1、英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。语态。 1.1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态被动语态结构：结构：主主 +be + 过去分词过去分词(PP) + (by )vSome people visited our school. S V O . S V 在改写中应注意：在改写中应注意：1.把把来的来的提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的2.把把动词动词变成变成“”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的变为介词变为介词的的Our scho
2、ol was visited by some people表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时情态动词情态动词am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being doneshall/will/be going to be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been donecan be done注意：注意：
3、1.see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, 等动词等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to； 但改成被动语态后必须带但改成被动语态后必须带toHe made us work 10 hours a day.We were made to work 10 hours a day by him.2. 短语动词及不及物动词后的介词不可少。短语动词及不及物动词后的介词不可少。He will take care of the baby.The baby will be taken care of by him.3. 双宾语可以将任何一个变
4、为被动的主语。双宾语可以将任何一个变为被动的主语。I gave them a surprise yesterday.They were given a surprise yesterday.A surprise was given to them yesterday.Oral practice-主动句改被动句 Change each sentence into passive voice: A car knocked him down yesterday. Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team1)The teacher will
5、 give us a test tomorrow.He was knocked down by a car yesterday.The medical team is made up by two doctors We will be given a test by the teacher tomorrow. A test will be given to us by the teacher tomorrow.4)We have put up some signs .5)Workers are building a new house. 6)They must deal with the pr
6、oblem at once7).They established a new club yesterday. Some signs have been put up by us.A new house are being built by workers.The problem must be dealt with by them at once.A new club was established by them yesterday.7) This factory make wonderful cars.8) That farm can grow rice.9) We can hear hi
7、m read English every morning.Wonderful cars are made in this factory.Rice can be grown on that farm .He can be heard to read English by us every morning,怎样判断用主动还是被动：怎样判断用主动还是被动：看介词和及物动词后是否有宾语，若没有就是被动看介词和及物动词后是否有宾语，若没有就是被动 The boy _ his mother now. The boy _ now. ( look after) is looking after is bei
8、ng looked after send He _ to the school when he was 5.1. He _ his son to school when he was5 was sent sent。可以与。可以与 well, easily 连用的动词连用的动词 read, write, sell, wash, wear, drawThe books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C.
9、 washes D. is washedBC主动式表被动义主动式表被动义,且和句子的主且和句子的主语语(或宾语或宾语)构成动宾关系时构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _ (learn)The article is easy _ (understand).to eatto learnto understand,与被修饰的名词构成动与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系宾关系,又和该句主语又和该句主语(或宾语或宾语)构成主谓关系时构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。I have
10、 a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read)to doto read4表示状态特征的表示状态特征的连系动词连系动词+adj./n.,用用主动式表主动式表被动义被动义。 The steel feels coldThe music sounds beautiful.5 表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词的动词用主动式表用主动式表被动义。被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am. every day6.
11、作作“需要需要”讲的讲的need后接后接动名词作宾动名词作宾语时，用语时，用主动式主动式表被动义；当然也可接表被动义；当然也可接不不定式的被动式定式的被动式作宾语作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed1._ a new library _ in our school last year? Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened
12、 C. is happened D. happened 3. So far, the moon _ by man already. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 4. How many trees _ every year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 5.-When _ they _ this computer? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is;
13、used D. are; used BDCAA6. Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 7. A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 8. The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 9. Older people _ w
14、ell. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after BBDB1. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。世界上许多国家都讲英文。. 2. 纸是中国发明的。纸是中国发明的。.3. 这栋大楼是去年建造的。这栋大楼是去年建造的。.English is spoken in many countriesall over the worldPaper was invented in ChinaThe building was built last year用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
15、 1.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？ 2.The lost boy_ （not find）now 3. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 4. What _ knives _ (make) of ? . 5. Can the magazine _ (take) out ? 6. The man must _ (send) to the hospital 7. The stars _ ( not see) last ni
16、ght 9. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well. 10.The food _ (smell) delicious.11. He _ often _( hear, sing ) in the morning.is spoken hasnt been found are told are made be taken be sent werent seen sells smells is heard to sing1.They _this school 50 years ago. ( build )2. This cake _ ( make ) 5 minutes a
17、go.3. The basket _( fill ) with flowers.4. _this article _(write) by him ?5. We _ ( borrow ) the bike this morning6. The accident _( happen ) yesterday.7. Who _( invent ) telephones ?8. _ the cars _(produce)in this factory?builtwas madewas filledWas writtenborrowedhappened inventedWere producedv一 构成
18、 主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。1.一般的一般的现在时被动语态：现在时被动语态：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，（及物动词的过去分词，（be是助是助动词）动词）e.g:English is spoken by many people. German isnt taught in our school. Is French studied in your school? 2.过去时的被动语态：过去时的被动语态： was/were+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词e.g:These new houses were built in 2000. My b
19、ike wasnt made in Shanghai. Was this kind of machine made in Shenzhen?注意：被动语态中注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的的形式是由主语决定的3.情态动词的被语态：情态动词的被语态：must/can/may/should+be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 e.g:The car mustnt be stopped here. Can this chair be taken out of the room? This job must be finished on time.v二二 被动语态的几种类型：被动语态的几种类型
20、： 1 主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态 He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday. 2 主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态 Jim gave me a book. I was given a book by Jim. A book was given to me by Jim. 3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to
21、be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. They made him work 12 hours a day. He was made to work 12 hours a day. 三三 被动语态的注意事项被动语态的注意事项 1 “主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语”的句子没有被动语的句子没有被动语 态态 2 there be 句型没有被动语态句型没有被动语态 3 主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态主动句中宾语是
22、反身代词的没有被动语态 4 主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有 被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有:The nurse looked after him carefully. The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.vPractice:1 Must I pay for it at once?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent studying maths now.
23、Maths _ _ _ now.4 How long have you kept the book?How long _ the book _ _? Mustbepaidforwillbebuiltisntbeenstudiedhasbeenkept5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees.7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _ (make)in tw
24、o days.is doneto growlooked atwillmadeQuiz 1 Quiz 11. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is openingWork _ at 7 pm. t
25、oday A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is writtenThis coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washedQuiz 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _ (repair)Quiz 4washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat) W
26、e find English difficult _ (learn)Quiz 5to eatto learnI have much homework _ (do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)Quiz 6to doto readCorrecting mistake2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university
27、3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalhad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class
28、is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed / washing 1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B. is to be heldC. are holdingDwill holdMultiple choice B2. Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the f
29、actory is being repaired is repaired has been repairedA. hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _, but none _ successfulA. has tried; has provedBtried; provesC. has been tried; provesD. is being tried; is provedC4The question he asked is hard _ A. for answer B. to answer Cto be answered D. answer
30、ingB5In warm weather, fruit and meat _ long cannot be kept dont keep mustnt keepA. is not keptA6He received a telegram _: “Mother ill” Awritten B. reading C. said D. writing B7. -Did you hand him the letter yesterday? -No, I _ to him brought it took it had it sentA. carried it C8Alice had a dress _
31、last weekAmadeB. makeC. to be madeD. to makeA9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy. pay paid to payA. to be paidB提问与解答环节Questions And Answers谢谢聆听 学习就是为了达到一定目的而努力去干, 是为一个目标去战胜各种困难的过程,这个过程会充满压力、痛苦和挫折Learning Is To Achieve A Certain Goal And Work Hard, Is A Process To Overcome Various Difficulties For A Goal
