1、Unit 4 History and Traditions 一重点单词一重点单词 1puzzle. n 谜,智力游戏;疑问谜,智力游戏;疑问 vt 迷惑;使困惑迷惑;使困惑 1.不知如何是好,感到困惑;不知如何是好,感到困惑;in a puzzle 2.解开谜团解开谜团;solve a puzzle 3.带着疑惑的表情带着疑惑的表情:wear a puzzled expression 4.令人费解的事实;令人费解的事实;a puzzling fact 5.Begingning a new life in a new place can be very (puzzling). 2belongvi
2、 应在(某处应在(某处) ;适应;适应 1.归属感归属感: a sense of belonging 2.这是谁的课本?这是谁的课本?Who does this textbook belong to? 3.他是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员。他是高尔夫球俱乐部的成员。He belongs to the golf club. 3defend. v 防御,保护,辩解,辩护防御,保护,辩解,辩护-defence n 防御;保卫防御;保卫 1.为保卫为保卫、 、 、 ;为;为、 、 、辩护、辩护:in defence of 2. 为某人辩护为某人辩护:in ones defence 3.保卫保卫、 、 、免受、
3、免受、 、 、defend.against/from 4.有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护?有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护? What points can be raisedin defence ofthis argument. 4surround. vt 围绕;包围围绕;包围 surrounding 附近的,四周的附近的,四周的 surroundings 环环 境(复数)境(复数) 1.用用、 、 、包围、包围、 、 、surround. with. 2.和和、 、 、在一起,与、在一起,与、 、 、为伍、为伍: surround oneself with. 3.周围环境周围环境:sur
4、rounding environment 4.欣赏环境欣赏环境: enjoy/admire the surroundings 5.美丽的环境美丽的环境:beautiful surroundings 6.适应新环境适应新环境:be/get used to the new surroundings. 5evident 明显的,显然的明显的,显然的evidence证据,根据,证明证据,根据,证明 1.寻找证据寻找证据:look for/search for evidence 2.找到证据找到证据:find evidence 3(出庭)作证(出庭)作证: give evidence 4.医学证据医学证
5、据:medical evidence 5.有力的证据有力的证据:strong evidence 6.一项证据一项证据:a piece of evidence 7.她显然不开心。她显然不开心。It was evident that she was unhappy. 6achievement. n. 成就;成绩;达到成就;成绩;达到 achieve vt .实现实现; (经过努力)取得(经过努力)取得, 达到达到.achievable 可实现的,可达到的可实现的,可达到的: 1.取的成就;取的成就;make an achievment 2.某人在某方面的成就某人在某方面的成就:ones achie
6、vement in 3.在做某事方面取得成就在做某事方面取得成就: make an achievement in doing sth 4.伟大的、了不起的成就:伟大的、了不起的成就: a great /remarkable achievement 5. 她显然不开心。她显然不开心。It was evident that she was unhappy. 7 fascinating 极有吸引力的;迷人的极有吸引力的;迷人的 1.迷人的地方;迷人的地方;a fascinating place 2.引人入胜的故事引人入胜的故事: a fascinating story 3.看上去、听起来迷人看上去、
7、听起来迷人:look/sound fascinating 4.令某人着迷令某人着迷: be fascinating to sb 5.看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。看到不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。 Its fascinating to see how different people approach the problem. 8charge .n.收费;指控;主管收费;指控;主管 vt. 收费;控告;充电收费;控告;充电 1.收他十美元修自行车费收他十美元修自行车费: charging him 10 dollars for repairing his bike. 2.指控
8、他超速指控他超速:charge him with speeding 3.免费免费: free of charge 4.请问我可以和国际销售部的负责人说话吗?请问我可以和国际销售部的负责人说话吗? Could I speak to whoever is in charge of international sales, please. 5.你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个节目吗?你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个节目吗? Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? 9announce vt 宣布;通知;声称宣布;通知;声称 an
