1、 Watch and answer the questions. 1.Are humans part of Earths ecosystems? why? 2. In what ways can humans affect ecosystems? Humans can affect ecosystems in positive and negative ways. For example, to have a positive influence on ecosystems, people can plant trees, feed and protect animals, recycle t
2、hings, etc. However, deforestation, air and water pollution and excessive waste affect ecosystems in a negative way. Yes. Humans are part of Earths ecosystems. Because all the living things live in ecosystems and people are living things. Starting out Look at the satellite images and answer the ques
3、tions. 1.What is happening to the area according to the satellite images? 2.What do you think a later satellite image would show? Aral Sea is becoming smaller and smaller / shrinking. 3.What do you think caused these changes? The Aral Sea Crisis The Aral Sea is situated in Central Asia, between Kaza
4、khstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south. It was once the worlds fourth largest lake, and contained 10 grammes of salt per litre.The rivers flowing into the Aral Sea are the river Syr Darya from the north and the river Amu Darya from the south. In the 1960s , the two rivers were diverted away
5、 from the Aral Sea so that people could irrigate the surrounding desert region and focus on cotton production. As a result, the Aral Sea has been decreasing in size, and by 1997, it had shrunk to a tenth of its original size, splitting into four lakes. By 2009, the south-eastern lake had disappeared
6、 altogether, and the south-western lake had been reduced to a thin strip, with a salinity level of more than 110 grammes per litre. This shrinking of the Aral Sea became known as “one of the planets worst environmental disasters”; the decline of the once-thriving fishing industry brings unemployment
7、 and economic hardship to the surrounding region. Understanding ideas Look at the picture and answer the questions. 1.What animals can you see in the picture? 2. What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this? 2.They would hunt the birds a
8、nd eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance. Penguins , elephant seals , wild birds Read the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island. Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds, and led to a substantial reduction of bird popul
9、ation and even the extinction of parakeets. In addition, non-native species ate and devastated the native vegetation. All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island. But now the islands ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts. From what aspects does the writer
10、 introduce the island in para.1? Location 1486km1486km 1294km1294km Shape long and thin Why? Strong winds and stormy seas In the _ ocean , _ between Australia and Antarctic. South-west Pacific halfway landscapeGreen grass; bare rock; a wild and natural beauty Inhabitants royal penguins ; king pengui
11、ns; elephant seals Humans arrived in1810 Purposes To live there To hunt for sea animals To control rats and mice To be a source of food for humans took over the island Eat birds eggs Attack baby birds Purposes Purposes Results Results Results Develop an appetite for birds multiplied quickly eat the
12、native vegetation digging holes cause soil erosion more rabbits means more cats Time In the 1970s In the 1980s measures results The large number of mice and rats ? The remaining 10000 rabbits ? Disastrous results in2006 Caused some land to collapse Killed a substantial number of penguins Remove all
13、the invading species once and for all. Fill in the following blanks with information in para.4-5 Became an official nature reserve; A virus was released to control rabbits Traps and dogs - catch the cats Rabbits were reduced to 10000. The cats - native birds The last cat was caught in 2000 Rats star
14、ted to increase 1. Whats the authors mission on the island? Remove the last remaining invading species 2. How do you understand the sentence “ .” at the end of the passage ? It is humans that have caused great damage to the island and it is our duty to help it return to normal. Read the last paragra
15、ph with the following questions. To avoid similar situations in the future, we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems. 3.How could similar situations be avoided in the future? 1810meanwhile 18911970s According to the tim
16、e order, can you retell the passage? 1980s20002006now In 2014, Macquarie Island is pest-free and its ecology is on the road to recovery. In 2016, the permanent scientific research station was closed down. Better late than never！ 1.To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction. 2. To inf
17、orm readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by Humans. 3. To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island. 4. To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected. Choose the authors purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons. 1 When did Macquarie
18、Islands tragic story begin? A In 1870 B When humans arrived on the island. C When humans planted many different plants there. D When people raised rabbits there. 2 Which of the following animals wasnt brought to the island by humans? A Parakeets. B Cats. C Mice. D Rabbits. Reading comprehension 3 Wh
19、ich way was mentioned to remove rabbits? A Using traps and dogs. B Raising more cats. C Releasing a virus onto the island. D Killing them. 4.According to the passage, which of the following is right? A Macquarie Island became a nature reserve in the 1980s. B The last Macquarie Island cat disappeared
20、 in 1990. C The virus solved the rabbit problem. D Rabbits developed an immunity to the virus and their numbers exploded once again. Macquarie Island used to be a naturally beautiful place but everything changed 1_ humans arrived on the island. They brought rats and mice onto the island, and these s
21、mall animals quickly took over the island, 2_(eat) the birds eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. 3_(fortunate), the cats subsequently developed 4_ appetite for the birds too. Meanwhile, rabbits 5_(introduce) to the island as a source of food f
22、or humans, but they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, 6_ caused soil erosion. 直击高考直击高考 when eating Unfortunately an were introduced which The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats. 7_ consequence, the number of cats also increased
23、. This in turn led to more cats 8_(hunt) the birds. Later, a virus was released onto the island, and the rabbit population decreased. But meanwhile the cats killed more birds for lack of food. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used 9_(catch) the cats, and it worked. With the departure of cats from t
24、he island, the mouse and rat population increased again. The rabbits also developed an immunity to the virus, and their number s exploded again. This incident made 10_ clear that the problem needed solving once and for all . In hunting to catch it Homework Please design a poster to call on the students in your school to protect our living conditions . In the poster you are required to list 10 practical dos and donts.
