1、秋季初三英语讲义秋季初三英语讲义 本节课题 Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ? 学习目标 1. 掌握本单元重点短语和句型，谈论变化。 2. 一般现在时的被动语态 重点与难点 被动语态 一、本堂内容一、本堂内容 【知识点一】【知识点一】根据汉语和首字母提示完成单词。 1. She was wearing a blue _(衬衣). 2. Is it made of _(棉花), silk or wool? 3. Jim is going to collect _(材料)for a new book. 4. Both New York and London h
2、ave _(交通)problems. 5. The water _(表面)is like a mirror. 6. They built a wall to _(避免)soil being washed away. 7. I am pleased with your _(产品). 8. The internet has become part of _(每天的)life. 9. The _(邮递员)brought me a large package. 10. Our Chinese always use _(筷子)to eat, but the English dont use them.
3、11. There is a pair of _（剪刀）in the bottom drawer. 12. That is a great _(国际的)question of the day. 13. Children enjoy listening to _（童话）tales. 14. As soon as I _(完成)my training, I am going to be a doctor. 15. He told us a very _(生动的)story about his life in Africa. 16. Children always like _(气球). 17. W
4、e are going to _（法国）to spend our holidays. 【知识点二】【知识点二】重点短语 1.be made of_ 2.be made from_ 3.environmental protection_ 4.be made in_ 5.以.闻名；为人知晓 _ 6.be produced in_ 7.作为.著名_ 8.据我所知 _ 9.pick by hand_ 10.全世界 _ 11.不论；无论_ 12.即使 _ 13.避免做某事 _ 14.everyday things_ 15.according to _ 16.paper cutting_ 17.such
5、as _ 18.把.变成. _ 19.send out_ 20.被.覆盖 _ 21.be seen as _ 22.as symbols of_ 23.fairy tale _ 24. in trouble _ 【知识点三知识点三】重点句重点句 1. China is famous for tea, right? be famous for=be known for 意为;_。 be famous as=be known as意为:_。 【例题 1-1】China is famous _ the Great Wall. 【例题 1-2】Liu Huan is famous _ a singer
6、. 2. Well, as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. (1) as far as I know 意为：_。也可用 so far as. Eg: as far as I know, he has been abroad. 2) grow （vi.） 长大 （vt.） 种植= plant 过去式_ 过去分词_ I grew a tree last year in the yard. 3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and t
7、hen are sent for processing. （1）by hand 意思为_ Eg：The shoes are made by hand. （2）process 动词，意为“_” 可做名词_. （3）leaf (n.) _复数：_ 4. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea. （1) seem: _ It seems that It seems that he would never be able to work out the question. Sb seem (to be)+表语表语 E
8、g: You seem to be unhappy. Sb seem to do sth Eg: Your teacher seemed to know that. （2) all over the world =_ 5. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. （1)Sb +find it +形容词+that 从句： 发现（是怎样的） ,it 是_主语, 真正主语是_ 【例题 5-1】I find _ interesting that people are ver
9、y good with children. （2)Sb +find +it +adj +to do sth 发现.怎么样的 ， it 是_主语，真正的主语是_ 【例题 5-2】I find it important _(help) others. 拓展：拓展：sb find/think/feel/make +it +adj + (for sb)+to do sth (it 为形式宾语) 【例题 5-3】Lucky made _ possible for me to be happy. A. that B. this C. one D. it 6. He realize that America
10、ns can hardly avoid buying products made in China. （1) avoid （v.）_ + _ 【例题 6-1】He avoided _ (answer) my questions. 拓展复习：+doing 作宾语的动词 allow, avoid ,advise ,consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, miss(错过), mind, practice, suggest, stand (忍受） （2） hardly （adv.） _ I hardly ever watch a movie. hard （adj
11、 .）_；_ （adv.） _；_ 【例题 6-2】It is raining _ （hard）. 7. Children under 18 arent allowed (not allow) to watch this show without their parents. （1）allow 用法用法： allow _ sth allow sb _ sth sb be allowed _ sth. （2） without （prep.） ：_ + _/ _ He went to school without breakfast. 8. According to Chinese history
12、, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. （1） According to 根据：to 为介词，其后可接名词代词或从句 Eg：They divided themselves into groups according to the age. （2） be used by _ 【例题 8-1】Everything went well_ _the plan.(根据) 【例题 8-2】The knife is used for _(cut) things. 9. When the lanterns are lit, they slowly r
13、ise into the air （1）light （v.） ：_。其过去式和过去分词为_，也可以为 lighted。 （n.） _ He turned off the light before going out. （adj.） _ Change became light and flew up to the sky. 【例题 9-1】He _（light）the candles just now. （2） rise 与 raise 的区别 rise 不及物动词 常指自然的“上升、上涨、起立、起床等”.没有被动语态 rise - _ - _ raise 及物动词 常指人为的“增加、上涨、升上
14、去等”有被动语态。 raise - raised - raised 【例题 9-2】The sun rises in the east. 【例题 9-3】If you know the answer, you can raise your hand. 10. The pieces are usually cute children or lively character from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. 【辨析】alive、live、lively 的用法 lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思，可以指人或物，可作定语或表语；
