（2021新教材）人教版高中英语必修第一册（高一）期末备考重点归纳及写作指导（5份打包）.zip

Unit1 Teenage life section 【重点词汇重点词汇】 1.prefer vt. 较喜欢 prefer. to . 喜欢 .多于 . would rather .than .宁愿.而不愿. 2.move vt.移动；使感动 movement n.动作；活动 moving adj.动人的；感人的 moved adj.使感动的 3.act v. 行动；表演 actor n. 演员 actress n. 女演员 action n. 行为；行动 actual adj.实际的 actually adv.事实上；的确 4.confuse 订.使迷惑；使糊涂 confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的 confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的 5.advance v. & n.前进；发展 advanced adj. 高级的；先进的 advancement n.先进；发展 6.obvious adj.明显的；显然的 obviously adv.明显地；显然地 obviousness n.明显； 显而易见 7.responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 responsibility n. 责任；义务 be responsible for 对负责 8.schedule n.工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定 ahead of schedule 提前 9.adventure n.冒险；奇遇 adventurer n.探险家；冒险家 a spirit of adventure 冒险精神 10.youth n.青年时期； 青春； 青年男子 youths pl. the youths of today 当代青年 youth culture 年轻人的文化 the nations youth 全国青年 11.behave vz.表现；举止 behave badly/well 表现差/好 behave . toward someone 对待某人 behave oneself 举止得体 behaviour n. 行为； 举止 12.attract vt.吸引；引起的注意或兴趣 be attracted to 喜爱 13.focus vt.& vi.（使）集中， （使）调节焦距 focus attention 集中注意力 focus a camera 使照相机对焦 focus your eyes 集中目光 focus on 集中；特别关注 14.addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾 n.对.入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 addicted adj.上瘾的；沉迷于某种嗜好的 be addicted to 对很入迷 【教材原句教材原句】 1.The building is so big that Im completely lost.(P16) 那栋大楼太大了，以至于我在里面完全迷路了。 2.I tried out for the team. (P16) 我参加了啦啦队的选拔。 3.But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it difficult to focus on other things in life.(P18) 花费太多时间上网不利于健康，同时，它也使人难以集中精力于生活中的其他 事情。 【书面表达书面表达-应用文应用文-建议信建议信】 技法指导技法指导 本单元的写作任务是写建议信。建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建 议 或忠告，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。建议信可以 写给 个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组 织或者 机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。建议信要给出写信的原因， 建议的内 容，提出建议的理由；而且提出的理由要合情合理。语气一定要得 当，既要委 婉礼貌，又要有说服力。 建议信由五部分构成： 1 .信头(heading),写信人的姓名和地址要写在右上角，收信人的姓名 和地址要写 在左上角。 2.称呼(salutation),即对收信人的称呼，一般用 Dear/My dear .。 3.正文(body),即信件的主要内容，用语要简明扼要，条理清晰，写清 楚建议的 理由，建议的内容，指出建议的意义，从而使对方接受所提建议。 4.信尾客套语(complimentary close),写信人在信的右下角，写上表示 自己对收信 人一种礼貌客气的谦称，一般有 Sincerely yours, Yburs sincerely, Yours truly, Yours 等。 5.信尾签名(signature),在信末写上写信人的姓名，如：Li Hua。 经典句式经典句式 1.开头常用语 (1 )Thank you very much for your letter! 来信已收到，甚为感谢！ (2)Glad to receive your letter of July 3rd. 很高兴收到你 7 月 3 日的来信。 (3)Fm writing to express . 我写信是为了表达 (4)Fm writing to ask about . 我写信给你，想询问 2.正文常用语 (1)1 think it would do great good if you could . 我认为如果你能这会很有好处 (2)1 would like you to consider the following suggestions. 我希望你能考虑如下建议 (3)Here are some suggestions for your reference. 这里有一些建议供你参考。 (4)The following are some suggestions for you. 以下是一些建议供你参考。 (5)First. /Second . /Last. /Last but not least. 首先/其次/最后/最后但并非不重要的 3 .结尾常用语 (1)1 hope you will take my advice . 我希望你采纳我的建议 (2)1 hope you will consider my suggestions. 我希望你考虑我的建议。 (3)Thank you fbr reading my letter. 谢谢你读我的信。 (4)Pm looking forward to hearing from you soon. 盼望早日来信。 (5)Please give/send my regards/best wishes to . 代我向问好。 典例演练 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jim 将作为交换生来中国学习，他来信向你 询问如何更好地融入到寄宿家庭和应该注意的餐桌礼仪方面的问题，请你就此 内容给他写一封回信。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 精彩范文 Dear Jim, Im glad to know you will come to China as an exchange student. Here are my suggestions about your manners in a Chinese host family. In my opinion, helping your host family with some housework is definitely an effective approach to engaging with them. Furthermore, a warm and harmonious atmosphere can be created. When it comes to table manners, we often let the seniors eat first to show respect for them. Besides, you should avoid tapping the bowls with chopsticks, which is impolite. In fact, the best policy is “When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【总评】 本文作者用简洁明快的语言合理表达试题中的所有信息。 