人教版八下-Unit 10 I 've had this bike for three years.-Section A Grammar focus 4a—4c-ppt课件-(含教案)-市级优课-(编号：5311d).zip

灵璧县冯庙中学灵璧县冯庙中学 韩昌民韩昌民 表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状 态，可以和表示态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现从过去某一时刻延续到现 在的一段时间状语在的一段时间状语”连用，如连用，如“for+时间段时间段” 、“since+过去时间点过去时间点”、“since+过去时的过去时的 从句从句”、“since+一段时间一段时间+ago”。且。且for与与 since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。引导的时间状语可以相互转换。 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、 since把时间带。 e.g.Myunclehasworkedatthisfactory fortenyears. =Myunclehasworkedatthisfactory sincetenyearago. Ivelivedheresince1990 自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears. 我三年没有看见他了。 瞬间动词的肯定式不能和时间段连 用。但其否定式可以和时间段连用 。 因为，其否定式表示的是一种状态 ，而状态总是可以延续的。 *HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears. HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears. *Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks. Hehashadthatbookforthreeweeks. *HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalf years. Hehasbeeninthearmyforoneandahalf years. ItistwoyearssincehecametoBeijing. Itisthreeweekssinceheboughtthat book. ItisoneandahalfyearssincehejoinedtheArmy. *Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths. Hisgrandmahasbeendeadforninemonths. Itisninemonthssincehisgrandmadied. 含有含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过过 去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、 since 把时间带。把时间带。 非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中 不能与for或since引出的短语(或句子)连用， 但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个非延续性 动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可 以延续的。如： Ihavent seenhimforalongtime. 我很久没见到他了。 Hehasnt comehereforsometime. 他有段时间没来了。 Ihavent heard fromhersincesheleft. 自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。 瞬间性动词延续性动词 comebe(in) buyhave borrowkeep leavebeaway diebedead stopbeover begin/startbeon open-beopen close-beclosed put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know go out be out finish be over fall asleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends 在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将 短暂性动词转化为相同意义的延续性动词 或状态动词。 初中英语中常见的有： 短暂性动词延续性动词 go,leave,move arrive,come,reach join,become buy,get(得到) beaway(off),beoutof behere,bein+某地 bein,bea(an)+n. have fallill(asleep) finish,end begin,start begintolearn (work,read,rain) goout getup borrow gettoknow die lose beill(asleep) beover beon learn,work, read,rain beout beup keep know bedead belost 短暂性动词延续性动词 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的 动词必须是延续性动词动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外否定句除外)。 1. 这本书我买了这本书我买了5年了。年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( ) 2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( ) KittyhasleftBeijingfortwodays. KittyleftBeijingtwodaysago. KittyhasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwodays. Kittyhasboughtherpursesincelastyear. Kittyboughtherpurseayearago. Kittyhashadherpurseforayear. 不能说:*HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears. *Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks. *HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalfyears. *Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths. Hehasgotupfor5minutes. 可以说: HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears. Hehashadthatbookforthreeweeks. Hehasbeeninthearmyforoneandahalfyears. Hisgrandmahasbeendeadforninemonths. Hehasbeenupfor5minutes. Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago. 这个老人两年前死了。 Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears. 这个老人死了两年了。 Heboughtacarfiveyearsago. 他五年前买了一辆轿车。 Hehashadthecarforfiveyears. 这辆轿车他买了五年了。 Rewritethesentencesusingfororsince.(4a) 1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethree daysago. JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays. 2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmeal wastenhoursago. Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours. Theyhavebeenveryhungryforten hours.(Althoughtheirlastmealwas tenhoursago,itisntlogicalthattheygot hungryimmediatelyaftertheyhadtheir lastmeal.) 4a Rewritethesentencesusing fororsince. 