1、Period11 【Todays words】 充斥：flood学到：acquire knowledge 可爱的：adorable讨论的问题：issue 求助某人：reach out to/turn to sb for help 【Todays phrases】 check on 核对（接 sb 表示看某人在干什么，接 sth 表看某事进展如何） make up 和解包装、化装编造 组成弥补 make up for 【口诀】 他把自己化装成和解的使者，可他的叙述都是由编造的谎言组成，我 看我们的感情是无法弥补了。 【Todays sentence】Suddenly, It hit me tha
2、t mother took me to school,with my hand in hers in my childhood 【查漏补缺】 定语从句定语从句 知识点：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫作定语 从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句 的是关系代词 that、which、who(whom、whose)和关系副词 when、where、why。 关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起连接作用，又充当从句 的一个成分。 一一关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句 1关系代词 that 的用法 that 既可指人又可指
3、物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。 Where is the picture that was on the desk?放在桌上的那张图片在哪儿？ This is the book that you are looking for.这是你要找的那本书。 2关系代词 who、whom 和 whose 的用法 (1)who 代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us English in
4、No.26 Middle School. 我将永远不会忘记在二十六中教我们英语的那位老师。 Anyone who fails in this exam will do it again in two weeks. 考试不及格者将在两星期内补考。 (2)whom 代替人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，在非正式英语中常可省略。 Do you know the man whom we met in the bookstore yesterday? 你认识昨天我们在书店里遇到的那个人吗？ This is the girl whom my father saved ten years ago. 这是我爸爸
5、十年前救过的那位小姑娘。 (3)whose 一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句中作定语。 She is the woman whose car was stolen. 她就是汽车被盗的那个女人。 Do you know the name of the KTV whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个 KTV 叫什么名字，你知道吗？ 3关系代词 which 的用法 which 代替物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。 Ive found the book which I was looking for.我找到了我要找的那本书。
6、 The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum. 鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。 二二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句 常用的关系副词只有三个：when、where、why，在定语从句中充当时间、地点 和原因状语。 1关系副词 when 的用法 关系副词 when 代替的先行词表示的是时间，when 在定语从句中作时间状语。 In Beijing, July andAugust are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。 I
7、 will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。 He told me the date when he joined the Party.他告诉了我他入党的时间。 2关系副词 where 的用法 关系副词 where 代替的先行词表示的是地点，where 在定语从句中作地点状语。 This is the village where Mo Yan grew up.这就是莫言长大的那个村庄。 This is the house where we lived when we were young. 这就是我们年轻时
8、住的房子。 3关系副词 why 的用法 关系副词 why 代替的先行词表示的是原因，why 在定语从句中作原因状语。 I know the reason why he was late for the meeting. 我知道他开会迟到的原因。 Do you know the reason why he refused the invitation? 你知道他拒绝邀请的原因吗？ 三三关系代词关系代词 which 与与 that 的区别的区别 (1)当先行词为当先行词为 all、much、little 以及不定代词以及不定代词 anything、something、everything 等时，关
9、系代词多用等时，关系代词多用 that。 If you love someone, you will like all that belong to him.爱屋及乌。 Dont believe everything that you see on television. 不要把你在电视上看到的一切都信以为真。 (2)当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词 the only、the very、all、 every、any、no 等时，关系代词一般都用等时，关系代词一般都用 that。 This is the best movie that I
10、have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 Youre the only person that can help me.你是唯一能帮助我的人。 (3)当关系代词出现在当关系代词出现在 which 开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复应用开头的疑问句中时，为避免重复应用 that。 Which was the picture that was drawn by Xu Beihong？哪幅画是徐悲鸿画的？ (4)在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词一般只用 which。 Hangzhou, which is the capital of Zhejiang
11、Province, will host the 2022Asian Games. 杭州是浙江省的省会，它将主办 2022 年亚运会。 (5)介词后的关系代词用介词后的关系代词用 which，而不用，而不用 that。 There are 50 students in this class, 60% of which are boys. 这个班有 50 名学生，其中 60%是男孩。 【练习】 1.Shakespeare (莎士比亚) is a great writer _ is considered as a genius (天 才). I think so. Many people aroun
12、d the world admire him very much. A. whenB. whoC. which 2.The photo _ taken by my brother last week is very nice. A. which wereB. that isC. that wereD. which was 3. The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A. thatB. thoseC. whoD. what 4.The beautiful girl _came here last Saturday
