子酒 glass 玻璃 gold 黄金 ice 冰 jam 果酱 oil 油 paper 纸 sand 沙 soap 肥皂 stone 石头 tea 茶 water 水 wine 葡萄酒 wood 木头 advice 忠告主意 beauty 美丽，漂亮 courage 勇气 death 死亡 experience 经验 fear 担心 he
5、lp 帮助 hope 希望 horror 恐惧 information 消息信息 knowledge 知识 mercy 仁慈 pity 同情 relief 救济 suspicion 猜疑 work 工作 baggage 行李 camping 露营 damage 损害 furniture 家具 luggage 行李 parking 停车 shopping 购物 weather 气候 a bit of news 一件消息 a cake of soap 一块肥皂 a drop of oil 一滴油 a grain of sand 一粒沙子 a pane of glass 一块玻璃 a piece o
6、f advice 一条忠告 a pot of jam 一罐果酱 a sheet of paper 一页纸 记住这十个词，人称雷打不动的十大金刚： advice,news,information, progress,work.fun,weather,music,health,luck。 在使用这些词时，不管其前面有多少修饰语，其前一定不要用不定冠词 a 或 an。 二、名词所有格的构成法二、名词所有格的构成法 1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如: This is Toms desk. 这是汤姆的书桌。 That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。 2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾 s ,
7、则仅加一个 . 如: the teachers reading room 教师阅览室 the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒 3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以 s 结尾， 变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宫 mens room 男厕所 *名词所有格口诀：名词所有格口诀： 名词所有格，s 前面加一撇，复数 s 放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加 一个撇。 1、 不可数名词的数的变化 2、 名词所有格的学习及应用 3、 可数不可数名词的对比学习 1. _ are sold in this bookstor
8、e. A. Childrens books B. Children books 解析：孩子们的书翻译为 A 2. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John 解析;John 的朋友为 A 3. Can you give me _? A. some papers B. a piece of paper 解析：纸为不可数名词不可以加 s，故答案选择 B 4. The blouse is made of _. A. a wool B. these wood C. wools D. wool 解析：羊毛为不可数名词不可以加 s 也不可以用 a
9、和 these ，故答案为 D 5. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 解析：羊的复数是特殊变形单复同形，牛的复数是 cows，故答案选择 B 6. June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 解析：节日是专有名词第一个字母大写，孩子们的后边用s。故答案选择 c A 部分 汉译英 1Tom 的足球 _
10、2. 老师们的自行车_ 3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_ 5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_ 7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_ 9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10 女孩们的苹果_ B 部分 选择填空： 1. I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 2. They dont have to do _ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. much
11、 homeworks 3. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 4. Miss Green is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 5. Tom is _. He will come to see me. A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D.
12、 a friend of mine 6. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 7. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. Two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 8. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs o
13、f shoe D. two pair of shoe C 阅读练习 No. 1 Anny sat in their backyard(后院), thinking. She was trying to think of a way to earn money during the summer vacation. Suddenly, she had an idea! Her parents paid her to walk their dog every day. Maybe other people would pay her to walk their dogs. Anny went to
14、many houses and asked the people if she could exercise their pets. Some of the people didnt have a dog. Others wanted to walk their own pets themselves, but five people did hire Anny. She was delighted. Every morning that summer she walked the dogs. By the end of the vacation, Anny had saved eighty
15、dollars. ( ) 1.The best title is _. A. Traveling During the Summer B. Waiting for School to Begin C. A Girl Finds a Pet D. Getting Paid to Walk Dogs ( ) 2. During the vacation Anny saved _. A. five dollars B. eighty dollars C. one hundred dollars D. ninety dollars ( ) 3. To earn money, Anny _. A. wa
16、shed windows B. sold papers C. went to school D. walked dogs ( ) 4. When Anny was working, she was _. A. outside B. in a car C. in a lake D.inside a house ( ) 5. The underlined word delighted means _. A. very tall B. very happy C. sick D. cold No.2 lot of boys and girls in Western Countries are wear
17、ing the same kinds of clothes, and many of them have long hair, so it is often difficult to tell whether they are boys or girls. One day, an old man went for walk in a park in Washington, and when he was tired, he sat down on a bench. A young person was standing on the other side. My goodness! the o
18、ld man said the person next to him on the bench. Do you see that person with long hair? Is it a boy or a girl? A girl, said his neighbor. Shes my daughter. Oh! the old man said quickly. Please forgive me, I didnt know that you were her mother. Im not, said the other person, Im her father. 1. Some of
19、 the boys Western Countries look like girls because _. A. they are not tall enough B. they walk slowly like girls C. their clothes and hair are like girls D. they always wear very fine clothes 2. The old man went to the park one day _. A. to have a walk B. to see the young persons C. to do some exer
20、cises D. to sit on the bench and have a walk 3. When the old man saw a young person with long hair he thought _. A. it was a young woman B. it was a boy C. it was a girl D. it was the persons daughter 4. What was the person next to the old man look like? _. A. He looked like a business man（商人）. B. H
21、e looked like a young man. C. He looked like the young persons father. D. He looked like a woman. 5. This story happened（发生）in _. A. France B. England C. America D. Australia 一选择填空。 1They come from different _. A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys 2.How many _ do you see in the picture ?