1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedays ago. 2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwas tenhoursago. Theyhavebeenhungryforten hours/sincetenhoursago. JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears. 3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009. 4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyears ago. 5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday. Ihavehadacamerasince2009. IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/ sincethreeyearsago. LindahasbeenillsinceMonday. 4b Fillintheblankswiththecorrect formsoftheverbsinbrackets. 1.I_(neverbe)tothe waterparkbefore.Iwantto_(go)next monthbeforetheweathergetstoocold. 2.They_(neverown) anypets,butthey_(always want)tohaveadog. haveneverbeen go haveneverowned alwayswant 3.We_(have)apianosincelast November.We_(buy)itfrom theLifamilywhentheymovedtothe USlastyear. 4.CathyandAmy_(notbe) backtotheirhometownfortwoyears. They_(miss)theirhometowna lotandhopetovisittheplacenext year. havehad bought haventbeen miss 5.Thismuseum_(be)herefor over20years.It_(be)oneofthe oldestbuildingsinthissmalltown. hasbeen is 4c Fillinthequestionsandasktwo students.Thencompletethechart. 1.Doyouhavea(n)_?Howlong haveyouhadit? 2.Doyouowna(n)_?Howlong haveyouownedit? ThingsHowlong Tonyfavoritebook basketball fortwoyears sincehewas10 yearsold student1 Student2 Practice 用括号内词 的正确形式填空。 1.Theoldman_(live)heresince1992. 2._you_(visit)ourfactoryyet? 3.I_(notsee)youforalongtime. You_(change)alot. 4.ImafraidI_(keep)youwaitingfor alongtime. 5.He_(know)thecitysincehewas veryyoung. haslived Havevisited haventseen havechanged havekept hasknown 选用for和since填空: 1.Wehaventseeneachother_along time. 2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty_10 yearsago. 3.Thefilmhasbeenon_20minutes. for since for 4.MrGreenhasworkedhere_he cametoChina. 5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead_ severalyears. 6.Itsfiveyears_wemetlasttime. since for since 用for或since完成下列句子。 1.JillisinIrelandnow.Shearrivedtherethree daysago. Shehasbeenthereforthreedays. 2.Jackishere.HearrivedhereonTuesday. Hehas_. 3.IknowSue.IfirstmetSuetwoyearsago. Ive_ _. beenheresinceTuesday knownSuesincetwoyearsago./fortwo years 4.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin1989. _. 5.Daveplaysthepiano.Hestartedwhen hewassevenyearsold. _ _. Ihavehadthecamerasince1989 Davehasplayedthepianosincehewas sevenyearsold 1.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线 部分提问) _havetheybeenhere? 2.Theoldman_lastyear.He _forayear.(die)（动词填空） 3.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同 义句转换) Thisfactory_fortwenty years. Howlong died hasbeendead hasbeenopen 按要求完成句子。 1. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 2. Ten years has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002. A. when B. while C. before D. since 1.Iborrowedthelibrarybooktwodaysago. I_thelibrarybook_two days. 2.Themeetingstartedtenminutesago. A.Themeeting_ _tenminutesago. B.Themeeting_ _tenminutes. havekeptfor hasbeenon hasbeenon since for 同义句 3.MybrotherjoinedthePartylastyear. A.Mybrother_ _thePartysincelastyear. B.Mybrother_ _partymembersincelastyear. 4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago. He_ _ Nanjingfortwoyears. hasbeen in hasbeen a hasbeenawayfrom 5.Thatdogdiedlastmonth. Thatdog_sincelast month. 6.Hehashadthebikefortwoyears. A.Twoyears_sincehe_the bike. B.Its_sincehe_the bike. C.He_thebiketwoyears_. hasbeen dead has passed bought twoyears bought bought ago 1、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线 部分提问) _havetheybeenhere? 2、Theoldman_lastyear.(die/ dead) He_forayear. (die/dead)（选词填空） 3、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同 义 句转换) Thisfactory_fortwenty years. Howlong died hasbeenopen hasbeendead 4、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句 转换) MissGao_ anhour. 5、HermotherhasbeenaParty memberforthreeyears.（同义句） Hermother_thePartythree years_. hasbeenaway for joined ago 1、你来晚了，电影已放了、你来晚了，电影已放了10分钟了。分钟了。 A: You are late. The film for 10 minutes. B: You are late. It ten minutes since the film . C: You are late. The film 10 minutes . has been on is began/starte d began/starte dago 瞬间动词和延续性动词、状态句型转化练习: 2、我叔叔当兵已经有、我叔叔当兵已经有2年了。