1、2018/10/12作者：Jency专题二专题二 不定代词不定代词2018/10/12一一 不定代词的含义不定代词的含义?不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代词.? one（任何一个）, some（几个，一些）? any（一些，任何一个）, all（所有）, ? both（两者都）, none（都不）, either（两者中任何一个）, neither（两者都不）,? each（每一个）, every（每一个）,? many（许多）, much（大量）, 常用的不定代词2018/10/12常用的不定代词? few（几乎一点没有）, a few（少数）, little
2、（几乎一点没有）, a little（少量）,? another（另一个,又一个）, other（另外的）, the other（两者中的另一个）, others （剩下的一部分），the others（剩下的全部）? somebody（某人）, anybody(任何人），nobody（没有人），something（某事，某物），anything（任何事），everything（每件事）2018/10/121.many,much? many+C(pl) 可跟表示程度的副词so, ? much+U too,as,how连用? too many+C(pl)? too much+U? much to
3、o+adj./advadj./adv? many too( )2018/10/122.some,any? some与any “一些”，可修饰C/U.? some 多用于肯定句? any 多用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中。-Would you like_ coffe?-Yes,please. 注意：在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。some2018/10/123.each，every? each与癥牥? 每一个.? each 强调个体，作主语时，谓动用 单数；可指两者或两者以上? every强调整体，作主语时，谓动用 单数；只可指三者或三者以上Each of
4、us _ a yellow T-shirt.We each _ a yellow T-shirt.wearswear2018/10/12many,much; some,any;each,every 习题1.There arent _ students in the classroom.2.He never eats so _breakfast.3.There isnt _paper in the box. Will you go and get _for me?4. _student in Class 5 passed the exam. 5.Look! _boys are playing f
5、ootball.6.How_ bottles of water dou you need?7.There are trees on_side of the road.anymuchany someEverySomemanyeach2018/10/124.one4.one，onesones，it it，this，that?one可以泛指任何人和事物，可以用在形容词和指示代词this和that的后面代替上文提到的可数名词，复数形式：ones。?it是指上文提到的或者下文将要提到的人、事物和情况。?this和that是指示代词，this一般用来指时间和空间上比较近的人或者事物；that一般用来指时间
6、和空间上比较远的人或者事物。2018/10/12oneone，onesones，it it，thisthis，that that 习题1.There are a lot of socks in the shop. What color do you want ? I want the red _ .2.Who is speaking out of the door? I don t know. _ may be your father. 3. _is my father.He is a doctor.4.What s _over there? 5.He found _ very interes
7、ting to ride a horse.onesItThisthatit2018/10/125.little,a little和和few,a few?当句子前面有only时,后面只能用a little和a few,即:only a few=very few( 几乎没有几个),only a little=very little(几乎没有,很少)He can speak only a little Chinese.2018/10/12little,a little和few,a few few,a few 练习：1.We have_ friends here.I often talk with t
8、hem.2. There is _water in my glass. Just have some, please. 3.My father has_friends in the factory.He is new there.4.There is_ time left. We must hurry up. a fewa littlefewlittle2018/10/126.all,none(三者或三者以上三者或三者以上) ,no? allall“所有”表示三者或者三者以上都否定词:none，意思为“没有一个没有一个”当作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当作主语指物时,谓语动词用单数形式;当
9、作定语时,它既可修饰可数名词,又可修饰不可数名词.All of us areare interested in English.All is is going well.They all went there last week.He told me all about it.2018/10/12all思考:All of us are not students.译：我们大家并不都是学生.（暗示:我们当中有一些是学生我们当中有一些是学生 ,有一些不是. .）注意：句型Not all或为Allnot不完全否定句.意思意思当all作主语,若后有人称代词,须在他们之间加上of,若其后是名词,他们之间可
10、加of,也可不加.All of them are from Beijing.All the students/All of the students have passed the exam.2018/10/12allall的位置：的位置：当谓动是实义V时，all放V前；当谓语动词是be时，放在be后；当谓语动词是情态V/助动词+实义动词时，放在他们之间。They all know the answer.They are all women.They have all finished their homework.You can all come to see me again next M
11、onday.当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,all放在宾语后面.如:you all,them all us all.2018/10/12none意为”没有一个人或东西”,在句中可以作主语,宾语及同位语,但它不能作定语.1. -Are there any maps on the wall?-None2. I like none of these booksnone of 后面只能接可数名词复数,谓动用单,复数均可,强调整体时谓语动词常用复数,强调个体时谓语动词常用单数.None of these pictures are/is good.注意:回答how many或how much问句时通常
12、用none回答.-How many students are there in the classroom?-None.-Who is in the classroom ?-No one/Nobodyno没有 ，形容词性，后加名词2018/10/12all和none ，no习题1.Well _ come here to help you. 2._ of us can answer his question. Its very difficult. 3.They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest.4.All
