1、.。.1形容词和副词的考点形容词和副词的考点1.考查形容词和副词的基本用法考查形容词和副词的基本用法2.考查形容词作定语的后置规律考查形容词作定语的后置规律3.考查多个形容词作定语的排序考查多个形容词作定语的排序4.考查副词在句中的位置规律考查副词在句中的位置规律5.考查考查-ed形容词和形容词和-ing形容词的区别形容词的区别.。.2 1. “That would be a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.(2013广东
2、省高考广东省高考)reasonable2.He must be 20 (mental) disabled. (2011广东省高考广东省高考) mentally.。.33. The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _(sweet).”(2010年广东省高考年广东省高考)sweeter 4.One Sunday morning in August
3、 I went to a local musical festival. I left it early because I had an appointment _(late) that day. (2011广东省高考广东省高考)later.。.4 修饰名词或不定代词修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。 1）. 形容词可分为两类：形容词可分为两类：1形容词的定义及其用法形容词的定义及其用法？形容词形容词：.。.5A:性质形容词性质形容词-说明事物特征性质，有说明事物特征性质，有
4、级级的的变化，也可以用变化，也可以用程度副词程度副词修饰修饰,在句中做定在句中做定语、表语和补语。语、表语和补语。B:叙述形容词只能做表语，叙述形容词只能做表语，没有级的变化没有级的变化，主要有：主要有： sad, worried, aware, ill, afraid, alone, asleep, alive, awake, alike, ashamed等。等。.。.6 改正下列句中的错误改正下列句中的错误I have to stay at home to look after my ill mother, who caught a bad cold the other day.解析：解析
5、：ill表示表示“生病的生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，意思时，只用作表语形容词，不能作定语。不能作定语。ill后接名词，表达后接名词，表达“邪恶的，品德败坏邪恶的，品德败坏的的”意思。意思。my ill mother意为意为“品德败坏的母亲品德败坏的母亲”。什么是表语形容词？什么是表语形容词？不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词，但不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词，但少数表语形容少数表语形容词作定语时只能后置词作定语时只能后置。如：。如：alike，asleep, awake，afraid，present， illsick.。.7 2) 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的
6、名词之前之前， 但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于 所修饰的名词所修饰的名词之后之后：2形容词的位置形容词的位置？1) 形容词用于系动词后作表语形容词用于系动词后作表语 It is _(difficulty) for you to finish the exercise.difficult.。.8a a形容词短语作定语时要后置形容词短语作定语时要后置例例: _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全国全国)A.Brave enough s
7、tudentsB. Enough brave students C. Students brave enoughD. Students enough brave副词副词enough修饰形容词时修饰形容词时要放在形容词要放在形容词之后之后，形容词形容词enough修饰名词时修饰名词时放在放在前后前后都可。都可。.。.9b b表语形容词作定语要后置。表语形容词作定语要后置。把括号中的词放入恰当的位置把括号中的词放入恰当的位置All the people at the party were his supporters. （present）.。.10c c形容词修饰不定代词形容词修饰不定代词some
8、thing,everything,something,everything, anything, nothing anything, nothing等时，要位于后面。如：等时，要位于后面。如：Is there anything important in todays newspaper? 2.今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？1.美好的东西美好的东西Something nice.。.11找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词A. hurriedly B. repeatedly C. naturally D. absolutely E. f
9、riendly F. obviously3以以lyly结尾的形容词有哪些？结尾的形容词有哪些？E. friendly.。.12 以以lyly结尾的词不一定是副词，有可能是形容词。结尾的词不一定是副词，有可能是形容词。以以lyly结尾的形容词有以下几种情况：结尾的形容词有以下几种情况： 1 1表示人际关系的名词表示人际关系的名词 lyly： friendly, brotherly，sisterly，manly， womanly，fatherly，motherly，comradely； Which one is true？He spoke to me very friendly. He spoke
10、 to me in a very friendly way.。.132其他情况：其他情况：deadly, costly, likely, unlikely , lively, lovely homely, lonely3表示时间的名词表示时间的名词 -ly (也可用作副词也可用作副词) daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, timely The Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.。.14 写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级well _
