1、2020-2021 学年高二英语人教版学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册随堂检选择性必修第三册随堂检 测（测（8）Unit 3 Learning about Language 一、填空 1.He failed to _ (抓住) the opportunity during the job interview. 2.Some roads may have to be closed at peak times to _ (限制) the number of visitors. 3.Every time I mention her, you become very _ (敏感的). 4
2、.After the failure of the electricity supply the city was in _ (混乱). 5.We advocate peaceful development, _ (和谐的) development and scientific development. 6.Without the _ (改革) of the economic management system our industry will rot. 7.他们似乎已经历了一场毁灭性的地震。 They seem _ _ _ a destructive earthquake. 8.我发烧了,
3、所以我考虑明天去看医生。 I have a fever, so I consider _ _ _ the doctor tomorrow. 9.我通过听英语歌提高英语水平。 I improve my English _ _ _ _ _. 10.He _ (release) from prison after serving a sentence of five years the year before last. 11.The problem that the teacher referred to in his lecture was beyond my _ (comprehend). 1
4、2.We must ensure that tourism develops _ harmony with the environment. 13.Robert is said _ (study) abroad, but I dont know which country he studied in. 14.The doctor advised me _ (take) a complete rest so that I could make a complete recovery. 15.Only when each of us realizes the importance of prote
5、cting the environment can we have a _ (harmony) earth. 二、 As global temperatures rise, trees around the world are experiencing longer growing seasons, sometimes as much as three extra weeks a year. All that time helps trees grow faster. For the past 100 years, trees have been experiencing fast growt
6、h in mild areas from Maryland to Finland, to Central Europe, where the growth rate of some trees has even sped up by nearly 77% since 1870. Supposing wood were just as strong today, those gains would mean more wood for building, burning, and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere. But is wood r
7、eally as dense (茂密的) as it used to be? Hans Pretzsch, a forest scientist in Germany, and his colleagues wanted to find an answer. They carried out a study of the forests of Central Europe. They started with small pieces of experimental land in southern Germany, some of which have been continuously m
8、onitored since 1870. Pretzsch and his team took core samples (样品) from the trees which included Norway spruce, sessile oak, European beech, and Scots pine and analyzed the tree rings. They found that in all four species, wood density had decreased by 8% to 12%. We expected a trend of the wood densit
9、y like this, but not such a strong and significant decrease, Pretzsch says. Increasing temperatures, and the faster growth they spur, probably account for some of the drop. Another factor, Pretzsch says, is more nitrogen in the soil from agricultural fertilizer and vehicle exhaust. Previous studies
10、have linked increased fertilizer use to decreased wood density. Above all, the study suggests that the higher temperatures combined with pollution from car exhaust and farms are making wood weaker, resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable. I am getting worried, says Ri
11、chard Houghton, an ecologist at the Woods Hole Research Center in Massachusetts, who was not part of the new study. As the density of the samples dropped, so did their carbon content. That means forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at absorbing carbon dioxide than sci
12、entists think, Houghton says. 1.Paragraph 1 is written to _. A. prove an idea B. introduce the topic C. give an example D. describe a fact 2.What does the study show? A. Farming slows trees growth. B. More areas are covered with forests. C. Global warming changes the quality of wood. D. Pollution le
13、ads to higher temperatures. 3.What does Richard Houghton mean? A. Great loss might be caused. B. Storm damage can be prevented. C. The size of forests might be increased. D. Less greenhouse gases can be sent out. 4.What is the best title for the passage? A. We only have one earth B. Trees our best f
14、riends C. The influence of climate change D. Trees are growing faster, but weaker 三、语法填空 Each area of the environment is full of _ (differ) kinds of plants, animals and other organisms (有机体). _ (stay) alive, these living things depend on each other and on non-living things in their environment inclu
