1、英语英语人教版人教版八年级(下)Units 12第10讲1foot(n.)feet(pl.)脚；足【高频】2lie(v.)lay(过去式)【高频】lain(过去分词)【高频】lying(现在分词)平躺；躺【高频】3hurt(v.)hurt(过去式/过去分词)hurting(现在分词)(使)疼痛；受伤4hit(n.&v.)hit(过去式/过去分词)hitting(现在分词)(用手或器具)击；打5sick(adj.)sickness(n.)疾病；生病6climb(v.)climber(n.)登山者；攀登者7knife(n.)knives(pl.)刀8mean(v.)meaning(n.)意思mea
2、ningful(adj.)意义重大的9important(adj.)importance(n.)重要；重要性【高频】10decide(v.)decision(n.)决心；决定；抉择【高频】11die(v.)death(n.)死；死亡dead(adj.)死的；失去生命的died(过去式/过去分词)dying(现在分词)消失；灭亡；死亡12cheer(v.)cheerful(adj.)快乐的；愉快的；高兴的13voluntary(adj.)volunteer(v.&n.)义务做；自愿做；志愿者14strong(adj.)strongly(adv.)强有力地；坚强地weak(反义词)虚弱的；无力的1
3、5feel(v.)felt(过去式/过去分词)感到；感觉feeling(n.)感觉；感触16satisfy(v.)satisfaction(n.)满足；满意satisfied(adj.)感到满足的；感到满意的17own(v.&adj.)owner(n.)物主；主人18break(v.)broke(过去式)broken(过去分词)(使)破；裂；碎；损坏broken(adj.)破损的；残缺的19able(adj.)ability(n.)能力【高频】disable(v.)使丧失能力；使残废disabled(adj.)丧失能力的；有残疾的20imagine(v.)imagination(n.)想象，想
4、象力21difficult(adj.)difficulty(n.)困难；难题【高频】22train(v.)training(n.)训练；培训trainer(n.)教练；训练员23kind(adj.)kindness(n.)仁慈；善良1have a cold 感冒2lie down 躺下3have a fever 发烧4take breaks 休息5get off 下车6right away 立刻；马上7get into 陷入；参与8take risks 冒险9run out (of)用完；耗尽10cut off 切除11get out of 离开；从出来12be in control of 掌
5、管；管理13give up 放弃14clean up 打扫干净15cheer up (使)振奋起来16give out 分发；散发17come up with 想出；提出(主意、计划等)18put off 推迟19hand out 分发20call up 打电话给(某人)；征召21used to 曾经；过去22care for 照顾；非常喜欢23try out 参加选拔；试用24fix up 修理；装饰25give away 赠送；捐赠26take after (外貌或行为)像27set up 建立；设立28make a difference 影响；有作用29put up 张贴1你怎么了？我胃
6、痛。_ _ _ with you?I _ _ _2你应当喝些加蜂蜜的热茶。You should drink some hot tea _ honey.3我应该量体温吗？Should I _ my_ ?4令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。_ _ _，they all agreed to go with him.5多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。_ _ Mr.Wang and the passengers，the man was saved by the doctors _ _6他刚才呼吸困难。He _ _ (in) breathing just now.Whats the ma
7、tterhave a stomachachewithtaketemperatureTo his surpriseThanks toin timehad problems7作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。As a mountain climber，Aron is _ _ _ risks.8我们不能推迟制订计划的时间了。We cant put off _ _ _9我可以做我喜欢做的事情，同时也能帮助别人。I can do what I love to do and help others _ _ _ _10然而，很少有人考虑他们能做些什么来帮助别人。However，few people think
8、 about what they can do _ _ others.11我和她很像。Im _ _ her.12有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。You helped to make _ _ _ me to have Lucky.13我的一个朋友帮我走出困境。A friend of mine _ me _used to takingmaking a planat the same timeto helpsimilar toit possible forhelpedoutgive up【典例在线】Thats bad for your health，please give it up.那对你
9、的健康不利，请戒掉它。I have to give up the plan.我不得不放弃那个计划。【拓展精析】give up意为“放弃”，为“动词副词”型短语。代词作宾语时，代词应位于give与up中间；名词作宾语时，名词可位于中间，也可位于up之后。give up后要跟动词ing形式。【活学活用】1)In the song I Bet My life，the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to _ catching their dreams.(2015，连云港)Agive upBgive outCgive in Dgive of
10、fAimagine【典例在线】Can you imagine life on the moon？你能想象在月球上的生活吗？Dont imagine yourself to be always correct.不要以为自己总是对的。I cant imagine what he looks like.我想象不出他长什么样子。【拓展精析】imagine动词，意为“想象；设想”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语。【活学活用】2)Dear，what about going to beaches for vacation?Great！_ were lying on the beach in the
11、sun，enjoying music.It must be great fun!APretend BPromiseCMention DImagine3)That is the only way we can imagine _ (reduce) the waste of water in the bathroom.(2015，常州)Dto reduceWhats the matter？你怎么了？I have a cold.我感冒了。【典例在线】Whats the matter with him？他哪里不舒服？He has a headache.他头痛。Whats wrong with you？