11、_ good _ _thin _ _heavy _ _large _ _ fast _ _difficult _ _ complicated _ _4形容词的比较级和最高级怎样构成？形容词的比较级和最高级怎样构成？ better best; better best; thinner thinnest； heavier heaviest; larger largest； faster fastest; more difficult most difficult； more complicated most complicated.。.15 形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律如下：形容词的比较级和最高
12、级构成规律如下： 1. 1. 在一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的在一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的单音节单音节形容形容词中，其比较级和最高级形式要词中，其比较级和最高级形式要双写双写该辅音字母。该辅音字母。 如：如： big big bigger bigger biggest biggest。 2. 2. 在以在以e e结尾的结尾的单音节单音节形容词，其比较级和最高级形形容词，其比较级和最高级形式在原级形式后加式在原级形式后加r r和和stst。 如：如：nice nice nicer nicer nicest nicest。 3. 3. 其他其他单音节单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其
13、形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面直接加上原级后面直接加上-erer和和-estest。 如如：new new newer newer newest newest。.。.164. 4. 在以辅音字母在以辅音字母y y结尾的结尾的双音节双音节形容词中，形容词中， 其比其比较级和最高级形式常较级和最高级形式常改改y y为为i i，末尾再加，末尾再加erer和和estest。如：如：easy easy easier easier easiest easiest。 5. 5. 大多数大多数多音节多音节形容词中，其比较级和最高级形形容词中，其比较级和最高级形式由式由more /mostmore
14、/most加原级构成。如：加原级构成。如：beautiful beautiful more beautiful more beautiful most beautiful most beautiful。6. 6. 但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的不规则的，必须熟记，如：必须熟记，如：far far further further furthest furthest。.。.17China is larger than any countries in Africa.2.-Are you satisfied with his answer? -Not at
15、all. It couldnt have been_ (bad).1.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。worse3. The _(difficult) the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.more difficult4.Would it be _(convenience) for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?convenient.。.18 5多个形容词同时修饰名词时位置关系怎样？多个形容词同时修
16、饰名词时位置关系怎样？观察句子中的修饰词，注意其类别及其出现顺序观察句子中的修饰词，注意其类别及其出现顺序This a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden writing desk. 【答案答案】修饰词顺序及类别分别为：修饰词顺序及类别分别为： a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden writing desk(中心词中心词/被修饰词被修饰词).。.19形容词型代词形容词型代词数量词数量词描描 绘绘 形形 容容 词词allboththe,a(n)this,thatfirstone性性 质质尺寸
17、尺寸形状形状新旧新旧温度温度颜颜 色色国国 籍籍材材 料料goodlargecoldredChineseironsuchyour,some,manysecondtwoFinesmallhotblueEnglishstone.。.201什么是副词？什么是副词？ 翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。1. When the lights are on, the city looks marvelous.2. Though frequently beaten by his opponent, he didnt lose heart. 3. He is pretty clever
18、 when it comes to repairs.4. Obviously, the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation.修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。.。.21副词主要用来副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。或其他结构。副词的位置：副词的位置：1） 在动词之后。在动词之后。2） 在在be动词、助动词之后。动词、助动词之后。3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个多个助动词时，副词一般
19、放在第一个助动词后。助动词后。4) 几个副词几个副词 程度程度 方式方式 地点地点 时间时间 We study hard at school every day.2副词的位置？副词的位置？.。.22把括号中的副词放在句中的适当位置把括号中的副词放在句中的适当位置:1.You can get help from us .( always)2.She has been to Beijing.( never)3.There are five new words in the text. ( only)4.I walk .(slowly).。.23注意：注意：1)方式副词方式副词well，badly糟