信件内容丰富，用语灵活多样，不就事论事； 上下文衔接自然，条理清晰，连接词和过 渡句式运用恰当； 语气诚恳婉转，符合建议信的格式和风格。 体现了作者较强的语言运用能力。 【亮点呈现】 (1)作者运用句式 Here are my suggestions about.直入主题，以引起对方高度重视， 引出自己要表达的内容。 (2)短语 In my opinion, Besides, In fact 等的运用，承上启下，使得信件结构紧凑， 言简意赅。 (3)巧妙使用西方谚语When in Rome, do as Romans do”巧妙表达中心意 思，属 点睛之笔。 跟踪演练跟踪演练 为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了 “HEARTTO HEART 专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑李华，收到一封署名为 Worried 的求助信。信中 该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了 影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。 要点如下： 1.表示理解并给予安慰。 2.提出建议并说明理由。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：脾气；情绪 temper 精彩范文 Dear Worried, Im glad that you write to me and ask fbr some advice on your mood problem. The fact is that everyone will have one of these periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you dont have to worry so much. Here are some useful tips. First, it is very important to talk to someone you trust. This is a good way of reducing your stress. Second, try to play team games with your friends, which is effective to get rid of bad mood. And third, remain optimistic about your future. A positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits. I hope my suggestions will do favor to you. Yours, Li Hua 【课外拓展阅读课外拓展阅读-中华传统文化中华传统文化】 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形 式。 Situated in the Haidian District, northwest of Beijing, the Summer Palace is15 kilometers away from the downtown area. Being the 1 (large) and most well- preserved royal garden in China, it 2 (great) influences Chinese horticulture (园艺)and landscape with 3 (it) famous natural views and the works of humankind. Originally 4 (name) Qingyi Yuan or the Garden of Clear Ripples, the Summer Palace was first constructed in 1750. It later 5 (become) the main residence of royal members at the end of the Qing Dynasty. However, like most of the gardens in Beijing, the Summer Palace 6 (destroy) by fire and was razed to the ground by the Anglo-French Allied Forces. Rebuilt in 1886, it was supposed to serve 7 a summer resort for the Empress Dowager Cixi. In 1900, the Summer Palace suffered another hit by the EightPower Allied Forces. Then the government spent two years 8 (repair) it. In 1924, it was open to 9 public. The Summer Palace was added to the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1998, and became one of the first national AAAAA tourist10 (spot) in China. 答案： 1. largest 2. greatly 3. its 4. named 5. became 6.was destroyed 7.as 8.repairing 9.the 10.spots 佳句欣赏 The Summer Palace is the largest and the most well-preserved royal garden in the world with the richest cultural connotation, hence it is honored as the museum of royal gardens. 颐和园是世界上建筑规模最大、保存最完整、文化内涵最丰富的皇家御 苑，被 誉为皇家园林博物馆。 Unit2 Travelling around section 【重点词汇重点词汇】 1.apply vz. 向提供住处 14.admire vt.钦佩；赞赏 admiration n.钦佩；赞美 admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞扬的 admire sb. for .因为.而钦佩某人 15 . architect n.建筑设计师 architecture n.建筑设计；建筑学 architectural adj.建筑学的；建筑上的 16.civilised adj.开化的，文明的 civilisation n.文明；文明世界 17.economy n. 经济； 节约 economics n. 经济学 economic adj. 经济的；经济学的 18.check in （在旅馆、机场等）登记 check out 结账离开（旅馆等） 19.see v.看见 sight n.景象；视力；视野 in sight 在视野范围内 out of sight 在视野范围外；看不见了 【教材原句教材原句】 1.Im looking forward to seeing the colourful lakes, amazing waterfalls . (P25) 我期待看到五彩缤纷的湖泊，壮观迷人的瀑布 2.You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the forest.(P26) 然后你可以花上三天的时间跟着当地导游探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 3.Some friends and I are going to that new water park on Saturday.(P28) 我和几个朋友打算星期六去那家新开的水上公园。 4.Its going to be sunny in the morning and not very windy, so Im having a picnic with my friends. (P2 8) 上午天气晴朗，风不大，所以我将和朋友们一起去野餐。 5.My dad loves history and I have heard that this museum is known as a “Chinese treasure house” ！ (P30) 我爸爸酷爱历史，而且我听说这家博物馆以“中国宝库”而闻名。 