13、 is my friend. A.whichB.whereC.whomD.who 5.There will be a flower show in the park _ we visited last week. A.whoB.whereC.which 6.Do you know the man_ saved five people in the fire? A.whoB.itC.whenD.whom 7.Its bad for health to hurry to move into a house _has new furniture in it. A.whoB.whereC.that 8
14、.I know a place_we can have a big meal. A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what 9.The dog _ played with you just now is _. A.which; mineB.which; myC.what; mineD.what; my 10.Studying in groups is a popular way _ can develop studentsability. A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whom 11.- What are you doing?-Im reading the book _yo
15、u lent me last week. A.whatB.whoC.whenD.that 12.Is there anything _to you? A.that is belongB.that belongC.that belongsD.which belongs 13.I think the first lessonwe are learning is very easy. A.thatB.whereC.whoD.when 14.Do you know the young lady _ your mother is talking? A.whoB.whomC.with whomD.whic
16、h 15.He will never forget the days _he spent with you in Japan. A.whenB.thatC.on whichD.in which 16.3-junior high school life will be over. I will remember those things and teachers _ are unforgotten. A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom 17.The park _we visited yesterday is an excellent one. A.whereB.in whichC.
17、whoseD.that 18.Do you know the name of the boy _ father is a doctor? A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose 19. Which of the e-mails _ you have ever got is the greatest? I really cant decide._ of them are very wonderful. A.that;AllB.who; BothC.which; NoneD.what; Neither 20.Tony, tell me the result of the discuss
18、ion _ you had with your dad yesterday. A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who 1-20 BDADCACBAADCACBCDDAB 【Exercise 七选五】 Running is a very popular sport. Millions of people run because they enjoy it or want to be in good physical shape. Arunner does not need special skills or equipment._1_ Daily running improves a
19、persons physical condition. It helps oxygen circulate (循环) through your body and makes your heart and leg muscles stronger._2_ .Whats more, running helps you control your weight because when you run, you burn up the fat in your body. Many runners like taking part in long distance races like marathon
20、s (马拉松). _3_ .They are held in many cities all over the world. For a good runner, taking part in a famous marathon is an honor of a running career. There are no official world records in marathon races because courses are different all over the world. _4_ . However, sometimes a course may be hilly w
21、ith lots of ups and downs. Bad weather with a lot of wind and rain also makes it more difficult for runners to achieve good results. _5_ .Dont start to fast, or you will become tired very quickly and cant continue. This is called hitting the wall. In most cases, runners then give up completely. On t
22、he other hand, you shouldnt start too slowly, or you wont reach the time limit you want to achieve. A. He needs to be well-prepared and train a lot. B. Marathons are the most popular running events. C. During a marathon, you should keep a right pace. D. Sometimes the raceway is flat and runners run
23、faster. E. The fastest marathon race took place in Berlin in 2018. F. He only needs a pair of trainers and comfortable clothes. G. It also helps you fight off stress after a tiring day in school or at work. 【答案】 1. 下文lf you arent given a school supply list, bring a notebook and pencils on the first
24、day so youre prepared. 说明如果老师给你一张学习用品清单,那么第一天带 一个笔记本和铅笔 ,这样你就做好准备了。F 项Your school will be likely to give you a list of supplies youll need for the school year.能承接下文，符合题意。 2.下文 For example, if you know you need to wake up at 7:00 am, try to be in bed by 10:30 or 11:00 pm.说明如果你知道你需要 在早上 7 点起床,试着在晚上 10