20、、坏，糟、坏，hard等等只放在句尾只放在句尾。He speaks English well.be badly ill/hurt/damaged/in need2)副词副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。饰动词。改错：改错：I very like English.I like English very much.。.243副词的比较级和最高级怎样构成？副词的比较级和最高级怎样构成？ 写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式 原级比较级原级比较级 最高级最高级1. fast _ _ 2. well _ _ 3. early _ _4. s
21、lowly _ _ 5. Carefully _ _ faster fastest better best earlier earliest more slowly most slowly more carefully most carefully.。.254某些形容词变副词，词尾怎么变化？某些形容词变副词，词尾怎么变化？写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律extreme, absolute, true, whole, comfortable, wonderful, musical，straight，wide，friendly extremely,
22、absolutely, truly, wholly, comfortably, wonderfully, musically，straight，wide/widely, in a friendly way.。.26 1 1大部分以大部分以e e结尾的形容词变副词直接加结尾的形容词变副词直接加 ly ly，但，但 true, wholetrue, whole为特殊变化形式。为特殊变化形式。 2. 2. 以以bleble结尾的形容词变副词去结尾的形容词变副词去e e加加y y， 如：如： possible possible possibly possibly。 3. 3. 以辅音加以辅音加y y结
23、尾的形容词变副词改结尾的形容词变副词改y y为为i i加加lyly， 如：如：heavy-heavilyheavy-heavily。 4. 4. 以以lyly结尾的形容词变副词采用结尾的形容词变副词采用in a(n)in a(n)wayway形式，如：形式，如：lovely lovely in a lovely way in a lovely way。.。.27有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以一个以 ly结尾，但它们的含义是不同的结尾，但它们的含义是不同的 l) close接近地接近地 closely仔细地，密切地仔细地，密切地 2) free
24、免费地免费地 freely自由地，无拘束地自由地，无拘束地 3) hard努力地努力地 hardly几乎不几乎不 4) late晚，迟晚，迟 lately近来近来 5) most极，非常极，非常 mostly主要地主要地 6) wide广阔地，广阔地， widely广泛地广泛地 7) high高高 highly高度地，非常地高度地，非常地 8) deep深，迟深，迟 deeply抽象意义的抽象意义的“深深” 9) loud大声地大声地 loudly大声地大声地(喧闹喧闹) 10) near邻近邻近 nearly几乎几乎.。.28I.形容词和副词的误用形容词和副词的误用Complete the
25、sentences.1. Hearing the news, he sat still and looked _ at me. (sad, sadly) Hearing the news, he sat still and looked _.2. He thought _of my work. (high, highly) He sang _ praise for my work. 3. The more_ he works ,the fewer mistakes he will make. (careful , carefully) The more _ he is , the fewer
26、mistakes he will make.sadlysadhighlyhighcarefullycareful.。.29Exercises on our textbook .。.301.形容词和副词的误用形容词和副词的误用2.形容词副词的词序形容词副词的词序3.形容词和副词的比较等级用法形容词和副词的比较等级用法4.形容词和副词的词义辨析形容词和副词的词义辨析.。.31比较级的用法比较级的用法:1.表一方超过另一方时表一方超过另一方时, 用用“比较级比较级+than” 的结构表示的结构表示. 表一方不如另一方时表一方不如另一方时, 用用 “less+原级原级+than”的结构表示的结构表示.
27、 This park is less beautiful than that one.2. 比较级前可加修饰词比较级前可加修饰词much, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, far, yet, by far. 注意注意: by far通常用于强调最高级通常用于强调最高级, 用于比较用于比较 级时一般放在比较级后面级时一般放在比较级后面, 如放在前面如放在前面, 应在中间加应在中间加the.。.32如如: He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two bro
28、thers.His explanation is _.A.by far clearer B. clearer by farC.the clearer by far D. the clearer.。.33重要句型结构重要句型结构:1.“as+adj/adv+as或或not so(as)+adj/adv+as.”句型。句型。 该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的 程度上的相似或不同程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的即平时说的“等等级比较和不等级比较级比较和不等级比较”)。例如：。例如： My computer is not so(as) expensive as yours.
