1、2019 新人教版高中英语必修二单元同步语法 Unit 1 定语从句（三）定语从句（三）-“介词“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词”引导的定语从句 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。关 系代词只能用which或whom。 先行词指物时， 用which； 先行词指人时用whom。“介词+ which （指物）/ whom（指人） ”引导的定语从句主要有以下几种情况： 1. 单 个 介 词 +which/ whom 介词的选择： 根据和从句中动词 的搭配 根据和从句中形容 词的搭配。 根据和先行词的搭 根据句意 注意： 定语从句的谓语 动词如果是
2、以介词结 尾的短语动词， 则不可 把介词移至从句之首。 如： look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。 The man with whom I talked just now is from Beijing University.刚才和 我谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。 （talk with sb 和某人说话） Yesterday I visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天 我参观了杭州著名的西湖。
3、（be famous for 以而闻名.） He built a telescope, through which he could study stars. 他架起一架望远镜，通过它可以研究星星。 （through a telescope 通 过望远镜） My computer, without which I cant play computer games, broke down yesterday. 昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。 This is the pen that / which you are looking for. 这是我正在找的钢笔。 不说：This is
4、the pen for which Im looking. 2. 介 词 短 语 +which/ whom Jack was a famous doctor, with the help of whom they succeeded in the operation.杰克是一位名医，在他的帮助下他们成功做了手术。 He works in a factory, in front of which lies a river. 他在一个工厂工作，工厂前面有一条河。 3.不定代词/数词/名词 +of which/ whom (of which/ whom 也可 放前) He has two sons,
5、 both of whom/ of whom both are doctors. 他有两个儿子，他们都是医生。 John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom/ of whom most are family members. 约翰邀请了大约 40 人参加他的婚礼，他 们当中绝大部分都是自家人。 There are 60 students in our class, 41 of whom/ of whom 41 are girls 我们班有 60 名学生，其中 41 名是女生。 He mentioned a book, the
6、 title of which /of which the title Ive forgotten.他提到一本书，书的名字我忘了。 4.the+形容词比较级或 最 高 级 / 序 数 词 +of which/ whom （of which/ whom 也 可放前) Our university has many labs, the largest of which/ of which the largest was built last year. 我们学校有许多实验室，最大的是去年建造的。 In his office there are nine clerks, the youngest o
7、f whom/ of whom the youngest is Mr. Liu. 他办公室有 9 位职员, 其中最年轻的是刘先生。 I was given three books on cooking, the first of which/ of which the first I really enjoyed. 别人给我三本关于烹饪的书， 我很喜欢第一本。 5.介词+ which/whose+ 名词 （which/whose 作名词 的定语） He may be late, in which case well have to put off the meeting. 他也许会迟到，那样的
8、话我们只好推迟会议了。 The boss, in whose company Mr. Smith works, is my friend.这个老板 是我的朋友，史密斯先生在他的公司工作。 I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. 我感谢史密斯教授, 没有他的帮助, 我永远不会取 得如此的成就。 注意和并列句的区别： The old man has three sons , one of whom is a teacher. (定语从句，用引导词 whom) The o
9、ld man has three sons, and one of them is a teacher.(并列句，用代词 them) The old man has three sons; one of them is a teacher. (分号“； ”后的句子是并列句，用代词 them) 补充三种特殊情况（供参考） 1.since when 引导的定语从 句 when 指代前面句 子所提供的时间 背景， 从句中多用 现在完成时 That was in 1997, since when things have been better. 那是在 1997 年，从那时起情况就已经好转了。 （si
10、nce when 指代 since 1997） 比较： That was in 1997, when things were better. 那是在 1997 年，那时情况有了好转。.( when 指代 in 1997) 2.from where 引导的定语从 句 表示从某一个地 点 Tom hid himself behind the door, from where he could hear the steps of his mother clearly. （from where 指代 from behind the door） 汤姆躲在门后，从那里他可以 清楚地听到妈妈的脚步声。 3.
