1、过去分词过去分词The Past Participle过去分词过去分词1 构成构成2 含义含义3 功能功能4 区别区别5 练习练习一构成一构成: v +ed 或不规则的变化动词或不规则的变化动词 例如例如: want-wanted-wanted do-did-done go-went-gone二过去分词本身的含义二过去分词本身的含义: 被动或完成被动或完成 fallen leaves returned students a grown-up daughter a broken heart a respected leader a recently-built house 三三.功能功能1.At
2、 that time, such thing was a forbidden topic to be talked about .2. Many used cars will be sold in this market.3. He became interested in two theories. 4. She looked worried.5. She found her necklace gone on her way home.6. He is gong to have the room painted. 定语定语定语定语表语表语表语表语宾补宾补宾补宾补 现在分词现在分词: 表示动作
3、是主动的和正在进行表示动作是主动的和正在进行过去分词过去分词: 表示动作是被动的和完成表示动作是被动的和完成分词在句中可以作分词在句中可以作表语表语、定语定语、宾语补足宾语补足语和状语语和状语。I. Past participle used as attributes （定语）（定语） 1.位置位置: 单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后单个分词位于名词前，短语则在名词后,被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语主语。 The stolen car was found by the police last week. The speaker answe
4、red all the questions raised by the audience. 2.作用作用-相当于一个定语从句相当于一个定语从句 （2）The book, written in1957, tells the struggle of the miners.=Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?（1）Is there anything planned for tonight ？=The book, which was written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.
5、注：注：The problem （discussed yesterday） has something to do with daily life. （表示完成）（表示完成） The problem （being discussed now） has nothing to do with daily life.（表示正在进行）（表示正在进行） II. Past participles used as predictive（表语）表语）1. 过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态，过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态， 其逻辑主语就是句子的主语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。The window is br
6、oken.The inner gate was locked.She was greatly excited.2. 与现在分词作表语的区别。与现在分词作表语的区别。现在分词：主语的特征或性质，现在分词：主语的特征或性质，“令人令人”，有主动意，有主动意思。思。e.g. How disappointing the election is! 过去分词：主语的感受，过去分词：主语的感受，“感到感到”，有被动意思。，有被动意思。e.g. They feel disappointed at the election.常见的这类此有：常见的这类此有：interesting interested encou
7、raging encouraged delightingdelighted disappointingdisappointed pleasingpleased puzzlingpuzzled satisfyingsatisfied surprisingsurprised worrying-worriedIII. Past participle used as the Object Complement (宾语补足语宾语补足语) 1. 表表“希望，要求希望，要求”的动词：的动词： want, wish, expect, wish, like, order + (to be) done 表示表示“
8、希望希望/要求某人或某事被要求某人或某事被”e.g. I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday. Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned. 2. 2. 表表“感觉，感觉， 心理状态心理状态”的动词：的动词：see, hear, find, feel, think, watch, notice + object(宾语宾语) + p.p.e.g. We saw the thief caught by the police. People found the water polluted. Have you heard a
9、 pop song sung in Japanese? 过去分词过去分词, 不定式不定式, 现在分词作宾补的现在分词作宾补的区别区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系主谓关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不带不带to的不定式强调动作发生的全过程，的不定式强调动作发生的全过程，现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系，正在进行。进行。I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.I saw her taken out of
10、 the classroom.3. 3. 使役动词使役动词: : make, get, have, keep ,leave, etc. e.g. We must get the table cloth washed. = We must ask somebody to wash the table cloth. He had his watch repaired. 4.在在“with / without宾语宾补宾语宾补(过去分词过去分词)”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。系。e.g. Do you know the man with his ha
11、ir tied back?作定语时可用作定语时可用定语从句定语从句代替代替 He is a respected leader. = He is a leader_. Is this the book recommended by your teacher? = Is this the book _ by your teacher?who is respectedwhich was recommended 1. a moving film the moved people 2. boiling water boiled water 3. falling leaves fallen leaves过
12、去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区过去分词作定语与其它非谓语形式的区别：别：1. 过去分词过去分词done表示被动和完成；表示被动和完成；2. 现在分词的主动式现在分词的主动式doing表示主动的、表示主动的、正在进行的动作；正在进行的动作；3. 现在分词的被动式现在分词的被动式being done表示被表示被动的、正在进行的动作；动的、正在进行的动作；4. 不定式的主动式不定式的主动式to do表示一个将要发表示一个将要发生的主动动作；生的主动动作；5. 不定式的被动式不定式的被动式to be done则表示一个则表示一个将要发生的被动动作将要发生的被动动作 _ yesterdayThe me
13、eting _ now (hold) _ tomorrow is of great importance. (hold) held being held to be held1. A. Nobody was _ in the story he told. B. The story he told was very _. (interested, interesting )2. A. Everybody was _ to hear the news. B. The news is very _ indeed. (excited, exciting )interestedinterestingex
14、citedexciting1. A. Nobody was _ in the story he told. B. The story he told was very _. (interested, interesting )2. A. Everybody was _ to hear the news. B. The news is very _ indeed. (excited, exciting )-ing表示令人表示令人.,-ed表示感到表示感到,I heard someone _ (call) me when I was walking in the street. I heard m
15、y name _(call). callingcalled接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，或正要做分词表接现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，或正要做分词表示的动作；示的动作；接过去分词时，表被动或完成。接过去分词时，表被动或完成。 I saw him _.scoldscolded by his motherI saw his mother _.scolding himI saw him _.bitebitten by a dogI saw the dog _.biting himWe have an English teacher _ (call) Janet.We have an E
16、nglish teacher who _(call) Janet.Who were the guests_ (invite) to his concert last month? Who _ (invite) to his concert last month?calledwas calledinvited were inviteddone 是非谓语动词， be done是谓语动词，有自己的独立主语。Compete the sentences using the right form of the given verb.1.I had nothing to do. I was _ (bore)
17、 and lonely.2.Jack looked even more _ (amaze) than he felt.3.The results were very _ (disappoint).4.I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) customer.5.The girl _ (dress) in red is my daughter.6.Last Monday our class went on an _ (organise) trip. bored amazed disappointing satisfied dressed organised1. As i
18、s known to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tiredB. interested; tiringC. interesting; tiringD. interested; tired A练习二练习二: :单选单选2. Hearing the _ news, we all felt _. A. encouraging, encouraging, B. encouraged, encouraged C. encouraged, encoura
19、ging D. encouraging, encouragedD3. From the dates _ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been markedB4. The _ look in her face suggested that she _ it before.A. surprising, wouldnt knowB. surprised, hadnt knownC. su
20、rprising, hadnt knownD. surprised, shouldnt knowB5 Being poor at English, Im afraid I cant make myself _.A. understand B. to understand C. understandingD. understood D 6 I have had my bike _, and Im going to have somebody _ my radio tomorrow. A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repa
21、ired; repair D. to repair; repairing C7 We are pleased to see the problem _ so quickly. A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling settle 解决解决A 8. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settl
22、edc 9. Helen had to shout _ above the sound the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard.D10. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. written D. being writtenC过去分词过去分词1 构成构成2 含义含义3 功能功能4 区别区别5 练习练习