12、你怎么了？There is nothing wrong with me.我没什么事。Is there anything wrong with your bike？你的自行有什么问题吗？Yes.It doesnt work.是的，它坏了。【拓展精析】Whats the matter (with sb.)？相当于Whats wrong (with sb.)？常用于询问病情或是遇到了何种麻烦，意为“你怎么啦？/你哪儿不舒服？/出什么事了？”表示这一意义的其他常用口语表达还有：Whats wrong？怎么了？Whats up？出什么事了？Whats the trouble？有什么麻烦吗？What ha
13、ppened？发生了什么事？Is there anything wrong？有什么不对劲吗？【活学活用】1)Hi，John！_？Its Lucy，my dog.Her leg is hurt.(2014，江西)AHow are you BWhats the matterCWhos that DWhats Lucy likeBYou helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”(狗名)。【典例在线】The spaceship makes it possible to travel to the moon.宇
14、宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。I feel it possible to get there before eight.我觉得八点前到那里有可能。I think it easy to make up a sentence with the word.我认为用这个单词造句很简单。【拓展精析】“makeitadj.for sb.to do sth.”是一个固定句型，动词不定式短语在句中作宾语，形容词作宾语补足语。为了保持句子平衡，把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面，而用it作形式宾语。类似此用法的动词还有feel，find，consider，think等。【活学活用】2)At times，parents
15、 find it difficult _ with their teenage children.AtalkBtalkedCtalkingDto talkDused to do sth.，be used to doing sth.与be used to do sth.【典例在线】He used to play basketball after school.他过去常常在放学后打篮球。The teacher is used to going to bed late.那位老师习惯于晚睡。This computer is used to control all the machines.这台电脑是用
16、来控制所有机器的。【拓展精析】used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，指过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，现在已不再那样，侧重与现在的比较；to后用动词原形。其否定句为：usednt to或didnt use to；其疑问句为Used主语to do.？或Did主语use to do.?be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，指某动作过去不常做而现在已习惯做了，强调目前的情况；to为介词，后接名词或动名词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，为被动语态。【活学活用】1)He _ go out with his parents but now
17、 he _ staying at home alone.Aused to；is used to Bis used to；used toCuse to；is used to Dis used to；is used toAdeath，die，dead与dying【典例在线】It was a matter of life and death to them.对他们来说这是生死攸关的事情。His father died ten years ago.他的爸爸十年前死了。The poor man has been dead for five years.那个可怜的男子已经死了五年了。The doctor
18、tried to save the dying boy.这个医生尽力去抢救这个生命垂危的孩子。【拓展精析】death作名词，意为“死；死亡”。die作不及物动词，强调“死”的动作，它是一个终止性动词，一般和过去时连用，不能和表时间段的状语连用。dead是形容词，意思是“死的”，强调“死”的状态，一般作表语和定语。表示“死了多长时间”，用“have/has been deadfor时间段”或“died时间段ago”。dying是die的现在分词形式，也可作形容词，意思是“快死的”，可作表语和定语。【活学活用】2)The dog has been _ for about two months.3)
19、His dog _two years ago.4)The police were surprised at his _5)The poor dog had no food.It was _deaddieddeathdead/dyingalone与lonely【典例在线】After his wife died，he lived alone.他的妻子死后，他一个人生活。He felt lonely after his wife died.他的妻子死后，他感到很孤独。Thats a lonely island.那是一个荒凉的岛屿。【拓展精析】alone意为“独自；单独”，侧重说明(身体上的)独自一人
20、，没有助手或同伴，没有感情色彩，只表示客观的状态。lonely意为“孤独的；寂寞的”，除了指出与其他人隔离这一事实之外，还强调渴望伴侣的那种孤独寂寞的感情。作定语时，还可意为“荒凉的；偏僻的”，多修饰表示物的名词。【活学活用】6)Though he is _ at home，he doesnt feel _ for he has many things to do.Aalone；lonely Blonely；aloneCalone；alone Dlonely；lonelyAthanks for与thanks to【典例在线】Thanks for your letter.谢谢你的来信。Thank
21、s for giving me water.谢谢你给我水。Thanks to your help，my English has become better.多亏你的帮助，我的英语变得更好了。【拓展精析】thanks for.意为“为某事而感谢别人”。thanks等于thank you。介词for后接名词、代词或动名词。thanks to.意为“由于；幸亏”，后接名词，相当于because of。【活学活用】7)谢谢你上星期带我参观学校。_ _ _ me around the school last week.8)Thanks _ Mr. Hu，we have learnt many Engli
22、sh songs.(2014，巴中)Afor Bat CtoThanks for taking/showingCrun out与run out of【典例在线】He ran out of gas a mile from home.他在离家还有一英里的地方把汽油用完了。He ran out of the room.他跑出了房间。His money soon ran out.他的钱很快就花完了。【拓展精析】run out of后接宾语，表示“用完”，主语只能是人。run out of也可表示“跑出”。run out表示“被用完了”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的词。【活学活用】9)Some
23、 people waste too much water.They dont believe that it can _ some day.Akeep out Brun outCbe run out Drun out ofB一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示补全下列单词。1The students are singing here to _ money for charity.2How could you explain this color to a _person？He cant see anything.3I _ (理解) the meaning of this word，but I don