15、ding water, sunlight and temperature. A community of living and non-living things _ function together creates an ecosystem (生态系统). Plants get their energy from the earth, water and sun. Animals get their energy from eating plants and other animals. Each organism within an ecosystem _ (have) its own
16、role to play. Think of the ecosystem of a mangrove forest (红树林). When leaves and branches fall from _ (tree) to the land, they are eaten by bacteria in the muddy areas. Only bacteria can survive in this low-oxygen environment. As the leaves and branches are broken down, they release nutrients for an
17、imals _ (live) in the sea. The large mangrove roots and stick-like plants protect the coastline and provide nesting places _ birds. They also give shelter and food to a large number of young fish. Anything that _ (involve) in an ecosystem can affect the balance of it. _, other threats such as invasi
18、ve species, natural disasters, temperature changes and _ (pollute) can also harm or destroy the system. 答案以及解析答案以及解析 一、 1.答案：seize 2.答案：restrict 3.答案：sensitive 4.答案：chaos 5.答案：harmonious 6.答案：reform 7.答案：to have experienced 8.答案：going to see 9.答案：by listening to English songs 10.答案：was released 解析：
19、考查时态、 语态及主谓一致。 句意： 前年他在服刑 5 年后被释出狱。 主语 He 与 release 之间为被动关系，因此用被动语态；根据时间状语 the year before last 判断此处用一般过去 时。主语是 He，因此填 was released。 11.答案：comprehension 解析：考查名词。句意：我无法理解老师在他的讲座中提到的那个问题。beyond ones comprehension 某人无法理解。 12.答案：in 解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我们必须确保旅游业的发展与环境相协调。in harmony with 意 思为与和谐，与一致。 13.答案：to ha
20、ve studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说罗伯特曾经在国外学习过，但我不知道是在哪个国家。 从后面 studied 所用过去时态可知这一事件早已发生，即 study 表示的动作发生在 is said 之 前，所以须用 to have done 形式。 14.答案：to take 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:医生建议我完全休息以便我能彻底康复。advise sb. to do sth. 意思为建议某人做某事。 15.答案：harmonious 解析：考查词性转换。句意：只有当我们每个人都意识到环保的重要性时，我们才能拥有一 个和谐的地球。由空格后的名词 earth 可以判断，此处应该
21、填形容词作定语。 二、 答案：1-4 BCAD 解析：1.根据第一段中的Supposing wood were just as strong today, those gains would mean more wood for building, burning, and storing carbon captured from the atmosphere. But is wood really as dense（茂密的）as it used to be可知，第一段提出问题，启发读者进行思考，从而 引入本文的话题。故选B。 2.根据第三段中的the study suggests that
22、the higher temperaturescombined with pollution from car exhaust and farmsare making wood weaker, resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable可知，对森林的研究表明，全球变暖会改变木材的质量。 故选C。 3.根据最后一段中的That means forests may suffer more damage from storms and may be less efficient at absorbin
23、g carbon dioxide than scientists think可知，Houghton的意思是随着木材密 度降低， 其碳含量也会降低。 这样森林受暴风雨的损害更多， 树木吸收二氧化碳的效率降低， 从而给人们造成巨大的损失。故选A。 4.根据第一段中的As global temperatures rise, trees around the world are experiencing longer growing seasons, sometimes as much as three extra weeks a year. All that time helps trees gro
24、w faster 和第三段中的the study suggests that the higher temperaturescombined with pollution from car exhaust and farmsare making wood weaker, resulting in trees that break more easily and wood that is less durable可知，本文讲述的是气候变暖促进了树木的生长， 但同时树木的密度降低，使树木更脆弱。故选D。 三、 答案：different To stay that/which has trees li
25、ving for is involved Besides pollution 解析：考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语修饰kinds，表示不同的， 故应填形容词形式。 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故应用动词不定式作目的状语。 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词things，并在从句中作主语，故填关系代 词that/which。 考查主谓一致和时态。 该句是对客观情况的描述， 故应用一般现在时； 主语为Each organism， 表示单数意义，故应填has。 考查名词复数。句中tree为可数名词，前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结
26、构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰animals，因live与animals 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式。 考查介词。provide sth. for sb.为固定用法，意为为某人提供某物。 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。该句为含有定语从句的复合句，关系词that在定语从句中作 主语，先行词为Anything，因此谓语动词用单数形式；此处陈述的是客观情况，要用一般现 在时；that指代先行词Anything，与动词involve之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。 考查副词。根据空前的can affect the balance of it以及本句中的can also harm or destroy the system可知，这里表示递进，故填Besides。 考查词形转换。根据 and 前面的部分可知，此处应用 pollute 的名词形式 pollution。
