1、 2021 年年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题月大学英语四级考试真题 (第第 1 套套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled “Are people becoming addicted to technology?”. The statement given below is for your reference. You should write at least 120 words but no more than
2、180 words. Numerous studies claim that addiction to technology is real and it has the same effect on the brain as drug addition. 【参考范文】【参考范文】 Are people becoming addicted to technology? With technology advancing daily, there has been an increase in the number of people who become addicted to technol
3、ogical inventions, such as computers and cellphones. From my point of view, this trend can harmfully influence individuals in many ways. The negative consequences of technology addiction can be illustrated from two aspects. For one thing, being indulged in technological gadgets is detrimental to stu
4、dents academic performance. For example, many university students stay up all night to play video games and thus feel drowsy and distracted in class. In addition, many psychological researchers found that the excessive use of technological devices can have an adverse effect on individuals mental wel
5、l-being and interpersonal relationship. For instance, modern people, especially youngsters, are reluctant to interact face to face with their friends and families because of the indulgence in online social media platforms or computer games. In conclusion, it is of utmost importance to take actions t
6、o counteract the negative effects mentioned above. Perhaps the first step is that students should be educated to use technological devices in a rational way. 【解析】【解析】 本次四级作文考查的是现象影响类的论说文。 题目给出的是一个负面的现象人们沉迷于科技产品。采用三段式：开头段引出负面现象并发表自己的看法；第二段，即主体段论述该现象带来的负面影响；结尾段给出针对性的建议。 Part II Listening Comprehension
7、 (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choic
8、es marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Enroll him in a Newcastle football club. B) Send him to an after-school art class. C) Forbid him to draw
9、in his workbook. D) Help him post his drawings online. 2. A) Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room. B) Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings. C) Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms. D) Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the
10、news report you have just heard. 3. A) Get her pet dog back. B) Beg for help from the police. C) Identify the suspect or the security video. D) Post pictures of her pet dog on social media. 4. A) It is suffering a great deal from the incident. B) It is helping the police with the investigation. C) I
11、t is bringing the case to the local district court. D) It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Provide free meals to the local poor. B) Help people connect with each other. C) Help eliminate class difference in his are
12、a. D) Provide customers with first-class service. 6. A) It does not supervise its employees. B) It donates regularly to a local charity. C) It does not use volunteers. D) It is open round the clock. 7. A) They will realise the importance of communication. B) They will come to the caf even more frequ
13、ently. C) They will care less about their own background. D) They will find they have something in common. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoke
14、n only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. A) A surprise pa
15、rty for Pauls birthday. B) Travel plans for the coming weekend.C) Preparations for Saturdays get-together.D) The new market on the other side of town.9. A) It makes the hostesss job a whole lot easier. B) It enables guests to walk around and chat freely. C) It saves considerable time and labor. D) I
16、t requires fewer tables and chairs. 10. A) It offers some big discounts. B) It is quite close to her house. C) It is more spacious and less crowded. D) It sells local wines and soft drinks. 11. A) Cook a dish for the party. B) Arrive 10 minutes earlier. C) Prepare a few opening remarks. D) Bring his
17、 computer and speakers. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) For commuting to work. B) For long-distance travel. C) For getting around in Miami. D) For convenience at weekends. 13. A) They are reliable. B) They are compact. C) They are suspicious. D) They are
18、easy to drive. 14. A) Buy a second-hand car. B) Trust her own judgement. C) Seek advice from his friend. D) Look around before deciding. 15. A) He sells new cars. B) He can be trusted. C) He is starting a business. D) He is a successful car dealer. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hea
19、r three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sh
20、eet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) Many escaped from farms and became wild. B) They were actually native to North America. C) Many got killed in the wild when searching for food. D) They were hunted by Spanish and Russ
21、ian explorers. 17. A) They often make sudden attacks on people. B) They break up natures food supply chain. C) They cause much environmental pollution. D) They carry a great many diseases. 18. A) They lived peacefully with wild pigs. B) They ran out of food completely. C) They fell victim to eagles.