29、我的电脑不如你的贵重。我的电脑不如你的贵重。.。.342.“as many/few+可数名词复数可数名词复数+as”或或“as much/little(少的少的) +不可数名不可数名词词+as”。 前者描述数目上的接近，后者描述前者描述数目上的接近，后者描述量的相近。例如：量的相近。例如： You may borrow as many books as you can.你能借多少书就借少。你能借多少书就借少。 “Drink as much water as you can.”the doctor said to him.医生对他说：医生对他说：“你要尽可能的多喝些你要尽可能的多喝些水。水。”.
30、。.353.“主语主语+比较级比较级+than any other” 结构表示：主语所描述的事物结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都比其他任何一个都比较级形式表比较级形式表示最高级含义。例如：示最高级含义。例如：Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class.李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。注意：注意：若比较范围不同，若比较范围不同，than后应后应用用“any+可数名词的复数形式可数名词的复数形式+其其他他”。例如：。例如：.。.36China is larger than any c
31、ountries in Africa.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。4. 诸如诸如not,never之类的否定词与形之类的否定词与形 容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级 含义。意为：再没有比含义。意为：再没有比更更的了。例的了。例 如：如：It is not a better idea.这是再好不过的一这是再好不过的一个办法了。个办法了。.。.37 cannottoo；can nevertoo; cannot.enough等的特殊意义等的特殊意义 “无无论论怎么也不过分怎么也不过分;越越越好越好”You cant be (can ne
32、ver be)too careful in doing this job.You cannot be careful enough in doing this job.做这项工作，做这项工作， 越小心越好越小心越好.。.385.“形容词形容词+to”结构也可表示比较含结构也可表示比较含义义。例如：。例如：This kind of car is superior in quality to that.这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多(superior to意为：优于；胜过。意为：优于；胜过。)Li Ping is three years senior to Liu Gan
33、g.李平比刘刚大三岁。李平比刘刚大三岁。(senior to意为：年意为：年长于；资格老于；地位高于。长于；资格老于；地位高于。.。.39 6.“no+比较级比较级+than”结构表示对两个结构表示对两个 比较对象都进行否定比较对象都进行否定 (可由可由neithernor结构来改写结构来改写)。例如：例如：Im no more foolish than you.(相当于相当于Neither I nor you are foolish.)我们俩都不傻。我们俩都不傻。.。.407.“not +比较级比较级+than”结构表示在程结构表示在程度上前者不如后者。度上前者不如后者。例如：例如：This
34、 book is not more interesting than that one.(相当于相当于The book is less interesting than that one.)这本书不如那本书有趣。这本书不如那本书有趣。.。.41 8.“more than”，意为：与其，意为：与其倒不如倒不如。 例如：例如：Jack is more frightened than sad.。与其说杰克伤心与其说杰克伤心, 倒不如说他害怕倒不如说他害怕.。.42。 10.“The+比较级比较级，the+比较比较级级”。该结构意为该结构意为“越越，越，越”。例如：例如：The more diffic
35、ult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。.。.4311.比较级比较级 and 比较级比较级越来越越来越天越来越黑天越来越黑It is getting darker and darker.。.4412.两者之中较两者之中较它是两个中较好的那个它是两个中较好的那个It is the better of the two.。.4513.表达倍数的三种形式：表达倍数的三种形式： .A is twice /three times bigger/h
36、igher/longer-than B 2.A is twice/three times as big/high/ long as B 3.A is twice/three timesthe size/height/ length of B .。.46 例：例：- How did you find your visit to the museum?- I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I had expected.A. far more interesting B. even much interesting C. so more interesti
37、ng D. a lot much interesting修饰比较级的副词有修饰比较级的副词有much , far, even, still, a lot, a little, yet, a bit, by far etc.。.47例；例；Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest根据常识这里指的是每次比上一根据常识这里指的是每次比上一次重多少，属于渐进比较所以用次重多少，属于渐进比较所以用比较级比较级.。.48例例
38、: Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ. A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _ .A. the better voice B. a good voiceC. the best voice D. a better voice 用比较级表示最高级的意义在一定范围内用比较级表示最高级的意义在一定范围内拿出任何一人与之比较拿出任何一人与之
39、比较never 与比较级连用与比较级连用.。.491.-Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you?-I couldnt agree _.The idea is great to me.(2000年北京、安徽、内蒙古春季高年北京、安徽、内蒙古春季高考题考题)A. much B. more C. worse D. at all巩固操练巩固操练.。.502.After two years research ,we have a _ better understanding of the disease. (MET2007) A. very B.
