1、八年级英语上 新目标 人 不定不定过去过去针对针对课文课文技巧技巧代词代词 时态时态 训练训练 点津点津 借鉴借鉴 课本课本链接链接 妙笔妙笔写作写作写作写作任务任务生花生花 范文范文 指导指导 阅读阅读 一、复合不定代词一、复合不定代词 不定代词是指代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的词。本单元主要学习复合不定代词。 1.some,any,every,no都能和one,body,thing一起构成代词,这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们的基本含义如下: 指人指人: somebody,someone 某人; anybody,anyone 任何人; everybody,everyone 每人; nobody,
2、no one没人。 指物指物: something 某物/某事; anything 任何事物; everything 一切事物; nothing 没有什么,没有一件东西。 2.一般情况下,somesome构成的复合不定代词 ,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句肯定句;anyany构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句否定句或疑问句;nono构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义,用于否定句否定句。 something to tell you.我有事要告诉你。 ?I have _?I didntdidnt do _anything yesterday.昨天我什么也没做。 Everybodylikes swi
3、mming. ? _ _ 每个人都喜欢游泳。 ?There is _你耳朵没nothing wrong with your ears. 毛病。 3.something可用于提建议或请求以及希望对方作出肯定回答的问句中。 ?Would you like something to drink? 你要来点儿喝的东西吗? Would you like something to drink? 4.复合不定代词在句子中作主语时 ,谓语动词一般用单数形式。 ?Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物开始生长。 ?Nobody knows his name.没有人知道
4、他的名字。 Everyone all dance s well ! 每个人都跳的好！每个人都跳的好！ 5.当形容词或else (别的;其他的) 修饰复合不定代词时,该形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面,即后置。 ?Do you have anything else to ask? 你还有别的要问吗? ?Is there anything important in todays newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要的内容吗 ? Do you have else anything to ask? 6.every -every -复合不定代词与not连用,表示部分否定;而any-an
5、y-复合不定代词与not连用,表示全部否定。 ?He didnt know everything about it.对此他并不全部知晓。 ?Not everyone likes watching TV. 并非人人都喜欢看电视。 ?I didnt know anybody about these stars. 这些明星我任何一个都不认识。 7.在反意疑问句反意疑问句中,表示人的复合不定代词在陈述句中作主语时 ,简略问句中的主语用he或they;如果表示物的复合不定代词在陈述句中作主语,简略问句中的主语用 it。 ?Everyone is here, arent they? 人都到了,是吗? ?E
6、verything is ready, isnt it? 一切都准备好了,是吗? ?Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, arent they? 有人在门口等我,是吗? 8.none,nothing 8.none,nothing 和和no one no one 的区别的区别: : ? none既可指人,也可指物,它只是指在一定范围内,代替上下文已出现上下文已出现过的名词。 ? nothing表示“没有什么东西”,只能指物指物, ,不能指人不能指人,同时没有任何限制。 ? no one 一般用来指人,使用时不受一定范围的限制,后面一般不接介词短语。 Ho
7、w many books are there in your desk? 你的书桌里有多少本书 ? 一本也没有。 None. ?What is in the bag? 袋子里有什么? Nothing.什么也没有。 ?Did anyone come to see me? 有人来看过我吗? No one.一个也没有。 返回返回 二、二、 一般过去时一般过去时 1.一般过去时表示某,这,现在不复存 一过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态一动作或状态都已经成为过去在。一般过去时还可以表示过去某一段时间内的习惯性动作。?She knew it was cancer,but she wasnt able to
8、 go to a doctor for help. 她知道这是癌症,但她不能去找医生求救。 ?Were most people too busy making a living to have many hobbies in early times? 在早期,大部分人忙着谋生而没有很多爱好吗 ? waswas ?I _ born in the poor family. 我出生于这个贫苦家庭。 tooktook off her ?She _sunglasses. 她摘下了太阳镜。 ?Modern soccer didnt become official until 1863.现代足球直到1863
9、年才成为官方运动。 ?Did you have any problems on your journey? 你在旅途中有一些困难吗? 2.一般过去时谓语动词的过去式除不规则动词外,一般都是加-ed构成。具体规则如下: (1)大部分动词的过去式加-ed构成。 play played wait waited work worked (2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词只加-d。 like liked hope hoped close closed (3)以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的动词,把y变i,再加-ed。 carry carried try tried study studied (4)以重读闭音节
10、或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed。 stop stopped fit fitted 注意：注意： 不少动词的过去式不少动词的过去式没有规则没有规则, ,如如bebe的过去的过去式是式是was/were,takewas/were,take的的过去式为过去式为tooktook等等, ,需要需要我们我们特别记忆特别记忆。 返回返回 1.(2015恩施中考)Madam,do you want anything else? No,I need . A.anything more B.nothing more C.something more B 提示:本题考查复合