22、 D) They reproduced quickly. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) Taste coffee while in outer space. B) Roast coffee beans in outer space. C) Develop a new strain of coffee bean. D) Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee. 20. A) They can easily get burned. B) They f
23、loat around in the oven. C) They have to be heated to 360 . D) They receive evenly distributed heat. 21. A) They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans. B) They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters. C) They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine
24、. D) They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) It is the best time for sightseeing. B) A race passes through it annually. C) They come to clean the Iditarod Trail. D) It is when the villagers choose a queen. 23.
25、 A) Its childrens baking skills. B) Its unique winter scenery. C) Its tasty fruit pies. D) Its great food variety. 24. A) The contestants. B) The entire village. C) Jan Newton and her friends. D) People from the state of Idaho. 25. A) She owned a restaurant in Idaho. B) She married her husband in 19
26、72. C) She went to Alaska to compete in a race. D) She helped the village to become famous. Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word
27、 bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more
28、 than once. Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ants, 26 from their underground nests into the suns brutal rays to 27 for food, this is the perfect time to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert b
29、y scientists from two Belgian universities, who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. The goal was simple: to discover how the 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can 30 melt the bottom of shoes. Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electr
30、onic microscope and found that their 31 , triangular hair reflects light like a prism, giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the suns awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with 33_ knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped. The an
31、ts method of staying cool is 34 among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in 35 these ants method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer. A)
32、adapting E) extreme I) remote M) thick B) consciously F) hunt J) removed N) tiny C) crawling G) literally K) species O) unique D) crowded H) moderate L) specimens 【参考答案】【参考答案】 26. C) crawling 27. F) hunt 28. E) extreme 29. K) species 30. G) literally 31. M) thick 32. J) removed 33. N) tiny 34. O) un
33、ique 35. A) adapting 【解析】【解析】 词性词性 选项单词选项单词 汉语释义汉语释义 名词 K) species 物种 L) specimens 样品；样本；标本 动词 F) hunt 打猎，猎取；猎杀；搜索 形容词 E) extreme 极度的，极端的 H) moderate 适度的；中等的；温和的 I) remote 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的 M) thick 厚的；粗的；浓密的 N) tiny 较小的；微小的 O) unique 唯一的； 独一无二的； 独特的 副词 B) consciously 有意识地，自觉地 G) literally 字面上；真正地，确实地 -in
34、g A) adapting 使适应，使适合；改编，改写 C) crawling 爬，爬行；匍匐行进 -ed D) crowded 挤满，塞满；拥挤的 J) removed 移开；拿开；去掉 26. C) crawling 【解析】此题较难，可先空着不做，先做其他题目，最后再从未选选项中，选择符合语法结构且符合语意的单词填入本题。空格之后是完整的主谓宾结构：this is the perfect time to seek lunch，那说明空格之前需要填入非谓语形式，即-ing 形式或-ed 形式。选项中-ing 形式和-ed 形式的单词有：A) adapting、C) crawling、D)
35、crowded、J) removed。符合此句语意且未被其他题目选择的选项只有 C) crawling，空格处的中文意思是：从地下巢穴中爬出来。 27. F) hunt 【解析】空格前有不定式符号 to，所以空格处一般填动词原形，构成 to do 形式。选项中动词原形只有一个：F) hunt（猎取） 。把 F)的汉语意思代入空格处：to hunt for food（猎取食物，寻找食物） ，语意非常通顺完整。所以答案选 F) hunt。 28 E) extreme 【解析】空格前后是：in the _ heat，可判断此处应填形容词。选项中形容词有：E) extreme、 H) moderate
36、、I) remote、M) thick、N) tiny、O) unique。能和空格后名词 heat（温度，高温）搭配的只有 E) ：extreme heat 极热；酷热。 29 K) species 【解析】空格前后是：how the _ adapted to.，可判断空格处应填名词。选项中名词有：K) species（物种）、L) specimens（标本）。符合此处语意的只有 K) species：发现这种物种是如何适应这种气温的。 30 G) literally 【解析】通过空格前后 that can _ melt the bottom of shoes，可判断，此 that 从句中主
