1、 一.一.一般体一般体 （一）（一） 一般现在时一般现在时 1 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态， 常与频度副词及表示现 在的时间状语连用。 always, often, usually, sometimes, hardly, frequently, on Sundays, seldom , yearly 2 表示主语目前的性质、特征、状态或能力等。 He is a man of few words. Tenses 时态时态 3 表示客观事实、普遍真理及自然现象， 或用在格言中。 It snows often in northern China . 4 表示按规定、计划、安排、时间表等马上
2、要发生的事情， 常与具体的时间 状语连用。 该用法常用于火车时刻表、飞机航班时刻表，以及电影开演、作 息、安排等时刻表上， 且仅限于少数表示短暂意义的动词， 如： come, go ,arrive, leave, begin, start, take off, finish, stop The flight to Hong Kong takes off at 10 tomorrow. （二二） 一般过去时一般过去时 1 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，其中包括过去的习惯性 动作，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 如： yesterday, in 2020, the other day, d
3、ays/years ago, once upon a time, the day before yesterday, last week/month/year Once upon a time , there was an old man living in the old house. 2 描述过去时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。 He opened his eyes, put on his clothes quickly and jumped down from the bed. 3 有些动作发生的时间没有具体表明，但实际上是“刚刚，刚才”发生， 应使用一般过去时。 I didnt know
4、you were here. (三）三） 一般将来时一般将来时 1 will/shall +动词原型 1）表示将要发生的动作或将来存在的状态， shall 一般用于第一人称， will 可用于各种人称， 常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 tomorrow, in the future, later on , before long, next week/month/year, the day after tomorrow. 2) Will 还可表示说话时临时作出的决定。 -Dr Jackson is not in his office at the moment. -All right. I wi
5、ll call him later. 2 be going to + 动词原形 表示按计划、打算将要做某事件；还可以表示“预见”，即根据某种迹象预 示着要发生某事。 Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 3 be about to do +动词原形/be on the point of doing 这两种结构不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用，但可以和并列连词when引 出的分句连用。 The train is about to start. 4 be to do They are to meet at the gate of the scho
6、ol.(表按计划） You are to report it to the police.( 按职责，规定，命令等应该做某事） Your plan is to be a failure.(表示注定要发生的事情） (四）过去将来时四）过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 should/would +do was/were (going /about) to do He said he would be here at nine oclock. 二二. 进行体进行体 （一）（一） 现在进行时现在进行时 1 表示现在（说话人说话时）正在发生或进行的动作、状态、或现阶
7、段一 直进行着的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。 am/is/are doing now, right now, at present, these days, at this moment 2 一些非延续性动词可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作， 常见的这类动词有： come, go, leave, arrive, start, begin, return, move, take (二）二） 过去进行时过去进行时 1 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动 作。 Was/were doing 常用的时间状语有： at this/that time (y
8、esterday/the day before yesterday) , at oclock , fromto , those days, just now 现在进行时及过去进行时常与always, constantly, continually, all the time 等连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性动作，或强调赞赏，生气，厌恶，好奇 等感情色彩，不强调动作正在进行。 He is always helping others. She is forgetting something all the time. 2 表示动作在另一个过去的动作发生时正在进行，常与when, while引导的时
9、间状语从句连用。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday . 3 一些非延续性动词可用在过去进行时表示过去按计划，安排将要发生的动 作，多用于从句中。常见的该类动词有： go ,come, leave, start, arrive, return, work, move He said he was starting the next day. (三）三） 将来进行时将来进行时 表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的 时间状语连用。 其构成是 : will be doing at this ti
10、me tomorrow/the day after tomorrow by then, from 1:30 to 4:30 tomorrow Robert will be cooking dinner at this time tomorrow. (四）现在完成进行时四）现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 1 表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去，常和for, since引导的 时间状语连用。 Tom looks tired because he has been cleaning the house since 9 am. 2 表示重复性动作。 You have be
11、en saying you can succeed for five years. 3 表示某种感情色彩。 Too much has been happening today. 三三.完成体完成体 （一）（一） 现在完成时现在完成时 1 表示过去发生且已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 have/has done 常用的时间状语： already, just, yet, before I have already seen the film. 2 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，也许还将持续下去的动作或状 态。常用的时间状语： lately, recently, in the l
12、ast/past few days/years, since then, up to now, so far In the past few years, many new railways have been laid down. 3 在“最高级+名词”或“It /That is /will be the first (second)time”之 后的定语从句中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 This is the first time (that) I have come here. 4 瞬间动词又叫非延续性动词。瞬间动词可以用于完成时态， 但不可以接表 示一段时间的状语；若要接表示一段时间的状
13、语，需要一些转换。 He has come to Beijing since last year. He has lived in Beijing since last year. buyhave borrow-keep get married- be married get to know-know leave-away come back-be back fall ill-be ill die-be dead turn off-be off begin-be go to bed-sleep join -be a member of (二）过去完成时二）过去完成时 1过去完成时，表示过去的过
14、去。 had+done He said that he had been abroad for 3 years. 2 表示过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去的另一时间，还可能持续下去， 常用的时间状语有：by/until/before/by the end of +过去的某一时间”. By then he had learned English for 3 years. 3 表示愿望，打算的词。如:hope, expect, mean, intend want, suppose等， 其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。 I had hoped to see more of Shangha
15、i. 4 用于某些固定句型中： （1）Hardly/Scarcely/Rarelywhen, No soonerthan, when 和than 从句里用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，且用倒装，表示“刚刚就”. Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down. (2) It was /had been +一段时间+since从句。 Since 从句的为证用过去完成时。 It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. (3) That/ It /This
16、 was the first/secondtime+ that从句。 That从句的谓语要用过去完成时。 It was the third time (that) he had left the key at home. (三）将来完成时三）将来完成时 将来完成时表示到将来某一时间， 某一动作将会完成。 will have done. 常用的时间状语为“ by+将来的某个时间” By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students. 1 Chinas high-speed railways _(grow)