13、of us were invited, but _ of us came.5.I have _ money.allAllnonenonone2018/10/127.both,either 和neither（两者之间）? both 表示“两者都”,作主语时谓语动词用 复数,可以构成bothand的句型? Both of us are doctors.? You are both wrong.? Both the students are American? Both you and he are right.both of 的否定式是Neither of,Both of them come fr
14、om Japan.Neither of them comes from Japan2018/10/12? either表示两者中的任何一个,在句中可用作主语,宾语和定语,用作定语时后面只接单数名词.1.-Would you like a cup of tea or a glass of water?-Either will do.2. There are many trees on either side of the river.either 可以构成eitheror,表示或者或者,要么要么Either Tom or Jack will stay at home tommrow.either
15、还可以作副词,意为”也”,用在否定句中.either either 2018/10/12? neither 表示两者都不,在句中可作主语,宾语和定语,作定语时只能接单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数.1.Neither of the students is fifteen.2. -Do you know Jack and Tom?-No,I know neither of them.3. -What about the two books?-Neither book is interesting.neithernor表示既不也不,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与后面的名词或代词一致 .botha
16、nd的否定式是neithernorNeither you nor she speaks Japanese.Both Mr.Li and Mrs.Zhang are OK.Neither Mr.Li nor Mrs.Zhang is OK.neither2018/10/12both,either 和和neither 习题习题1._ of my parents are farmers.2._ of us are your teachers. 3.I have two tickets._ you or your brother can go with me. 4.There are many flo
17、wers on_ side of the road.5.There are some trees on _ sides of the street.BothNeitherEithereitherboth2018/10/128.other，the other，others，the others，another?others 表示泛指其他的人或者事物（但 不一定是剩下的全部）。?the others是表示在特定范围内的其他的人或者事物，它表示剩下的全部。?another是指三个或者三个以上的范围中的“另一个”、“再/又一个”，修饰单数名词；如果与复数名词连用的时候，复数名词的前面必须有基数词/fe
18、w，意思是“另外的”。?the other 是指两个中的另一个人或者事物，经常和 one连用，构成one the other结构，表示“（两个中）一个， 另一个 ”?other 另外的 ，形容词性，后加名词2018/10/12the other，others，the others，another 练习练习1.Some boys are cleaning the door, some are sweeping the floor, and _are playing outside. 2.Five students in my class are girls, _ are all boys. 3.
19、This shirt is too big; Ill try_ . 4.I want to have_ two apples. 5.He took a book in one hand, and a bag in_.othersthe othersanotheranotherthe other2018/10/129.some,any,no,every 组合的复合不定代词组合的复合不定代词.? 当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如everybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如everything,anything
20、,something,nothing 等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.Everybody is here ,arent they?Everything is ready,isnt it?2018/10/12? 当adj./else修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时,adj./else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.? I have something important to tell you.? We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?everyone的意思等同与everybody
21、,只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物, 还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/Every one likes Mary.I have kept every one of her letters.some,any,no,every 组合的复合不定代词.复合不定代词作主语时，谓动用三单Everyone was very happy.2018/10/12许多，修饰C大量，修饰U“一些”可加C(pl)和U，用于肯定句和建议性问句“一些”，可加C(pl)和U，用于否定句和疑问句强调整体性,adj性，不跟”of”,+n. Every boy is bright.强调个别性，可加“of”. Ea
22、ch of them has a book.指代C（单）指代C（pl）指上文提到的或者下文将要提到的人、事物和情况指时间和空间上比较近的人或者事物指时间和空间上比较远的人或者事物1. manymuch 2. someany3. everyeach4. oneonesitthisthat2018/10/12U,否定U,肯定C(pl),否定C(pl),肯定 C(pl)/U所有的人/东西没有一个人/东西,n性,单复数都可没有，形容词性，后加名词.No one can help me.复数,Both of the books are interesting.单数,Either of the books
23、 is interesting.单数,Neither of the books is interesting. 6. allnoneno7. botheitherneither5. littlea littlefewa few另外的 ，adj性，+名词两个中的另一个. one the other. （两个中）一个另一个”泛指其他的人或者事物（但不一定是剩下的全部）不一定是剩下的全部）在特定范围内的其他的人或者事物（指剩下的全部）三个或三个以上范围中的“另一个”、“再/又一个”,修饰C(单)；若与C(pl)连用的时,C(pl)前须有基数词/few,表“另外的”作主语，谓动用三单adj.修饰复合不定代词，放其后2018/10/128. other the otherothersthe othersanother9. 复合不定代词2018/10/12人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。