年了。 A: My uncle _ _ _ the army for 2 years. B: It _ 2 years _ my uncle joined the army. C: My uncle _ the army 2 years ago. 3、Linda 已经感冒已经感冒4、5天了。天了。 A: Linda _ a cold _ 4 to 5 days. B: It _4 to 5 days since Linda _ a cold C: Linda _ a cold 4 or 5 days _ . has been in i s since joined has hadfor iscaught caught ago 4、他爷爷去世已经有、他爷爷去世已经有5年了。年了。 A: His grandpa _ _ _ for 5 years. B: It _ 5 years since his grandpa _. C: His grandpa _5 years _ . 5、你来晚了，火车已经开走了、你来晚了，火车已经开走了20分种了。分种了。 A: Youre late. The train _ _ _ for 20 minutes. B: It _ 20 minutes since the train _. C: The train _20 minutes _ . has been dead isdied die d ag o has been away isleft lef t ago 改错: HowHow longlong havehave youyou becomebecome a a leagueleague membermember？ ForFor moremore thanthan oneone year.year. HaveHave youyou arrivedarrived herehere sincesince lastlast night.night. YesYes，youyourere right.right. TheThe dogdog hashas dieddied forfor a a month.month. HeHe hashas gonegone toto ShanghaiShanghai twice.twice. HowHow longlong havehave beenbeen atat thisthis school?school? SinceSince twotwo yearsyears . . been been been dead been ago. For 1. 1. 她成为一名护士已经三年了。她成为一名护士已经三年了。 2.2. 我五年前就认识李雷了。我五年前就认识李雷了。 3.3. 那些相片我已经寄给他了。（那些相片我已经寄给他了。（postpost） 4.4. 我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。 5.5. 我刚丢了我的历史书。我刚丢了我的历史书。 She has been a nurse for three years. I have known Lilei since five years ago. I have already posted the photos to him. He has taught me since I came to the school. I have just lost my history book. 二翻译 改写句子 1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow. Myfather_just_thebook shop. 2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001. He_Chinesesince2001. 3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago. Thefilm_sincetwominutes ago. 4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears. Itstwoyears_he_themotorbike. He_themotorbiketwoyears_. Twoyears_sincehe_the motor bike. hasreturned from has learned hasbeenon sincebought bough t ago has passed bought 1 UnitUnit 1010 IveIve hadhad thisthis bikebike forfor threethree years.years. Section A GrammarGrammar FocusFocus4c4c TeachingTeaching AimsAims 1.1. KnowledgeKnowledge AimsAims (1) . Students can use the key structures: How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时 了？ Ive had it for three years. 我买了三年了。 How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他的儿子拥有这套轨道火 车多长时间了？ Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起，他就拥有了它。 Have you ever played football? 你曾经踢过足球吗？ Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now. (2) The distinction between simple past tense and present perfect tense. 2.2. AbilityAbility AimsAims (1) Learn and master how to talk about possessions and things around you by using the language chunks. (2) Students can make a distinction between simple past tense and present perfect tense. (3) Students can make a distinction between since and for. 3.3. MoralMoral AimsAims Educate students to treasure every moment that we have. TeachingTeaching KeyKey PointsPoints (1) Learn and master how to talk about possessions and things around you by using the language chunks. (2) Students can make a distinction between since and for. TeachingTeaching DifficultDifficult PointsPoints (1)The distinction between simple past tense and present perfect tense. (2) Students can make a distinction between since and for TeachingTeaching MethodsMethods The activity teaching method, the cooperative learning method, and the task- based language teaching method. Teaching Aids PPT. TeachingTeaching ProceduresProcedures StepStep 1 1 Warming-upWarming-up 1 Show some pictures to the students and get them to ask and answer like this: A: How long have you had this bike? 2 B: Ive had it for two years. StepStep 2 2 GrammarGrammar FocuFocus s 1. Explain the distinction between since and for. forfor 与与 sincesince 都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大： forfor 后须接后须接“时间段时间段” HeHe hashas studiedstudied EnglishEnglish forfor fivefive years.years. 他学英语他学英语 5 5 年了。年了。 sincesince 后须接后须接“时间点时间点” HeHe hashas studiedstudied EnglishEnglish sincesince 1999.1999. 