24、t know how to use it.4You cant _ (想象) how frightened I was when I heard his story.5After the important meeting，they made a great _ (决定)raiseblindunderstandimaginedecision二、根据汉语意思完成英语句子。6她小时候长得像她妈妈。She _ _ her mother when she was young.7今天他向那所学校赠送了二十台电脑。He _ _ twenty computers to that school today.8多
25、亏你的帮助，我们成功了。_ _ your help，we were successful.9由于天气恶劣，他们将推迟比赛。They will _ _ the game because of the bad weather.10布朗先生管理钱财。Mr. Brown _ _ _ _ the money.took aftergave awayThanks toput offis in control of三、单项选择。11She used to _ in the morning，but now she is used to _ at night.Aread；read Bread；readingCre
26、ading；read Dreading；reading12Television have made _ possible for us to watch movies at home.Athat Bit Cthis Dthey13Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many years，but he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people.(2015，安顺)Adied Bwas diedChas been died Dhas been deadBBD14She wants to _ her job and go to study i
27、n Australia.Agrow up Bwake up Cpick up Dgive up15I cant afford the computer because I have _ the money.Arun out of Bgo out ofCsold out Dput outDA话题健康一、本话题的常用表达1More and more people realize how important keeping a healthy habit is.2I think having enough sleep can help us work better.3A balanced/healt
28、hy diet is good for our health.4Its necessary to know the ways to stay healthy.5To be healthy，I try to eat more healthy food and do more exercise.6Only when we keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise can we keep healthy.7Breakfast is so important that we cant miss it even once.参考谚语1An apple a
29、 day，keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。2Health is better than wealth.健康胜于财富。3Health is happiness.健康就是幸福。4He who has health has hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。5Health is the first wealth.健康是第一财富。二、佳句欣赏与模仿1I sat in the same way for too long without_moving.【without doing sth.没有做某事】我脖子有点痛，因为我一直在看电视，没有休息。I have a sore
30、 neck，because I watched TV all the time without having a rest.2But to_his_surprise，they all agreed to go with him.【to ones surprise使惊讶】让我感到惊讶的是，她把自己伤得很重。To my surprise，she hurt herself seriously.3Thanks_to Mr.Wang and the passengers，the doctors saved the man in_time【thanks to多亏，由于；in time及时】多亏了黄老师迅速
31、把我送到医院，我才及时得到治疗 (receive treatment)。Thanks to Mr. Huang，he sent me to the hospital quickly and I received treatment in time.4He bandaged himself so_that he would not lose too much blood.【so that因此】运动有利于健康，因此我们要每天锻炼。Exercise is good for health，so that we should exercise every day.三、写作范例(2015，孝感)良好的习惯
32、成就美好的未来。作为青少年，如何培养良好的习惯呢？请根据以下内容提示以“How to Develop Good Habits”为题写一篇英语短文。词数100左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。提示：1.上课认真听讲，做笔记；2每天按时完成作业；3闲暇时多读课外书籍；4每周锻炼3至4次；5多吃蔬菜、水果，少吃垃圾食品6补充一至两点良好的习惯，并谈谈它们对身心健康的影响。要求：1.要点齐全，条理清楚，语句通顺，不要逐字翻译。2文中不得出现真实校名、姓名，否则不予评分。【参考范文】How to Develop Good HabitsIts_very_important_for_us_to_develo
33、p_good_habits.As teenagers，what should we do？In my opinion，we should listen to the teacher carefully and take notes when necessary.It is a good habit to finish the schoolwork on time every day.In spare time we had better read some books to get more knowledge.Also，we should eat more fresh fruit and v
34、egetables and less junk food.Its necessary for us to take exercise for three or four times a week.Whats more，to get enough sleep，go to bed early and dont stay up late.Always remember to wash our hands before meals to keep clean.Exercise is fun and relaxing.Its healthy for the mind and body.Healthy lifestyle helps us get good grades and live happily.