9、nouncement.通知,公告通知,公告 1.向某人宣布向某人宣布、 、announce sth to sb 2.据宣布据宣布: it is announced that 3.正如宣布的那样正如宣布的那样: as is announced 4.官方公告官方公告: an official announcement 5. At the end of the meeting, it was announced(announce)that an agreement had been reached 10amount.金额;数量金额;数量 1.大量地、少量地大量地、少量地: in large/smal
10、l amounts. 2.在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。在这么短的时间内他几乎不能做完这些工作。 Hardly could he get through this amount of workin such short time. 3. A large amount of time has been spent_( spend ) in finishing this task so far. 11approach n.方法;途径;接近方法;途径;接近 vt 接近;接洽;着手处理接近;接洽;着手处理vi 靠近靠近 1.走近房子走近房子:approach the house 2.看到、听
11、到看到、听到、 、 、接近、接近: see/hear sb/sth approaching 3.容易接近、难以接近;容易接近、难以接近;be easy/difficult to approach 4.处理问题处理问题:approach the problem/matter 5.、 、 、的来临、的来临: the approach of. 6.做某事的方法做某事的方法: an approach to doing sth 7.在快到在快到、 、 、的时候;、的时候; at the approach of. 12 Generously 慷 慨 的 ; 大 方 的 ; 丰 富 的慷 慨 的 ; 大 方
12、 的 ; 丰 富 的generosity 慷 慨 大 方 地慷 慨 大 方 地 慷慨;大方慷慨;大方 1.对某人很慷慨对某人很慷慨 be generous to 2.乐于做某事乐于做某事 be generous in 3在某方面很大方在某方面很大方:be generous with sth 4.某人做某事真是慷慨。某人做某事真是慷慨。It is generous of sb to do sth. 5.没有你的慷慨帮忙,我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。没有你的慷慨帮忙,我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。 I couldnt have gone through that bitter period with
13、out your generous help. 13eager. adj 热切的;渴望的热切的;渴望的eagerly.热切地,渴望地热切地,渴望地eagerness.热切,热切, 渴望渴望 1.渴望做某事;渴望做某事;be eager to do sth 2.渴望得到某事渴望得到某事: be eager for sth 3.Hes a bright kind and eager to learn( learn). 4.Theyre _eagerly_(eager) waiting for the big day. 5.People were pushing each other out of
14、way in their eagerness(eager) to get to the front. 14greet 问候;迎接问候;迎接greeting 问候;打招呼问候;打招呼 1.迎接客人迎接客人:greet guests 2.在机场迎接某人;在机场迎接某人;greet sb at the airport 3.向某人点头致意向某人点头致意:greet sb with a nod. 4.Whenever I meet her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. 15crowd 人群;一群人;民众人群;一群人
15、;民众挤满;使挤满;使、 、 、拥挤、拥挤 crowded 拥挤的,挤拥挤的,挤 满的满的 1.一群、成群的人一群、成群的人: a crowd of/crowds of people 2.在机场迎接某人在机场迎接某人: in the crowd 3挤进、涌入纽约中心挤进、涌入纽约中心: crowd into the center of new network 4.涌入某人的心头涌入某人的心头:crowded into ones mind 5挤满挤满、 、be crowded with 6. In crowded(crowd) places like airports and railway s
16、tation, you must take care of your luggage. 二重点短语。二重点短语。 1. be similar to 与与、 、 、相似、相似 1在某方面相似在某方面相似 be similar in 2与与、 、 、相同;、相同;the same as 3与与、 、 、不同、不同:be different from 4在在、 、 、方面不同;、方面不同;be different in 5Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 6The two cars are very similar in size and design. 2.