17、 from 9000 to 25000 km in the past few years. 2 -Hi, I am Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around. - Hello, Peter. I am Bob. I just _(start) on Monday. 3 I _(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 4 People _(have) better access to health care than they us
18、ed to, and theyre living longer as a result. have grown started was driving have practice 5 Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 6 Dashan, who _(learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tra
19、dition. 7 As you go through this book, you _(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience. 8 They made up their minds that they _(buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. had become has been learning will find would buy I woke at dawn again and al
20、ready the birds 1 _ (sing). In the coming days, we 2 _ (pain) the toilet block that we had been building over the last two months. were singing Complete the blog with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. would be painting I 3_ (live) in this Cambodian village for two months. Despite the hard p
21、hysical work, I 4 _ (not regret) for one moment choosing to spend my gap year as a volunteer for the Cambodia Foundation. It is wonderful to meet such friendly local people who are happy to share their lives with us. have been living dont regret I 5 _ (feel) happy and free of worries. And, of course
22、, I 6 _ (become) fitter. This gap year has been a fantastic opportunity for my personal growth, and I surely 7 _ (continue) to learn about how other people live their lives after it ends. feel am becoming will continue Work in pairs. Read the profile and talk about Davids life Using different tenses
23、 where appropriate. PERSONAL INFORATION Date of Birth 20 June 2001 Nationality British EDUCATION 2007-2013 Carson Primary School 2013-2019 Wildwood High School EXTRACURRICULAR EXPERIENCE Sept 2017 first prize for school science project Apr-Oct 2018 exchange programme in China Jul 2019-present gap ye
24、ar in Cambodia FUTURE PLANS undergraduate study at Newcastle University chemical engineer after graduation voluntary work to help people in need David Mason Read the conversation and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold. 1 What difficult decision is Li Ling facing? Why is s
25、he feeling worried? 2 What does Jenny suggest to her? 1 She has to make a choice between studying physics at her dream university, as she has been admitted without taking any exam, and taking the college entrance exam and applying to the Medical School. She cant make up her mind what the right thing
26、 to do is. 2 Jenny at first suggested to Li Ling that she should go for her preferred major. Then she suggested that she could put off making a decision until she has spoken to her high school advisor. Since Li Ling still could not make a decision, Jenny suggested that they go for lunch and then wei
27、gh up the options. Read the statements and complete the sentences with correct form of expressions in Activity 5. 1 May is _. 2 Jane is _. 3 Paul finds it easy _. 4 Bill is _. 5 Amanda wants to _. 6 Jia Ying has decided to _. having second thoughts putting off making a decision to make up his mind r
28、ejecting something out of hand weigh up the options pass up the opportunity Read the passage and answer the questions 1 Students can achieve new accomplishments, learn about society and become more independent via part-time jobs. / Students can develop into mature and responsible members of society
29、via part-time jobs. 2 In the UK, the law states that students aged 15 and 16 are allowed to work a maximum of 12 hours per week during term time, and 35 hours per week during school holidays. They are not allowed to work before 7 am or after 7 pm. 1 What can students achieve via part-time jobs? 2. W
30、hat regulations are in place for students doing part-time jobs in the UK? Listen to the interview and choose the job Richard applied for. Listen again and complete the notes. Why did Richard apply for this job?Why did Richard apply for this job? Because he has always been interested in 1_. . What di
31、d Richard do in his previous holiday?What did Richard do in his previous holiday? He worked in a youth hostel in Vietnam, 2 _ 3 He worked _ in Bali. He 4 _ in Thailand. dealing with people guiding visitors to local sites as a lifeguard on the beach worked selling food at a street stall Why does Rich
32、ard believe he is suitable for the job?Why does Richard believe he is suitable for the job? Because he is a 5_ and outgoing person, and feels happy when 6_. Why did Richard do part-time job?Why did Richard do part-time job? His 7_ have made him a flexible individual. Because he 9 _ his holiday times
33、. Because the experiences would 10 _. 8 _ is relevant. friendly he is working hard to satisfy people travel experiences His previous work experience desires to make the best use of prepare him for his future college application Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. Would you mi
34、nd ? May I ask why ? The reason is Its because Could you tell me? Id say its due to , if you wouldnt Would you explain? mind? Its a result of Asking polite questions Giving reasonsAsking polite questions Giving reasons Asking polite questions Giving reasons Would you mind ? May I ask why? Could you tell me? Would you explain? if you wouldnt mind. The reason is Its because Id say its due to Its a result of Thank you!
