1、Section ASection AGrammar Grammar FocusFocusTranslate the phrases. in the shape of on the Mid-Autumn night traditional folk stories shoot down live forever fly up to the moon call out ones name lay out以以 . 形状形状在中秋之夜在中秋之夜传统的民间故事传统的民间故事击落击落长生不老；永生长生不老；永生向上飞向月亮向上飞向月亮大声叫喊某人的名字大声叫喊某人的名字摆开；布置摆开；布置 I think
2、 that theyre fun to watch. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic. Bill wonders whether theyll have zongzi again next year. I wonder if its similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.I know that the Water F
3、estival is really fun. I wonder if theyll have the races again next year.I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong.I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand.I know that the Water Festival is really fun. I wonder if theyll have the races again next year.I wonder whether June
4、 is a good time to visit Hong Kong.I believe that April is the hottest month in Thailand.Grammar FocusObject clauses with that, if and whether一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句宾语从句。 We know that Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接
5、词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with that连词连词that不能省略的几
6、种情况不能省略的几种情况 在由在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的引导的宾语从句中，宾语从句中，that则不能省略。则不能省略。1. 从句的主语是从句的主语是that。如：。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他说那是一个真的王冠。他说那是一个真的王冠。2. that从句中
7、含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She sa
8、id (that) she would e and that she would also bring her son. 她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。 These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars. Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars. People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves hea
9、vier. We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system. The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light. Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very fortable.Which of the following sentences has an object cl
10、ause?. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如： Millie asked if / whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。 The fisherman wants to know if / whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Object clauses with if
11、and whether由由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if / whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? Have y
12、ou got any fish?What does the baby cat ask?He asks if his father has got any fish.Am I cool?What does the baby ask?He asks if / whether he is cool.Do you love me?What did the girl ask the young man?She asked the young man if / whether he loved her.Can I fly?What does the baby wonder ?He wonders if /
13、 whether he can fly.Will you take me to the sky?What does the girl ask the Spiderman?She asks the Spiderman if / whether he will take her to the sky. if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 这是否对，
14、我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will e tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry a
15、bout whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to know if she wont e here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。6. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如： If Simon es here tomorrow,
16、 Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：态。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是一般现在时）一般现在时） She says (that
17、) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）（从句是一般将来时） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。（从句是现在完成时）（从句是现在完成时） 2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时
18、为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。 Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left. 一般现在时一般现在时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时 He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。他说昨天下午没有课。(
19、从句是从句是一般过去时一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。他说他会去照看这个婴儿。 (从从句是过去将来时句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。他说他们那时正在开会。 (从从句是过去进行时句是过去进行时)1. 从句表达的是客观真理从句表达的是客观真理, 用一般现在时用一般现在时2. 从句中有明确表示过去时间的词从句中有明确表示过去时间的词,则从句依则从句依然是一般过去时然是一
20、般过去时The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He wondered if you studied in the USA in 1990.主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一根据句意的需要用任意一种时态种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时与原句相对应的过去的时态态 客观事实、真理、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警自然现象、名言警句、谚语等句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。学习宾
21、从三注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去； 宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。 语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表从句若表“是否是否”时，时，if / whether要慎记。要慎记。 特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西
22、。Write sentences using the words given.think / Lantern Festival / beautifuldont know / whether / he / e home/ for the festivalI think that the Lantern Festival is beautiful.I dont know whether he will e home for the festival.4a4a4. wonder / if / mooncakes / deliciousI wonder if the mooncakes are del
23、icious.3. believe / Water Festival / most / funI believe that the Water Festival is the most fun.1. How much do you know about Mothers Day and Fathers Day?2. What do you do for your mum and dad on that day?Read the passage and underline the objective clauses.4b4bDear Xia Yu,Do you know that there ar
24、e two special days for parents in America? One is Mothers Day on the second Sunday of May and the other is Fathers Day on the third Sunday of June. On these two days, American children oft en give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunch or dinner. Common gift s are flowers and cards for mo
25、thers and shirts or ties for fathers. I heard that it is being more and more popular to celebrate Mothers Day and Fathers Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gift s to their parents. I believe that there are many ways to show our love. Actually, we dont have to spend a lo
26、t ofmoney. It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.JuneIf you decide to send your mom / dad a card, what would you like to write? Design a card and write down the words you want to tell her / him. Try to use objective causes.Whats your favorite festival?What does it celebrate?
27、When is it celebrated?Why do you like this festival?Which festival do you like best? Ask your group and report to the class.4c4cIn our group, Davids favorite festival is He thinks that 1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _ on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B.
28、 will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BBChoose the right answers.3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught4. Th
29、e boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardAB5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC 7. I wondered _ our te
30、acher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. what C. where D. that 8. Id like to know _ or not. A. whether will he e B. whether has he e C. whether he will e D. if he will eAC根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。1. 我认为玛丽不来了。我认为玛丽不来了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。山姆给我说他准备去上海。 Sam told me
31、 that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing tonight.wille was leaving if / whether 改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter e here yesterday? Li Lei w
32、ants to know. Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether 1. 我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？上去吗？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going
33、to movegrow plantsComplete the sentences.3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。我担心是否伤害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper as
34、ked my father _ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever bee future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.( )1. I wonder _. Im a
35、fraid well be late. (2011山东青岛山东青岛) A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time中考链接中考链接D( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know _ Tom will e and join us. (2011天津天津) A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. Do you k
36、now _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the Internet. (2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭) A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. (2011广西南宁市广西南宁市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we g
37、o there D. if it will be openD( )5. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon. (2011内蒙古包头内蒙古包头) A. when B. what C. whether D. since C( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will e to school if she _ free. (2011山东滨州山东滨州) A. will take part in; w
38、ill be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇庆肇庆)A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go wi
39、th me. (2011江西省江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. whereA( )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. (2011广西百色广西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light _ much faster than sound. (2011山东枣庄山东枣庄) A. has travelled B. went C. travels
40、D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江苏淮安江苏淮安) A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me _ in the future? (2012江苏宿迁江苏宿迁) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. wh
41、at will life be likeC( ) 12. Do you know _? At the end of July. (2012江苏连云港江苏连云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new puter game e outC( ) 13. -Peter, is there anything else you want to
42、know about China? -Yes, I am still wondering _. (2012江苏江苏南京南京) A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC( ) 14. We havent discussed
43、 yet _. (2012江苏苏州江苏苏州) A. where we are going to put our new table B. where are we going to put our new table C. what we are going to put our new table D. what are we going to put our new tableA( ) 15. I wonder _. (2012江苏镇江江苏镇江) A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest
44、man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA( ) 16. They wonder _ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. (2013漳州漳州) A. that B. if C. whether( ) 17. Our physics teacher told us light _ faster than sound.
45、(2013 黔东南黔东南) A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA19. I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder _. (2014河北河北)where you buy the ticketsB. why you like to go there C. if youd like to e alongD. when you watch the matchC( ) 18. (上海市徐汇区上海市徐汇区2014年中考二模年中考二模)Many people are wonde
46、ring _.A. whether is the meat from the lab bad for their healthB. whether the meat from the lab is bad for their healthC. whether is bad for their health the meat from the labD. whether from the lab the meat is bad for their healthB19. (2011山东威海山东威海) 你妈妈想知道你是否已经安全到校。你妈妈想知道你是否已经安全到校。20. (2014年江苏扬州市中考年江苏扬州市中考) 我怀疑那个活动是否值得参加。我怀疑那个活动是否值得参加。Your mother wants to know if / whether you have arrived at / reached the school safely.I doubt whether the activity is worth taking part in.