17、be confused by 对对、 、 、感到困惑、感到困惑 1变得困惑变得困惑:become/get confused 2困惑的感情困惑的感情: a confused expression 3把把 A 和和 B 弄混;弄混;confuseAwith B 4All the roads looked the same and he felt confused. 5注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。 Be careful not to confuse quantity with quality. 3. join.to.把把、 、 、和、和、 、 、连接或联结起来、连接或联结
18、起来 1Connect.with/to、 、 、把把、 、跟、跟、 、联系起来、联系起来 2与与、 、 、 “有关系、有联系多种表达:有关系、有联系多种表达: Be related to ; be linked with/to be involved in; be associated with; have something to do with 3You have to join the smaller piece of wood to the main part. 4. break away(from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱;克服(习惯)脱离;背叛;逃脱;克服(习惯) 1打碎;分
19、裂打碎;分裂; (会议或聚会)结束,散会(会议或聚会)结束,散会; (团体)解散(团体)解散:break up 2出故障;垮掉;失败出故障;垮掉;失败: break down 3突破突破:Break through 4 (战争、火灾)突然发生、爆发(战争、火灾)突然发生、爆发:break out 5上周史密斯家的汽车被撬了。上周史密斯家的汽车被撬了。 The Smiths had their car _broken _ _into_last week. 6那位老人不在家时,窃贼闯进屋里了。那位老人不在家时,窃贼闯进屋里了。 Thieves had broke _ _in_while the o
20、ld man was away. 5.结果为;导致;结果为;导致; 1由于;源自由于;源自:result from 2结果,因此结果,因此: as a result 3作为作为、 、 、 、的结果、的结果 as a result of 4我们还在处理过去的因失误所造成的问题。我们还在处理过去的因失误所造成的问题。 We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the post. 6.as well as 同(一样也同(一样也) ;和;还;和;还 1In this day and age, women can h
21、ave children and jobs as well 2The basketball coach, as well as his team was interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. 3This training program can give you a gift at work, as well as increase your income by 40%. 7.leave behind 落下、忘带;留下;把落下、忘带;留下;把、 、抛在后面、抛在后面 1把我的伞落在火车上把我
22、的伞落在火车上: leave my umbrella behind on the train. 2动身去北京;动身去北京;leave for Beijing 3不要打扰我不要打扰我:leave me alone 4省去具体细节省去具体细节:leave out details 5漏掉一个字母漏掉一个字母:leave out a letter 6他动身前往华盛顿,把几个孩子留给了他的母亲。他动身前往华盛顿,把几个孩子留给了他的母亲。 He set off for Washington, leaving the children behind his mother. 8.date back to 起
23、源于,追溯到起源于,追溯到 1这所学院创办于中世纪。这所学院创办于中世纪。 The college dates back to medieval times. 2这些可以追溯到这些可以追溯到 1855 年的石阶开始出现磨损。年的石阶开始出现磨损。 The stone steps, dating back to 1885.Are beginning to wear. 9.keep your eyes open(for)keep you eyes out (for )留心;留意留心;留意 1吸引某人的注意吸引某人的注意: catch ones eye 2注视,盯着看注视,盯着看: fix ones
24、 eyes on 3照看;留意;密切注意照看;留意;密切注意:keep an eye on 4对对、 、 、有鉴赏力;、有鉴赏力;have an eye for. 5直视某人直视某人:look sb in the eye 10. offer sb sth 向某人提供某物;向某人提供某物;offer sth to sb 1愿意、主动提出做某事愿意、主动提出做某事:offer to do sth 2提供帮助、提出建议提供帮助、提出建议:offer help/advice 3 “提供给某人某物提供给某人某物”的表达:的表达:provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb
25、 Supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb 4-why did you have the position? I _was offered_(offer)a better position at IBM. 11.make up:组成,构成;编造;化妆;弥补:组成,构成;编造;化妆;弥补 组成一个队组成一个队 :make up a team 编故事:编故事:make up a story 编借口:编借口:make up an excuse 在镜子前化妆:在镜子前化妆:make up before the mirror 弥补损失:弥补损失:make up for th
26、e loss 12Breathe in 吸气;吸入吸气;吸入 1深呼吸:深呼吸:breathe deeply 2呼气;呼出(气体呼气;呼出(气体) ;breathe out 3松一口气松一口气: breathe a sigh of relief 4深吸一口气深吸一口气: take a deep breath 4屏住呼吸;屏息以待屏住呼吸;屏息以待;hold ones breath 5上气不接下气;上气不接下气;out of breath 三重要句型三重要句型 1. must have been 一定做过某事一定做过某事 1我一定是在上历史课的那一部分时睡着了。我一定是在上历史课的那一部分时睡着
27、了。 I must have been asleep in that part of our history class. 2汤姆上班从来不迟到。为什么他今天缺席了?汤姆上班从来不迟到。为什么他今天缺席了? -Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? 他一定是发生了什么事?他一定是发生了什么事? -something must have happened to him. 2.sb/sth is likely to do sth 某人、某物有可能做某事某人、某物有可能做某事 1你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 You are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. 2如果你在一个大家庭中长大,你就更有可能发展与他人和睦相处的能力如果你在一个大家庭中长大,你就更有可能发展与他人和睦相处的能力。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others.