11、不定代词的用法辨析。句意为“女士,你还想要别的什么吗?”“不,我不需要什么了”,故选B。 2.(2015盐城中考)Wow,so many new buildings in our hometown. Yes. has changed in our hometown. A.Nothing B.Nobody C.Everything D.Everybody C 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“哇,我们家乡有这么多的新大楼。”“是呀。在我们家乡一切都改变了”。Everything一切,故选C。 3.(2015烟台中考)When our teacher heard of the news,he was
12、 too angry to say . A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything D 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“当我们的老师听到这个消息时,他太生气了什么话都说不出来”。tooto太而不能,故选D。 4.(2015眉山中考)Would you please tell me in todays newspaper? Sorry,I havent read it yet. A.something important B.important something C.anything important D.important anything
13、A 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“请告诉我今天的报纸上有重要的东西吗?”“对不起 ,我还没有读它呢”。不定代词被形容词修饰时 ,该形容词要放在不定代词后面 ,排除B与D两项;表示请求别人帮助应用 something,故选A。 5.(2015铜仁中考)Come here,Ill tell you about your study. OK,were coming. A.anything important B.something important C.important anything D.important something B 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“到这里来,我将告诉你们有关
14、你们学习的一些重要的事情。”“好的,我们马上就来”,故选B。 6.(2015南京中考)What would you like to drink? Im very thirsty. you can get.Just get it now. A.Anything B.Something C.Nothing D.Other things A 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“你想要喝什么?”“我很渴。你能有什么饮料 ,现在就拿给我”。Anything任何东西;Something某件东西;Nothing什么也没有;Other things其他的物品。根据句意,故选A。 7.(2015威海中考)The b
15、uilding is empty. lives there. A.Nobody B.Anybody C.Somebody A 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“这个大楼是空的。没有人住在那里”,故选A。 10.(2015滨州中考)Look at the sign!It says “No Smoking”. Oh,sorry.I it. A.dont see B.havent seen C.wasnt seen D.didnt see D 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为!上面写着禁止吸,对不起。我没看见”。,故选D。 “看看牌子烟。”“噢根据句意8.(2015江西中考)Our teacher was
16、 very happy because _failed the examination. A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody B 提示:考查不定代词辨析。句意为“我们的老师很高兴因为没有人考试不及格”。somebody有人;nobody没有人: anybody任何人;everybody大家。根据句意可知,故选B。 9.(2015南京中考)When will Uncle Sam come to see us? Hell visit us this weekend.He me that by email. A.told B.is told C.wil
17、l tell D.was going to tell A 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为“山姆叔叔什么时候会来看我们?”“他将在这个周末来看我们。他通过电子邮件告诉我了”。根据句意可知,故选A。 11.(2015长沙中考)Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? No.I it last week. A.see B.have seen C.saw C 提示:考查时态辨析。句意为“今天晚上你要和我们一起去看电影灰姑娘吗?”“不去。上周我看过了”。根据句中的时间状语last week可知选C。 12.(2015天津中考)When_ you h
18、ere? Two days ago. A.did,come B.have,come C.will,come D.do,come A 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为“你什么时候来这儿的?”“两天前”。根据答语可知,本题为一般过去时,故选A。 13.(2015泰州中考)Hi,Jack.Nice to meet you here in Taizhou! Me too.But I you were in Shanghai. A.think B.thought C.am thinking D.will think B 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为“你好,杰克。在泰州见到你真高兴!”“我也是。但是我原以为你
19、在上海”,故选B。 14.(2015衡阳中考) you to Nanhu Park a week ago? Yes.We had a good time there. A.Do,go B.Did,go C.Did,went B 提示:考查一般过去时的用法。句意为“一周前你们去南湖公园吗?”“去 了。我们在那儿玩得很高兴”。从a week ago可知用一般过去时,助动词用Did,后面的动词要用原形,故选B。 15.(2015乐山中考)The radio says there will be a heavy storm in Mount Emei tomorrow. Bad luck.I to g