11、介词+which/ whom+ to do 相 当 于 介 词 +which/ whom 引 导的定语从句 I have only $10 with which to buy him a present. 我只有 10 美元来给他买礼物。 （=with which I could buy him a present） I want to make friends with Jack from whom to improve my English. 我想和杰克交朋友，从他那儿提高我的英语水平。 （=from whom I can improve my English） 【巩固练习】 一用“介词+
12、关系代词”合并句子 1.The day will come. Ordinary people can travel by spaceship on the day 2.My father told little John the year. He had studied in the year. 3.Guangzhou was liberated on the day. The day was Oct.14,1949. 4.This is a field. I used to grow vegetables in that field. 5.Do you still remember thos
13、e days? We worked together in those days. 6.The subject is English. Im not interested in English. 7.The clever boy made a hole in the wall. We could see what was happening inside the house through the wall. 8. There are many reasons. People like traveling for the reasons. 9. This is the train. We wo
14、rked on the train last year. 10. The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen. 11. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees. 12. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields. 13. The house is mine. The window of the house is broken
15、. 14. In the park there are many flowers. The colour of the flowers is bright and nice. 15.My uncle had three sons. Two of them died during the last earthquake. 16.I am living a in an English village. Life is peaceful and traditional in the village. 17. I have several good friends. I can tell my pro
16、blems to them. 18. Because of the 2019-nCoV we have a longer vacation. During the time we dont go out to work. 19. Li Wenliang is a hero. We should be proud. 20. The volunteer said conditions in Wu Han were difficult. I spoke to him just now. 二填空 1.It is a famous school_ _he graduated 3 years ago. 2
17、.The chair _ _he is sitting now is made of wood. 3.Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club? 4.They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of _ many strange birds were seen. 5.Eric received training in computer for one year, _ _ he found a job in a big 6.Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green,
18、 in front of _ sit three students. 7.The plane _ _ we flew to Canada is very comfortable. 8.There are many reasons _ _ people like traveling. 9.This is the iPad _ _ I spent 3000 yuan. 10.This is my pair of glasses, _ _ I cannot see clearly. 11. Hell never forget the day _ _ he was admitted to the Ol
19、ympic Games for the first time. 12.The musicians _ _ we have great interest toured Europe with us. 13 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill _ _ school education depends. 14. Who can give me the reason_ _ he hasnt turned up yet? 15. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ _ sh
20、e could turn for help. 16. The man _ _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster. 17.She was educated at Beijing University, _ _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. 18.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people ,many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city. 19.The E
21、nglish play_ _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. 20. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town_ _ he grew up as a child. 21.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, _ _ there wont be much work. 22.She brought with her three friends, none of
22、 _I had ever met before. 23.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. 24. Many young people, most of _ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 25. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures , each of _ uses it differently.
23、26. He wrote many children s books, nearly half of_ were published in the 1990s. 27.In our class there are 46 students, of _ half wear glasses. 28.September 30 is the day by _ you must pay your bill. 29.Mark was a student at Beijing University from 2012 to 2016, during _ time he studied very hard an
24、d was made Chairman of the Students Union. 30.With the development of agriculture, the people, in _village I taught before , have lived a happy life. 答案：一1.The day on which ordinary people can travel by spaceship will come. 2.My father told little John the year in which he had studied. 3.Oct 14,1949
25、 was day on which Guangzhou was liberated. 4.This is the field in which I used to grow vegetables. 5.Do you still remember those days in which we worked together. 6.The subject in which Im not interested is English. 7.The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which we could see what was happen
26、ing inside the house. 8. There are many reasons for which people like traveling. 9. This is the train on which we worked last year . 10. The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai. 11. He used to live in a big house in front of which grew many banana trees. 12. They passed a factory at th
27、e back of which there were rice fields. 13. The house the window of which is broken is mine. 14. In the park there are many flowers, the colour of which is bright and nice. 15.My uncle had three sons, two of whom died during the last earthquake. 16.I am living a in an English village. Life is peacef
28、ul and traditional in the village. 17. I have several good friends to whom I can tell my problems. 18. Because of the 2019-nCoV we have a longer vacation during which we dont go out to work. 19. Li wenliang is a hero of whom we should be proud. 20. The volunteer to whom I spoke just now said conditi
29、ons in Wu Han were difficult. 二1. from which 2. on which 3. on which 4. which 5. after which 6. whom 7. in which 8. for which 9. on which 10. without which 11. on which 12.in whom 13. on which 14. for which 15.to whom16.with whom 17. after which 18. whom 19.in which 20.in which 21. without which 22. whom23.which 24.whom 25.which 26.which 27.whom 28.which 29.which 30.whose 总之，定语从句是历年高考的重要考点，也是中学阶段最难的语法项目之一，对理解长难句 起着很重要的作用，同学们一定要下功夫，扎扎实实学好，对提升英语水平有很大的帮助。