22、 A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are _. A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4. Would you like _, please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of water D.two glasses of waters 5.There are some _in these _. A.knifes pencil-boxes B.kniv
23、es pencil-box C.knives pencil-box D.knives pencil-box 二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“ ” 1The house is my brother. _ 2. He has visited many country. _ 3. They are Englishs. _ 4. This is Tom red bike. _ 三将下列名词变成复数形式。 1.plane _ tree_ lesson_ month_ apple_ shirt_ 2. box_ bus_ brush_ watch_ class_ fox_ 3.knife_ life
24、_ leaf_ wife_ thief_ 4.day_ boy _ monkey_ baby_ country_ story_ 5.photo_ radio _ piano_ tomato_ hero_ 6. child_ tooth_ man _ sheep_ Englishman_ Chinese_ 语法练习 选择填空 1There are two _ in the room. A. Chinese B. Englishman 2.The old man will have _ out. A. two tooths B. two teeth 3. _ are sold in this bo
25、okstore. A. Childrens books B. Children books 4. Some friends of _ will come here. A. Johns B. John 5. Can you give me _? A. some papers B. a piece of paper 6. There are _ on the floor. A. some box B. some boxes 阅读练习 A 篇 Five-year-old Tom and his mother both learned a lesson from the book The little
26、 Engine That Could. One day,. Toms mother was driving their pickup truck when it hit a huge hole, turned over, and rolled down a big hill. Toms mother was badly hurt. She told her son to run away before the truck blew up. Tom did not run. Instead, he pulled his mother out of the truck and helped her
27、 begin crawling(爬行) up the hill to safety. She said that she was too weak to go on, but Tom insisted. Thinking of the little truck, he begged.(哀求) I think I can, I think I can, I think I can. Even in pain, Toms mother smiled as she crawled to the top of the hill ( ) 1. The best title is _. A. Favori
28、te Childrens Stories B. Tom and His Train C. Safety on the Road D. Tom : Young Hero ( ) 2. When the accident happened, Tom was _. A. three years old B. five years old C. four years old D. six years old ( ) 3. Toms mother was hurt when the truck_. A. rolled down a hill B. crashed into a tree C. Skidd
29、ed(打滑) on some ice D. blew up ( ) 4.You can tell that Tom loved _. A. the little train B. trucks C. His mother D. adventure ( ) 5. The word insisted means _. A. gave up B. said very strongly C. listened D. became very angry B 篇 New York, Paris and other big cities are exciting places to live in. The
30、re are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different kinds of museums, plays and films. You can also buy things from all over the world. But there are serious problems in big cities too. It is expensive to live there, and there are too many people in some places of big cities. Ev
31、ery year many people move to the cities to find jobs, to study at good schools and receive good medical care. But sometimes these people cannot find work or a good place to live in. Also it is hard to keep the cities safe and clean. Some people enjoy living in big cities, others do not. Before move
32、to a big city, they should think about the problem of living there. 1. In big cities people can _. A. go to different kinds of museums B. see all kinds of plays and films C. buy things from all over the world D. A, B and C 2. Which of the following is true? A. Big cities are not clean and safe enoug
33、h. B. People can easily find good place to live in big cities. C. People can always have many chances to live in big cities. D. All people like to live in big cities. 3. In this passage the writer thinks it is right for people _. A. to move to big cities B. not to move to big cites C. to move to big
34、 cities without thinking of any problems D. not to move big cities before think over the problems of living there 4. This passage doesnt tell us that _. A. Paris is an exciting place for people to live in B. big cities have a lot of serious problems C. big cities are all very dirty D. usually people can get very dirty 5. Which is the best title for this passage? A. Big cities. B. Interesting Things in Big Cities. C. Good School in Big Cities. D. New York, London and Paris.