20、o there with my classmates. A.plan B.will plan C.planned C 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为“收音机报道说明天峨眉山将有一场大的暴风雨。”“糟糕。我和同学们原计划去那里呢”。由语境可知,去峨眉山是已做的计划 ,因此用一般过去时,故选C。 返回返回 “度假度假”对话对话 Sue:The summer vacation is coming.Are you going to travel anywhere? Lin:Sure.I like traveling very much. Sue:Why do you like traveling? Li
21、n:I have too much work this term.I think traveling can be very relaxing. Sue:I agree with you.But where are you going to travel? Lin:Oh,I plan to visit Las Vegas. Sue:Why? Lin:Because I feel like I can learn much about its culture.I will try the delicious food,watch the great shows and see the beaut
22、iful scenery. Sue:Sounds interesting.Who are you going there with? Lin:I am not sure.Maybe I will travel alone. Sue:Alone? But it may not be safe.Youd better go with someone. Lin:That sounds good.Could you go with me? Sue:Me? Sure,OK. 【词汇积累】 relaxing令人放松的 scenery风景;景色 返回返回 本单元的阅读内容以Sue和Lin谈论“度假”为主题,
23、主要介绍了Lin对度假的看法和这个暑假的安排。本对话比较详尽地介绍了Lin认为旅行可以让她更放松,并且可以了解到更多的文化。文章涉及她要在风景区品尝美味的食物。在阅读这样的文章时,应该重点关注度假要去的地点、人物、时间以及对度假的感受等等。 返回返回 针对本单元针对本单元Section B 2b 的内容回答下的内容回答下列问题。列问题。 1.When did Jane arrive in Penang? Monday,July 15th. _ 2.Did Jane enjoy herself around the town on Monday? Yes,she did. _ 3.How did
24、 Jane and her father go to Penang Hill? They took the train. _ 4.Did Janes father bring enough money on Tuesday? No,he didnt. _ 5.What was the weather like on July 16th? It was rainy. _ 返回返回 关于一次旅行关于一次旅行的写作的写作 假设你是李梅,当地某英文报社正在就“旅行”进行征文活动,请写一篇文章介绍你某次旅行的经历,并给该报社投稿。 1.介绍旅行的时间、地点、人物、天气等 ; 2.介绍本次旅行的经历 ;
25、3.介绍对于本次旅行的感受。 【思路点拨】 ?引出话题?There is a saying, ?以时间为序介绍旅行的过程?On May Day,my classmates and I went to We got onin the early morning After two hours It took ushours to ?旅行的感受?We were very glad to be We were very but 【重点词汇】写出下列单词或短语。 1. 去长城 go to the Great Wall _ 2.in the early morning 清早_ 3.疲惫的 tired 【
26、重点句型】 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.一大早,我们坐上了公共汽车。 We got on the bus in the early morning. 2.爬长城花了我们三个小时。 took us It _three hours to climb _the Great Wall. 【单元参考句型】 On our way, we saw After two hours, the Great Wall 返回返回 There is a saying,“If you dont go to the Great Wall,you wont become a hero.”On May Day,my class
27、mates and I went to the Great Wall.We got on the bus in the early morning.On our way,we saw lots of new buildings.After two hours,the Great Wall appeared before our eyes.It took us three hours to climb the Great Wall.We were very glad to be heroes.We were very tired but happy. 【名师点评】 首先利用“不到长城非好汉”这一
28、名句的地方-长城。文章紧扣主题，以时间为序，时态使用一般过去时，条理性极强。 返回返回 引出作者要去“旅行”本单元的写作项目是对某一次旅行的介绍。在,要注意以下几点: 1.描写旅行的经历应使用一般过去时态 ,还应 2.对于文章的开头和结尾 ,力求简单明了,旅游的经历才是文章的重点。当我们要描述旅游过程中多件事情的时候 ,要注意按照时间顺序来写,使条理更加清晰。 返回返回 写此类文章时特别注意一些特殊动词的过去式的拼写。根据短文内容完成下列各题 Dear Alice, my,vacation,just,from,got,back,I,summer. I went to Beijing.The w
29、eather was perfect,not too hot and I saw so many interesting things.I walked the Great Wallit was amazing! I also visited Tiananmen Square. And I went to the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace. The buildings were beautiful. The food was delicious,but it was really spicy sometimes.And the people we
30、re friendly.I cant speak Putonghua,so sometimes that was a little difficult.我玩得很高兴。I hope to come back to China next year. 【词汇积累】 perfect完美的 1.将处画线部分连词成句。 _ I just got back from my summer vacation. 2.请在处填一个合适的词 along 3.你知道的同义句吗? I visited Tiananmen Square,too. _ 4.请写出的同义词组: kind of 5.将译成英语。 _ I had great fun./I had a good/great/wonderful time. 返回返回