6.I want to experience some Chinese culture and see the natural beauty there, butmy main goal is to find out which university is the best for me to attend. (P3 3) 我想体验一些中国文化，领略那里的自然风光，但是，我的主要目标还是弄清 楚哪所大学是最适合我的。 【书面表达书面表达-应用文应用文-旅游计划旅游计划】 技法指导技法指导 网络技术的飞速发展，为我们提供了一个崭新的交流平台，电子邮件是 高 中生并不陌生的网络工具，它取代了传统的信件形式，以前所未有的方便、 快 捷、经济，可修改、可删除、可保存等特点为越来越多的人所接受。 基本内容 关于旅游计划的电子邮件最重要的是邮件内容，通常包括称谓、正文、 结 尾用语及署名。 1.称谓 第一次给对方写信，称谓最好用“Dear+全名”，这样比较正式。如果对方以 非正式口吻来信，我们也可以类似非正式地回复。比如：“Hello/Hi Lillian”。 2.正文 在书写正文时，把最重要的事情写在正文最前面或者邮件内容较长时写 在 第一段，例如首先写出该邮件的目的是告知旅游计划。邮件段落控制在两 三段 之内。如果一封电子邮件涉及多个行程安排，我们可以采用分条目（如符 号、 小标题或编号）的方法，来使得邮件想要表达的内容层次清晰。 3.结尾 结尾语通常是一些表达期待回复、祝好的常用语。 4.署名 在正文最后需要署名，可以写全名，也可以只写名字。需要辨明性别时可 以在姓名后面注明(Mr/Ms)。 经典句式经典句式 1.开头常用语 (1)How are you been recently? 最近好吗？ (2)1 am happy to receive your e-mail. 很高兴收到你的邮件。 (3)How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！ 2.正文常用语 (1)1 am delighted to tell you that. 我很高兴地告诉你 (2)We would like to meet you at the station . 我们将到车站去接你 (3)We agree with you on the travel plan . 我们同意你们的旅游计划 (4)1 suggest you pack light clothes . 我建议你带轻便装来 (5)Will you go with us to explore the wild jungle and camp . ? 你愿意和我们去丛林探险并在野营吗？ (6)Should we start out before if possible? 如果可能，我们可否在之前动身？ (7)If you wish, we would be happy to . 如果你希望，我们很乐意 3.结尾常用语 (1)Looking forward to seeing you soon. 期待很快能见到你。 (2)We look forward to hearing from you soon. 我们期待很快能得到您的回复。 (3)Remember to send my regards to . 请代我向.问好。 典例演练 假设你是北京市某中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友 Peter 最近在南京做交 换生，他下周末将来北京游玩，请你给他做导游并制定一份旅游计划。请根据 所给提示给他写一封电子邮件。 内容主要包括： 1.出发的时间； 2.活动内容：游颐和园，品北京烤鸭(Beijing Roast Duck),参观北京大 学等。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, Welcome to Beijing. Id like to show you around Beijing. What do you think? Let me know if you have got any suggestions. Yours Li Hua 精彩范文 Dear Peter， Welcome to Beijing. Id like to show you around Beijing. Im writing to tell you my plan for your trip. Next Sunday I intend to pick you up at your hotel at 9： 00 am. 1 think its appropriate for us to set off for the Summer Palace first, where well take a walk along the Long Corridor by the pretty lake. Then itll be time for lunch. Were going to enjoy Beijing Roast Duck, a famous dish of Beijing. After lunch, well be heading for Peking University, one of the top universities in China. Youll be impressed by the beautiful campus while you are shown around before returning to your hotel for dinner. What do you think? Let me know if you have got any suggestions. Yours, Li Hua 【总评】 作者根据要求的信息进行谋篇布局，把核心信息点有机地结合在一起， 按 照先后顺序进行表达。首先说明欢迎对方来访（已给出）并说明写信的目的 （介绍自己的计划） ，然后介绍行程安排，最后征求对方意见（已给出） ，做到 了 前后连贯，首尾呼应，浑然一体。 【亮点呈现】 (1)范文时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，符合本书信的要求。 (2)“I think its appropriate for us to set off for the Summer Palace first, where we!ll take a walk along the Long Corridor by the pretty lake.”使用 了 where 引导的 状 语从句，使得句式多样化。 (3)“Were going to enjoy Beijing Roast Duck, a famous dish of Beijing.一旬 中 a famous dish of Beijing 省略了 which is,作定语修饰 Beijing Roast Duck 这使得 句子言简意赅。 (4)youll be impressed by the beautiful campus while you are shown around before returning to your hotel for dinner.使用 了 be impressed by 的句式和 while 引导 的时间状语从句，这使得句式多样化，使文章灵活多姿。 跟踪演练 假定你是李华，你打算和妈妈一起去度假。请给你的英国笔友 John 写一封 电子邮件，告诉他你们的度假方案并征求意见。 内容包括： 1.出行时间； 2.目的地及选择此处的原因； 3.拟定的活动安排； 4.费用问题。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右（开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数） ； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear John, Ive looked at several possible places where I can go on holiday together with my mom. We prefer to go to Yours, Li Hua 精彩范文 Dear John， Ive looked at several possible places where I can go on holiday together with my mom. We prefer to go to the South Island in New Zealand because both of us have never been there before. We can explore the forests and walk along the beach, enjoying the natural beauty. We also have the chance to taste the traditional food. We plan to take the trip during the first week of October. The 7-day trip costs about 7,000 yuan per person. But my mom only wants to spend 3,000 yuan for each. Anyhow, I think this trip sounds really exciting and my mom likes it very much! Should we book it? Any advice? Please let me know. Yours, Li Hua 【课外拓展阅读课外拓展阅读-中华传统文化中华传统文化】 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确 形 式。 