15、 Young children are usually lively. Lisa is one of the liveliest girls in our class. alive “活着的”通常放在名词后做后置定语或者句中做表语。 This is a fish alive. This fish is alive. (3) live (v.) 居住 (adj.) 现场(直播)的 I live in China. We saw a live TV broadcast of the volleyball match. used to _:_ be used to _:习惯做 被用来做某事：be u
16、sed _ = be used _ 被用作某物： be used _ 【知识点四】【知识点四】重点语法重点语法 1.语态： 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的_。 Many people speak Chinese. 被动语态表示主语是动作的_，即行为动作的对象。 Chinese is spoken by many people. 2. 一般现在时被动语态的构成 由_构成。 English is spoken by many people. 3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法 （1）把主动语态主动语态的 _ 变为被动语态被动语态的 _。 （2）把谓语谓语变成被动结构_
17、。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： a) People plant trees in spring. b) Tom washes the dishes every day. Trees are planted by people in spring. The dishes are washed (by Tom) every day. 【课堂练习】试把下列主动语态的句子转换成被动语态 1.They play football on Sunday. _ 2.Lucy does the homework in the evening. _ 3.They o
18、ften use computers in class. _ 4.We make these machines in Japan. _ 5.People speak English as the first language in UK. _ 4. 特殊情况 a. 没有被动语态的词语 1） ：感官系动词_ The food tastes good. The flower looks beautiful. 2): 不及物动词 happen/take place, rise/fall, sell well An car accident happened yesterday. The book s
19、ells well. The sun rises every day. An apple fell down from the tree. 3) 不及物动词词组 come true /run out /belong to /come out My dream came true. My money runs out. A new book came out last month . 4) 需要” need (want, require 也有词用法，了解)。 Sth needs doing = sth needs to be done 主动形式表示被动意义 Your jacket needs w
20、ashing. = _ 【课堂练习】【课堂练习】 1. Newspapers are made _ paper. Paper is made _ wood. A. from, of B. of, from C. of, in D. in, from 2. A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China. A. must B. must be C. has D. have 3. When your homework _, we will go to play football. A.is done B. are done C. had done D
21、. will be done 4. This pair of scissors _ in China. A. Make B. made C. is made D. are made 5. -Do you have any problems if you _ this job? -Well, Im thinking about the working day. A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered 6. Usually John _ to school in his fathers beautiful car. A. h
22、as taken B. is taking C. is taken D. has been taken 7. A large number of engineers _ to Africa by our government to the people there every year. A. have sent B. will send C. are sent D. is sent 8. Dont discuss the problems with your partner unless you_ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. wi
23、ll be asked 二、当堂检测二、当堂检测 一、单项选择。 （每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 1. A popular sport, ping-pong,_ by many around China, for fun and exercise. A. are enjoyed B. was enjoyed C. were enjoyed D. is enjoyed 2. The world has a big headache and it _ by money. It began in America last year. A. cause B. causes C. is caused
24、D. are caused 3. - Dont you see the sign No Parking! on the right? - Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow 4. The Spring Festival _ in January or February. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. celebrated D. was celebrated 5. A lot
25、of trees _ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher hair now. A. plant B. is planted C. were planted D. are planted 6. - What do you know about Beijing? - Its _ the Great Wall. A. famous as B. different from C. similar to D. known for 7. - China is getting better and better at making high tec
26、hnology products. - Thats right. People around the world can hardly avoid _ products made in China. A. not buying B. not to buy C. to buy D. buying 8. Mr. Wang has a way of making his class _ . A. live B. alive C. lively D. living 9. - Your coat looks very nice. Whats it made _? - Cotton, and it is
27、made _ Wuhan. A. from; in B. of; in C. from; on D. of; on 10. The desk is made _ wood, and its made_ Shanghai. A. of; by B. of; in C. from; in D. from; by 11. We _ to start at once, or we will miss the train. A. tell B. have told C. are told D. told 12. The children without parents _ good care of by
28、 their teachers in this special school. A. takes B. take C. is taken D. are taken 13. We find _impossible for us to learn a foreign language well in a short time. A. that B. this C. one D. it 14. He likes reading very much. Most of his money_ on books. A. is spent B. spend C. spends D. are spent 15.
