1、 高中英语高中英语 高一年级高一年级情态动词Modal Verbs C O N T E N T S 定 义表示说话人 情绪和态度的动词，它本身有一定的词义，但不能单独做谓语，只能和动词原型一起构成谓语 用 法A.Ability (能力)B.Permission/Request.（允许/请求）C.Wish(意愿)D .Possibility （可能性推测)E.Duty / Rule(责任/规则) 特 征l放在实义动词之前l没有人称和数的变化l否定在后直接加not基本用法推测用法特殊用法虚拟用法考察方向(should/must/will/can)1Lets learn!技能 He can sing
2、 and dance. She can speak English well. She can lift this heavy box.知识体力I can eat 10 hamburgers .I could eat 10 hamburgers 3 years ago .I was able to eat 10 hamburgers.can /could 客观上能够be able to可用于各种时态（am/is/are/was/were/will be + able to ）.Can /Could you open the door?.(could 语气更礼貌和委婉语气更礼貌和委婉)We ca
3、n appear in your exams.-表示理论上可能性表示理论上可能性-“可能会可能会”“”“有时会有时会”=（sometimes）-用于肯定句中用于肯定句中特殊用法1How can he say such words!-Can the news be true?-No, it cant be true.(“不可能”,否定的猜测） 疑问句 怀疑否定句 不相信感叹句 惊讶I cant agree more.You cant be too right.You cant be right enough.（“不能再” “再.也不为过“常出现在完形填空中，读懂句意）特殊用法2I cant bu
4、t lose weight.(cant but +do 不得不.) can /could1. 表能力2.表请求许可 （could语气更委婉，没有时间区别）3.表示客观可能性 (cant不可能）4.特殊用法EXERCISE I am a math teacher. Because of the COVID-19, I _ stay at home. In the past, I _ operate the computer skillfully, but now I _ . In the next week, I _ do online-teaching through the software
5、 Ding Ding. Anyway,it is such a useful software that I love it couldntwill be able to cancant butcantmoreenoughtoo much 1. 关注语境，分析上下文,明确时间信息. 2.理解句子，体会说话人的真情实感. 3. 把握句意，分析选项的基本特征.2May /Might I ask you a question?He may be the headmaster.(might 语气更委婉语气/不是过去式）He might be the headmaster, but Im not sur
6、e. ( 50%可能性) ( 30%可能性/ 提示词)May he rest in peace.不妨，最好 You may/might as well adjust your learning methods. may/might许可/允许（比can/could更委婉） 按照委婉程度：mightmaycouldcan可能性 祝愿 （may+主语+动原）may/might as well do 不妨 EXERCISE1.The virus spread from bats. 3. she rest in peace. 2. You stay at home. 你最好是待在家里。may/might
7、 as well Maymay /might 3Must I watch online live lessons? 必须必须lYes, you must. lNo , you neednt.mustnt, 意为“禁止”Phones mustnt be brought to school.Tom, its too late , must you sing now?“非得，偏偏” Why must it rain on Sunday?have to 强调客观性,“不得不”must强调主观性“必须”(must “可能性”程度最高，即表达100%的可能性，这种推测几乎接近事实）He has worke
8、d hard all day. He must be tired. 表推测表推测“肯定肯定”理论上的可能性事实上的可能性这种可能性只从理论上进行推测，不考虑实际情况。表达这个概念的情态动词是 canThis method can work.这个方法理论上可行。 肯定句：must /may /might 否定句：can/ could / may /might疑问句：can / could学法指导 情态动词表推测/可能性 mustA guessing gameIts a he.Who is he?It not be Yang Chaoyue. He is tall and handsome. It
9、 be Zhang Yixing. He is the team leader of Idol Producer.It be Cai Xukun. canmay/mightmust4Surely we will fight the disease.1.will 表示意志/愿望/决心, “一定会一定会“ would指过去Would you like to go to the cinema with me? (愿意)2.表示请求/建议等，常用语第二人称疑问句,would语气更委婉3.will/would 用于非人称主语时，表示物体的固有性质/倾向/（总是会、老是、就是）-Whats the mat
10、ter?-The door wont lock and the window wont open.Oil will float on water.4.The girl will sit there hour after hour.习惯性动作5shalll Every person shall carry the ID card when travelling. (表示规定，法律条文）用于二三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的“命令警告承诺决心（“必须”）shall 表示征询意见 Shall he come in now?Shall I close the window?（常用于第一三人称的疑问
11、句）l Nothing shall prevent me from going there. (表示决心）1. Someone is asking to see you outside. _ he come in now?A. May B. Shall C. Must D. Need答案：答案：B 解题思路：解题思路：句意：有人在外边要求见你。他现在该进来吗？考查情态动词。shall用于第一、三人称表示建议，此处的建议是“他现在进来好吗”。C、D两项也不合语境。2.According to the new law, people who are guilty of drunken drivin
12、g _ face a fine of up to 2, 000 yuan. A. will B. may C. shall D. can答案：答案：C 解题思路：解题思路：句意：根据新法律，酒后驾驶的人们将要面临高达2 000元的罚金。根据句意可知，此处是法律规定，是一种强制、命令，故选C。shall可表示“命令、警告、威胁、允诺等”。分析选项 should We should respect the old.（=ought to）Why should you talk to them like that?You cant imagine that the teacher should smi
13、le at me. should You should be hungry after the long walk . .常识以往的经验“按道理说 ，估计”1. I dont care what people think. Well, you _. A. could B. would C. should D. might答案：答案：C 解题思路：解题思路：句意：我不在乎别人的看法。噢，你应该在乎的。should 表示“应该”，故选C。2. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve. A. should B.
14、would C. will D. shall 答案：答案：A 解题思路：解题思路：句意：你是什么意思，只有十张票？应该有十二张。A项表示从道理上推测，意为“应该”；B项意为“将会”；C项意为“将要”；D项一般用于第一人称，表示“将要”。根据语境，应选A。分析选项5情态动词实义动词I need pay the school fees.I need to get up early.need/dare doneednt /darent doneed/dare to do dont/doesnt/didnt need /dare to do need用作情态动词情态动词时，后接动词原形，没有人称、数和
15、时态的变化。后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化。Need I come back to school now? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. (不必)need用作实义动词实义动词考点：I need to phone your parents. The car needs to be washed. =The car needs washing人+need+to do物+ need doing / need to be done二二. daredare用作实义动词实义动词dare作情态动词时，后接动词原形，多用于疑问句、否定句（作情态动词时，后接动词原形，
16、多用于疑问句、否定句（dare+ not=darent）。）。He doesnt dare to see directly in my eyes.他不敢直视我的眼睛。Dare you answer me when I call your name?1. Tom _show his poor exam results to his parents. A. dare not B. dare C. dare to D. dares not to 答案：答案：A 解题思路：解题思路：句意：汤姆不敢给他的父母看那可怜的考试成绩。dare既可作情态动词也可作实义动词；作情态动词时否定句直接加not，后面接
17、动词原形；作实义动词时，后面用不定式，并且否定句用助动词dont/doesnt/didnt.所以 选A。2. You _read that article if you dont want to.A. cant B. mustnt C. oughtnt D. neednt答案：答案：D 解题思路：解题思路：句意：如果你不想读那篇文章你就不需要读。此处的neednt相当于dont have to。A项cant意为“不可能；不能”；B项mustnt意为“不可以，千万不能”；C项明显不正确，ought需与to连用。can/must will/should.表示可能性推测表示可能性推测做题方法做题方法.SummaryWhat we have learned in this class? Finish the exercises on the learning sheet.Thank you