他从他从 19991999 年开始学英语年开始学英语 二者可以转换二者可以转换 forfor + + 一段时间一段时间 = = sincesince + + 一段时间一段时间 + + agoago HeHe hashas beenbeen herehere forfor fivefive weeks.weeks. = = HeHe hashas beenbeen herehere sincesince fivefive weeksweeks ago.ago. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了他到这儿已经有五个星期了 二者引出的时间状语往往用二者引出的时间状语往往用 howhow longlong 提问。提问。 I I havehave hadhad thisthis bookbook forfor twotwo weeks.weeks. HowHow longlong havehave youyou hadhad thisthis book?book? I I havehave hadhad thisthis bookbook sincesince twotwo weeksweeks ago.ago. HowHow longlong havehave youyou hadhad thisthis book?book? 4.4. Explain the distinction between simple past tense and present perfect tense. 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复 发生的动作。e.g. He came here yesterday. 现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响和结果 e.g. He has broken his bottle. 构成不同构成不同 TomTom wentwent toto LondonLondon lastlast year.year. LilyLily hashas beenbeen toto LondonLondon twice.twice. 一般过去时的谓语动词用一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式过去式， 现在完成时的谓语用现在完成时的谓语用“助动词助动词 havehave /has/has + +过去分词过去分词” 用法不同用法不同: : 现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状 态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系联系. . I I hadhad suppersupper anan hourhour agoago我一小时前吃的晚饭。我一小时前吃的晚饭。 （表示过去的动作）（表示过去的动作） I I havehave justjust hadhad suppersupper我刚刚吃过晚饭。我刚刚吃过晚饭。 （强调对现在的影响（强调对现在的影响我不饿）我不饿） HeHe waswas a a teacherteacher thenthen他那时是个教师。他那时是个教师。 （表示过去的状态）（表示过去的状态） HeHe hashas beenbeen a a teacherteacher sincesince thenthen他从那时起一直当教师。他从那时起一直当教师。 （他现在还是教师）（他现在还是教师） 一般过去时常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用，现在完成时常与表示一段时间的时间状一般过去时常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用，现在完成时常与表示一段时间的时间状 语连用，或无时间状语。语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语：一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday,yesterday, onceonce, , lastlast week,week, . ago,ago, inin 1980,1980, inin October,October, justjust nownow 等等具体的时间状语具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语：现在完成时的时间状语： for,for, since,since, soso far,far, ever,ever, never,never, just,just, yet,yet, till,till, upup toto now,now, alwaysalways 等等不确定的不确定的 时间状语时间状语。 TheThe studentsstudents dodo somesome exercise:exercise: ChooseChoose thethe rightright answeranswer oror fillfill inin thethe blanksblanks withwith thethe properproper formform ofof thethe 3 wordswords given.given. (1).(1). -I-I havehave seenseen thethe filmfilm 127127 hourshours already.already. -When-When _ youyou _ it?it? A.A. have,have, seenseen B.B. willwill seesee C.C. did,did, seesee D.D. did,did, seenseen (2).(2). Mr.Mr. BlackBlack _ inin ChinaChina sincesince fivefive yearyears s ago.ago. A.A. livedlived B.B. hashas livedlived C.C. liveslives D.D. isis goinggoing toto livelive (3).(3). - - - _ UncleUncle WangWang _ (mend)(mend) thethe TVTV yet?yet? -Yes,-Yes, he_.he_. -When-When _ hehe _ it?it? - Yesterday.Yesterday. (4).(4). -I-I _ (see)(see) thethe filmfilm ChickenChicken Run.Run. - WhereWhere andand whenwhen _ youyou _ (see)(see) it?it? - LastLast week.week. (5).(5). -_-_ youyou _ (see)(see) thethe filmfilm lastlast night?night? -No,-No, I I _ (see)(see) itit forfor severalseveral times.times. (6).(6). -_-_ youyou _ (return)(return) thethe bookbook toto thethe library?library? - NotNot yet.yet. ButBut I I _ (return)(return) itit thisthis afternoon.afternoon. StepStep 3 3 PracticePractice (4a)(4a) AskAsk thethe studentsstudents toto rewriterewrite thethe sentencessentences usingusing forfor oror sincesince afterafter thethe modelmodel 1.1. 1.1. CheckCheck thethe answers.answers. StepStep 4 4 PracticePractice (4b(4b) ) 1.1. AskAsk thethe studentsstudents toto fillfill thethe blanksblanks withwith thethe correctcorrect formsforms ofof thethe verbsverbs inin bracketbrackets.s. 2.2. CheckCheck thethe answers.answers. StepStep 5 5 GroupGroup workwork (4c)(4c) 1.1. GetGet thethe studentsstudents toto workwork inin pairspairs andand fillfill thethe b blanks.lanks. 2.2. GetGet thethe studentsstudents toto completecomplete thethe chart.chart. 3.3. GetGet thethe studentsstudents toto writewrite a a reportreport likelike thisthis