29、 The pet dog is warm and loving. It _ as a daughter of my family. A. treats B. treated C. is treated D. was treated 16. Yuan Longping is _ his hybrid rice. A. known of B. known as C. known about D. known for 17. You two live in the same community now. Its too hard for you to avoid _ her. A. to meet
30、B. to meeting C. meeting D. met 18. _Gina _Tara are studying Chinese history and culture now. They find them rich and amazing . A . Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither ; nor 19. - Do you believe that paper is made _ wood? - Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made _ paper.
31、 A. from; from B. from; of C. of; from D. of; of 20. Books are made _ paper while paper is mainly made _wood. A. of; of B. from; from C. of; from D. from; of 二、完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） A student has a new technology. It can make children do more _1_ and also reduce(减少)the number of hours they spend watc
32、hing TV every day. The technology is _2_ “Squareeyes” . It is a little sensor(感应器)and it is put in childrens _3_. It can store(存储)the number of steps taken by a child during the day and _4_ this information to the family computer. Software(软件)then tells the _5_ how many hours of TV he or she can wat
33、ch that evening. One hundred steps are equal to(等于)one minute of TV._6_ children use up all of their TV time, they have to do more walking. The inventor, Gillian Swan, says, “this will _7_ children to make exercise part of their daily life from an early age.” She said that ten years ago, children we
34、re _8_ because they played outside _9_ their friends, while todays children _10_ too much time in front of the TV and hardly do exercise. That is why todays children have weight problems and become fat. ( )1. A. games B. studies C. practice D. exercise ( )2. A. watched B. named C. replied D. made (
35、)3. A. shoes B. glasses C. hats D. coats ( )4. A. take B. encourage C. read D. send ( )5. A. child B. doctor C. woman D. teacher ( )6. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. If ( )7. A. agree B. allow C. help D. set ( )8. A. cheaper B. cleaner C. clearer D. healthier ( )9. A. for B. by C. with D. on (
36、)10. A. spend B. take C. cost D. make 三. 阅读理解（A 篇为判 es 断正（A）误（B 题，B、C 篇为选择题，共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分） A China is the largest toy exporter in the world and every year when Christmas comes near, toys made in China are put on the shelves of stores in Europe and the United States as Christmas presents for
37、 kids. Most of these toys are transacted （交易） in Yiwu market in Zhejiang. Yiwu is also known as the worlds largest small goods distribution（批发） market. The Christmas goods in Yiwu are sold to more than 100 countries. “Without Chinese toys, kids around the world would not have so much happiness,” sai
38、d an American buyer Mr. Carlos. When he was buying some toys in Yiwu, he received a special gift from his friend Li Guo. “The gift is very lovely, very interesting.” said Mr. Carlos when he received the gift from Li Guo. Li gave the gift, an electronic dog made in China, to Mr. Carlos in order to sh
39、ow the quality of Chinese toys. Chinese toy companies can make toys for children around the world and they hope that all children can have merry Christmas.” Li said. During the Christmas holidays many people around the world want to buy Chinese toys, they believe the toys made in China have good qua
40、lity. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误。正确的填“T”错误的填“F” （ ）1. Mr. Carlos believes the toys made in China have good quality. （ ）2. Chinese toys give kids much happiness. （ ）3. Yiwu is also known as the worlds largest market. （ ）4. Mr. Carlos gave a special gift to Li Guo. （ ）5. Kids in Europe and the United States pro
41、bably get toys made in China as Christmas presents on Christmas. B A telephone is an electric tool. Using a telephone, two people who are in different places can talk. Early telephones needed to be connected with wires. Now telephone calls can be sent with radio. This is called wireless. Most people
42、 believe that it was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. He was a 29-year-old Scotsman living in the US. In 2002 the US Congress agreed that Antonio Meucci developed and patented （取得专利） a working telephone in the US in 1871. This was five years earlier than Bell. Meucci was unable to find som
43、eone to provide him with the money to finance （筹集资金） his project. His wife was sick and had to stay in bed. Meucci invented his “teletrofono” to talk to her while he worked in his workshop. There are many types of telephone. A telephone that you can carry around with you is called a mobile phone. Th
44、ese became popular in the late1980s. ( ) 6. Wireless is the telephone call that can be sent with_. A. TV B. radio C. computer D. Internet ( ) 7. Now people believe the first telephone was invented in _by Auntonio Meucci. A.1871 B.1876 C. the late 1980s D.2002 ( ) 8. Meucci had no _ to finance his project. A. time B. place C. money D. wire ( ) 9. Meucci used his invention to talk to _. A. his students B. h