25、 点 半或 11 点上床睡觉。此处在讲述睡觉和起床的问题, B 项Set your alarm dock so that you wake up on time.(把你的闹钟调好以便你准时起床)”能承接下文,符合题 意。故选 B。 3. 下文lf youre only in one classroom for the whole day, get to school in the morning a few minutes early so you have to find out where your class is and what to do with your things.说明如果
26、你一整天只在一个教室上课，那么早上提前几分钟 去学校，这样你就得知道你的教室在哪里，你的东西该怎么处理。此处在建议要 提前到学校,A 项Get to school early to arrive at your classes on time.(早点去学校 以便准时上课能承接下文,符合题意,其中 Get to school early 对应 a few minutes early.故选 A。 4. 上文Smile often.说明要经常微笑。 D 项When you smile, people will feel more comfortable and want to talk to you
27、.(当你微笑时,人们会觉得更舒服,想和你 交谈)符合本段主旨,其中 smile 是关键词。故选 D. 5. The first day of school sets the tonefor the rest of the year, so its also important to have learning goals and make plans for your studies. 说明开学第一天会为这一 年余下的日子定下基调， 所以制定学习目标和学习计划也很重要， 本段在讲述与 学习有关的事情, E 项Write down any assignments (作业) you have an
28、d complete your homework on time.(写下你的作业并按时完成作业符合本段主旨。故选 E. 【今日作业】 Some students prefer to learn by themselves. They think they can learn better in this way because they have more freedom, pressure and independence There is some truth in their way. _1_It is better to have a teacher, especially when
29、they learn something more difficult. First, a teacher can act as a guide to lead you to success. When you learn, you need help and advice. Ateacher will give you a hand when you face difficulties. _2_ What is more, a teacher puts real pressure on you. If you study by yourself,you must be strong- min
30、ded enough to keep on._3_ But under the guidance of a teacher, you will feel there is always someone to watch you. The teacher may give you homework to do. You must complete the homework, or you will not pass the course. Last but not least, studying with a teacher will help you receive the benefit o
31、f the teachers knowledge_4_ .They teach students how to learn and how t obtain information. They guide all of you in class to discuss the material and provide extra material to broaden the scope of the topic. _5_ I choose to learn in a big family- -my school. Without a teacher, I would feel there wo
32、uld be no fun and no pressure. I could not learn well in such dull and depressing circumstances. A. Besides, teachers are connected with our life. B. Teachers can help you solve all of your problems. C. In short, I prefer to go to class studying with a teacher. D. Without a guide, you would be searc
33、hing in darkness. E.And you may become inactive for lack of a strong will. F. But they fail to see the advantages of learning with a teacher. G. In class, teachers do more than just going over the material in the text. 【答案】 分析有些学生喜欢自己独立学习,而作者认为需要有老师的指导,以及在学校这 个大家庭中学习,才能更加有乐趣和没有压力。 小题 1考查对，上下文的理解和推理判
34、断能力。前段提到了有些学生喜欢自己 独立学习,认为有更多的自由,压力和独立性。F 选项点出了作者的观点,作者认为 他们没有看到和一-位老师一起学习的优势。后句说特别是当他们学习更困难的 时候更需要一位老师，F 选项有承上启下的作用。故选 F. 小题 2考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 Ateacher will give you a hand when you face difficulties.遇到困难时,老师会给你一只手。 D 选项 Without a guide, you would be searching in darkness.是说没有一位老师这样的向导 ，你就会在黑暗中 寻找和
35、上句形成对比。故选 D。 小题 3考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文 if you study by yourself, you must be strong-minded enough to keep on.说如果你自己独立学习，你必须有足够 坚强的意志去坚持。E 选项 And you may become inactive for lack of a strong will. 是说你可能变得不活跃,因为缺乏坚强的意志。 正好和上句构成因果关系。 故选E。 小题 4考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。由下文中 They teach students how to learn and how to obtain information.可推知如 G 选项所说,在课堂上,老师做的不 仅仅是复习课本中的素材,而且教你如何去学习和获取知识。G 选项和下句构成 递进关系。故选 G. 小题 5考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 最后一-段是对文章内容的主旨总 结 , C 选项 In short, I prefer to go to class studying with a teacher.表达了作者认为 需要有老师的指导,以及在学校这个大家庭中学习,才能更加有乐趣和没有压力的 观点并和下文呼应。故选 C.