37、语是that（that 指前面提到的名词短语 the kind of heat），谓语是 can melt，宾语是 the bottom of shoes。所以 that 从句主谓宾结构完整，不缺少任何语法成分，所以空格处只能填副词，用来修饰整个句子。选项中副词有：B) consciously（有意识地）、G) literally（确实地）。符合空格处语意的只有 G) literally：这种气温的的确确能把鞋底熔化。 31 M) thick 【解析】空格前后是 their _ triangular hair 可知空格处需填形容词，空格处形容词和空格后形容词 triangular，一起来修饰
38、hair。选项中形容词有：E) extreme、H) moderate、I) remote、M) thick、N) tiny、O) unique。能和空格后名词 hair（头发）搭配的只有 M) thick：厚厚的头发。 32 J) removed 【解析】 空格处需填when从句中的谓语。 因为when从句的主语 （Ph.D. student Quentin Willot）是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词第一不能是动词原形（如果填动词原形，则和主语的单数形式不搭配），第二不能是-ing 形式（因为-ing 形式是非谓语，不是谓语），空格处谓语动词只能填-ed 形式。（而且空格处的-ed 形式
39、能和 when 从句中的第二个谓语动词 put，用and 并列起来，因为 when 主语是第三人称单数形式，所以此处 put 不是一般现在时，put 是过去时态。此外，空格处的-ed 形式还能和主句谓语 jumped 保持时态一致。）选项中-ed 形式的单词有：D) crowded、J) removed。其中能和空格后 from 搭配使用，且符合语意的只有J) removed。 33 N) tiny 【解析】通过空格前后的 with _ knife，可知，此空格处填形容词。选项中形容词有：E) extreme、H) moderate、I) remote、M) thick、N) tiny、O)
40、unique。能和空格后名词 knife（剪刀）搭配且符合语意的只有 N) tiny：小刀。 34 O) unique 【解析】通过空格前后 is _，可知此空格处可填形容词，也可填-ing 形式、-ed 形式。符合此条件的共有十个单词，但符合此句语意的只有 O) unique：蚂蚁保持凉爽的方式在所有动物中是独特的。 35 A) adapting 【解析】空格前后是 are interested in _ these ants method，可知，此处考察固定搭配 be interested in doing sth.， 空格处应填-ing 形式。 选项中-ing 形式的单词有： A) ad
41、apting （适应） 、C) crawling（爬行）。能和空格后的名词 method（方法）搭配使用的只有 A) adapting。 Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is deri
42、ved. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language has no words for numbers? Numbers do not exist in all cultures. There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedd
43、ed deep in Amazonia, living along branches of the worlds largest river tree. Instead of using words for precise quantities, these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to “a few” or “some.” In contrast, our own lives are governed by numbers. As you read this, you are likely aware of what time i
44、t is, how old you are, your checking account balance, your weight and so on. The exact (and exacting) numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem. But, in a historical sense, numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones. For the bulk of our species approx
45、imately 200,000-year lifespan, we had no means of precisely representing quantities. Whats more, the 7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers. Speakers of anumeric, or numberless, languages offer a window into how the invention of numbers reshaped the huma
46、n experience. In a new book, I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers, and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones, from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing. Cultures without numbers, or with only one or two precise numbers, include the Munduru
47、ku and Pirah in Amazonia. Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words. Without numbers, healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four. In an experiment, a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time
48、, then remove them one by one. The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed. Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can, even if there are only four or five in total. This and many other experiments have con
49、verged upon a simple conclusion: When people do not have number words, they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me. While only a small portion of the worlds languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not
50、a human universal. It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs they have dominated for centuries. As the child of missionaries, I spent some of my youth living with anumeric indigenous people, the aforementioned Pirah who live along the sinuo