40、 far C. fairly D. quite.。.513.As far as I am concerned,education is about learning and the more you learn,_(2002上海上海)A.the more for life are you equippedB.the more equipped for life you areC.the more life you are equipped forD.you are equipped the more for life.。.524. Speaking of all the songs he ha
41、s written, I think this one is probably his _ one (NMET 2007) A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known5.The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed there _ (early). (2007北京北京)earlier.。.536. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives_ of my friends. (2007
42、上上海海). A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully.。.547.Since Tom _ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now, _(2007上海上海) A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly.。.558.-Are you satisfied with his answer?-Not at all. It cou
43、ldnt have been_ (bad).9. Is the novel similar _ you? A. for B. at C. as D. toworse.。.5610. There are several characteristics of the book _ special attention.A. worthy B. worthy of C. worth of D. worthless.。.5711. A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started two months ago.(2007天津题天津题)A. normal B.
44、usualC. regular D. common.。.5812. This magazine is very _ with young people, who like its content and style.(2007湖北湖北)A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. particular13. Reading is _ him is _to his life.A. for; what B. as; like C. to; what D. at; as.。.5914. This room is _ much larger than that one.A.
45、no B. not a C. no a D. as15.He began to take political science _ only when he left school.(2007湖北）湖北） A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously.。.60(2008全国全国I卷）卷）28. Youre driving too fast. Can you drive _?A.more slowly a bitB. slowly a bit moreC. a bit more slowlyD. slowly more a bit（2008福建卷）福
46、建卷）26. In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _ to people greeting him. A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold.。.61（2008山东卷）山东卷）33. Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? A. freeB. vacant C. handy D. convenient（2008北京卷）北京卷）26. After the long journ
47、ey, the three of them went back home, _. A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired.。.62注意下列几组词的用法：注意下列几组词的用法：1) ago/before I started working in the school three years ago.Last year he left the army that he had joined eighteen years before.We (have) never
48、 met them before.I visited him two days _, but he had gone to London five days _.agobefore.。.632) almost, nearly两者互换的场合：两者互换的场合：在肯定句中；饰在肯定句中；饰all, every,always等时；在行为动词的否定式前等时；在行为动词的否定式前Almost /Nearly all the people are here. I am almost/nearly 90 years old.I almost/nearly always go to bed at eleven.
49、He almost/nearly didnt hear what I said.只能使用只能使用almost 的场合：的场合：饰饰no, none, never, any 及及no和和any 的合成词；饰表示感觉或心境的动词和的合成词；饰表示感觉或心境的动词和形容词；饰形容词；饰more than 和和too;I have almost nothing to do today.You could almost imagine you were in Switzerland.Thats almost too much. 那简直太过分了那简直太过分了.。.64He always goes to bed very late, so he _ before 7 am. A. almost gets up never B. gets up nearly never C. almost never gets up D. never gets up nearlyHe was proud that he made _ no mistakes in the test. A. nearly B. mostly C. hardly D. almost.。.65Thank you. Get relaxed!.。.66
