1、概要写作-记叙文 判断叙述方式1圈划关键句分层文章内容23三步走一、叙述方式一、事情发展顺序（总括）起因（开端）经过结果（启示）二、时间发展顺序（总括）时间1-事件1时间2-事件2时间N-事件N（总括）【例1】Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. The 84-year-olds route to the honor has been anything but traditiona
2、l. Tu Youyou started her malaria research after she was recruited to a top-secret government unit known as “mission 523”. In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure for malaria. At the time, malaria spread by Vietnam. A secret research unit was form
3、ed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523. She was dispatched to the southern Chinese island of Hainan to study how malaria threatened human health. Ancient Chinese texts inspired Tu Youyous search for her Nobel-prize winning m
4、edicine. Mission 523 pored over ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240 000 compounds around the world had already been tested, without any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet
5、 wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team isolated one active compound in wormwood, artemisinin, which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites.The team then tested extracts of the compound but nothing was effective in eradicating the drug until Tu Youyou
6、returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she tweaked the drug recipe one final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point. Tu Youyou first tested her medicine on herself to ensure it was safe. After the drug showed promising results in mice and
7、monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility,” she explained to the Chinese media. Shortly after, clinical trials began using Chinese labourers.【例2】For centuries people dreamed of going into space. This d
8、ream began to seem possible when high-flying rockets were built in the early 1900s. In 1903 a Russian teacher named Konstantin Tsiolkovsky figured out how to use rockets for space travel. His plan was the first one in rocket science to use correct scientific calculation. About 30 years later, a U.S.
9、 scientist named Robert Goddard built the first rockets that could reach high altitudes. During World War II, German scientists built large rockets that could travel very far and carry dangerous explosives. After the war, scientists from Germany went to the United States and the Soviet Union to help
10、 those countries build space rockets. These two countries were soon racing to get to space first. Each of these countries wanted to prove that it was stronger and more advanced than the other one. Both countries also had powerful bombs. People in the United States were worried when the Soviets were
11、first to launch a space satellite, which was called Sputnik. The Soviets were also first to send a person into space. Yury Gagarin orbited the earth in the Vostok I spaceship in 1961. The US government set a goal for its space program to be the first country to put a person on the Moon. The U.S. spa
12、ce program built a series of Apollo spaceship. These vehicles were powered by huge Saturn 5 rockets. In 1969 Apollo II took three men to the moon successfully. Nell Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. The Soviets may have lost the race to fly people to the Moon, but they built the
13、 first space station in 1971. The United States also built a space station. The space stations allowed people to live and work in space. Then the Soviet Union and the United States cooperated to hook two spaceships together in space. This action ended the space race. Today a much larger space statio
14、n, built by several countries together, orbits Earth. Another new way to go to space is by space shuttle. A space shuttle, first made in the United States in 1981, looks like an airplane. Astronauts who fly spaceships have used shuttles to help put satellites into space. 二、圈划关键句难以取舍？以结果（启示）为导向忽略/概括次
15、要信息【例1】 The 84-year-olds route to the honor has been anything but traditional. In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure for malaria. At the time, malaria spread by Vietnam. A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness. She was
16、dispatched to the southern Chinese island of Hainan to study how malaria threatened human health. Mission 523 pored over ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240 000 compounds around the world had already been teste
17、d, without any success. Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria medicine. Tu Youyou started her malaria research after she was recruited to a top-secret government unit known as “mission 523”. Ancient Chinese texts inspired
18、 Tu Youyous search for her Nobel-prize winning medicine. Two years later, TuYouyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523.Finally, the team found a brief reference toone substance, sweet wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team isolated one active
19、 compound in wormwood, artemisinin, which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites.The team then tested extracts of the compound but nothing was effective in eradicating the drug until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she tweaked the drug recipe on
20、e final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility,” she explained to the Chines
21、e media. Shortly after, clinical trials began using Chinese labourers.Tu Youyou first tested her medicine on herself to ensure it was safe. 三、分层文章内容事情发展顺序起 因经 过结 果5要素(4W1H)who, what, how【例1】Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize, for her work in helping to create an anti-m
22、alaria medicine. The 84-year-olds route to the honor has been anything but traditional. Tu Youyou started her malaria research after she was recruited to a top-secret government unit known as “mission 523”. In 1967, Communist leader Mao Zedong decided there was an urgent national need to find a cure
23、 for malaria. At the time, malaria spread by Vietnam. A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later, Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523. She was dispatched to the southern Chinese island of Hainan to study how malaria threatened human h
24、ealth. Ancient Chinese texts inspired Tu Youyous search for her Nobel-prize winning medicine. Mission 523 pored over ancient books to find historical methods of fighting malaria. When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug, over 240 000 compounds around the world had already been tested, w
25、ithout any success. Finally, the team found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood, which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD. The team isolated one active compound in wormwood, artemisinin, which appeared to battle malaria-friendly parasites.The team then tested extrac
26、ts of the compound but nothing was effective in eradicating the drug until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she tweaked the drug recipe one final time, heating the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point. Tu Youyou first tested her medicine o
27、n herself to ensure it was safe. After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug. “As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility,” she explained to the Chinese media. Shortly after, clinical trials began
28、 using Chinese labourers.One possible version；Because of great contributions to creat an anti-malaria medicine, Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win Nobel Prize. She started her malaria research after she was recruited to a top-secret government unit, which meant to cure malaria that
29、was killing Chinese soilders. Inspired by ancient Chinese texts, she and her team finally found the sweet wormwood. She first tested her medicine personally to ensure it was safe.判断叙述方式1圈划关键句分层文章内容23It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringin
30、g the door-bell, but she was fast asleep, so I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window. I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said, “I dont think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.” I looked down and
31、 nearly fell off the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, “I enjoy cleaning windows at night.” “So do I,” answered the policeman in the same tone. “Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when hes busy working, but would you min
32、d coming with me to the station ?” “Well, Id prefer to stay here,” I said. “You see, Ive forgotten my key.” “Your what ?” he called. “My key,” I shouted. Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me.one possible version:On arriving home about two in the mornig, the writer failed to wake up his wife by ringing the doorbell. He tried to climb towards the bedroom window, but was found by a policaman. Soon his shouting woke his wife.要求：写一篇30词左右的内容摘要。THANKS