The Chinese language is one of the 1 (old) written language in the world It 2 (speak) by the Han majority and many other ethnic groups in China. Nearly 1.3 billion people speak some form of Chinese as their first language. The varieties of Chinese are 3 (usual) described by native speakers as dialects of a single Chinese language, but linguists note that they are as diverse as a language family. There are between 7 and 13 main regional groups of Chinese, of 4 the most spoken by far is Mandarin，5 (follow)by Wu5 Min, Yue, etc. Standard Chinese is a standardized form of spoken Chinese based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. It is 6 official language of China, and also one of the six official 7 (language) of the United Nations. Though many Chinese dialects exist, the written language is still a very common form of communication. If we go to 8 (difference) provinces, we may not be able 9 (communicate) with the local people verbally,but we can understand each other in writing. And the written language can be further divided 10 different forms, like simplified Chinese and traditional Chinese. There is also a form called pinyin, which is the Chinese language with a roman spelling. 答案： 1.oldest 2.is spoken 3.usually 4.which 5. followed 6.the 7.languages 8.different 9.to communicate 佳句赏析 Chinese is a very old language, and it is the crystalization of the splendid culture which has developed continuously for over 5,000 years. 汉语是一门很古老的语言，它是五千多年持续发展的灿烂文化的结晶。 Unit3 Sports and fitness section 【重点词汇重点词汇】 1. fitness n.健康；健壮；适合 fit adj.合适的；健壮的 keep fit 保持健康；养生 2.event 队比赛项目；大事；公开活动 eventual 旳.结果的；最终的 eventually adv.结果地；最终地 3.host n.主人；东道主； 节目主持人 vt.主办； 主持 hostess n.女 主人；女主持人 4.sweat vi.流汗 vt.使出汗 n.汗水 sweater n.毛衣， 羊毛衫 5.honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 honourable adj.值得尊敬的，光荣的 6.champion n.冠军；优胜者 championship n.锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号 7.apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片 fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 break apart 分裂； 解体 keep apart （使）分开 8.injure vt.损害；使受伤 injured adj.受伤的；有伤的 injury n. 伤害；损伤 9.lose heart v.丧失信心；泄气 put ones heart into .全心全意投入到 heart and soul 全心全意，完全地 10.strong adj.坚强的；强壮的 strength n.力量；体力；优点，长处 strengthen vt.加强，巩固 11.fail vt. it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isnt fun. What a cruel way to do it! Many other forms of exerciseincluding walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog? Paragraph 2： I dont jog any more, and I dont think I ever will. Pm walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. Im getting exercise, and Im enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging and Ive found a lot of better ways to stay in shape All roads lead to Rome. 【课外拓展阅读课外拓展阅读-中华传统文化中华传统文化】 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形 式。 Many traditional Chinese foods are intended to honour either the gods 1 extraordinary persons in history. Zongzi is no exception. It is designed 2 (honour) Qu Yuan, the pioneer poet of ancient China. Qu Yuan was a famous poet who was also concerned about the fortune of his government. Unfortunately he was distrusted by the king, 3 forced him to go to a remote area. The poet felt 4 (hope) about the government and its policies. When the states capital 5 (seize) by its enemies, he drowned himself in the Miluo River(on May 5th according to the Chinese lunar calendar). As 6 respected poet,his death was a big loss to the country. Local people searched 7 him in the river. Meanwhile, they dropped dumplings of sticky rice wrapped in bamboo8 (leaf) into the river in order to keep the fishes from attacking Qu Yuans body. Since that time, it 9