1、初高中衔接点津第八讲【语言知识概要】. 词汇搜索awake among action advise beat chance cross except energetic shame refuse final practice truth prove honest terrible mend steal unpaid worried sail lost fighting ourselves winner whole view pull character. 单词拼写1. 零花钱_ 2. 不诚实的_ 3. 认识到_4. 警告_ _ 5. 惩罚_ 6. 植物_ 7. 交通_ 8. 几乎不_ 9. 虽
2、然_ 10.可信的_. 短语填空1.be_ _能，会 2. all_一起 3._ _ 拿走 4._ _赶快 5._sb._sth帮助某人做某事 6._ _毕竟，终究 7._ones_ 以某人的观点8._of 许多 9._ _叫醒 10.at_ _ _在结束时. 语法扫描直接引语和间接引语当我们引用别人的原话，且用引号，被引用的部分叫直接引语。My friend asked,“Do you like playing computer games?”当我们用自己的话转述别人说的话，且不用引号，被转述的部分叫间接引语。She said (that) China was a very exciting
3、 place.1.直接引语变间接引语的类型直接引语 间接引语陈述句 that引导的宾语从句祈使句 表命令：tell/ order sb (not) to do sth 表请求：ask/ require sb (not) to do sth一般疑问句 if/whether 引导的陈述句语序(常用动词ask)特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词引导的陈述句语序(常用动词ask)注意下列句子的变化：（1）The teacher said “The global warming is a serious problem.”The teacher said (that) the global warming was
4、a serious problem.（2） “Rest and get better soon” she said to me.She told me to rest and get better soon.（3）She said, “Dont touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.”She told us not to touch anything unless our teacher tells us to.（4）“Do you often surf on the Internet?” Tom said .Tom asked (us
5、) if/whether we often surfed on the Internet.（5）I said, “What is the noise?”I asked (them) what the noise was.直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，用whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked；没有间接宾语时，可以根据内容加一个间接宾语如me, him, us等。（如例4）直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍然把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，用本身的疑问词引导。（如例5）2.直接引语变间接引语时有几种变化：人称的变化：直接引
6、语中的第一人称和第二人称在变成间接引语时通常作相应的变化。(1) She said to me, “Are you practising too much?”She asked me if I was practising too much.(2) “I have decided to retire,” he said to them.He told them that he had decided to retire.(3) He said to me, “Ive left my book in your room.”He told me that he had left his book
7、in my room.”时态的变化：如果引述动词为一般过去时，间接引语中动词的时态一般推移到过去时间。直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时- 过去完成时现在完成进行时 过去完成进行时 过去完成时不变(1) Li Hua said, “Ill do it after class.”Li Hua said that he would do it after class.(2) He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.(3) Sh
8、e said, “I have not heard from my parents since May.”She said that she had not heard from her parents since May. 时间状语，地点状语，指示代词和动词的变化：直接引语间接引语now (现在)then（那是） today（今天）that day（那天）tonight(今晚)that night (那晚)yesterday（昨天）the day before（前一天）tomorrow（明天）the next(following)day（第二天）two days agotwo days be
9、forethis week (month)that week(month)last week (month)the week(month)beforenext week (month) the next(the following) week (month)here (这里)there（那里） this（这个）that（那个）these（这些）those（那些）come（来）go（去） (1) “Did you see him last night?” she said.She asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before.(2) He
10、said, “I will come here this evening.”He said that he would go there that evening.3.直接引语变间接引语时态6不变： 当直接引语表示客观真理时，一般现在时通常不变。The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.”The teacher said (that) the sun rises in the east.” 当直接引语中有明确的过去时间作状语时，一般过去时通常不变。He said, “I was born in 1995 in Beijing.”He said t
11、hat he was born in 1995 in Beijing.” 当引述动词是一般现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，时态通常不变。She says, “My friend is good at English.”She says that her friend is good at English.” 直接引语中有以since或when引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，变成间接引语时，状语从句中的一般过去时不变，但主句的谓语动词要改为过去完成时。He said, “Ive worked here since I finished school.”He said that he had wor
12、ked there since he finished school.在含有时间状语从句的直接引语中，主句的谓语动词是过去进行时，过去完成时或过去将来时，变成间接引语时这些时态通常不变。 She said, “I was watching TV when he came in.”She said that she was watching TV when he came in. 当直接引语表示的是名人名言或谚语时，从句时态不变。Mother said, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”Mother said where there is a wi
13、ll, there is a way.直接引语和间接引语练习选择题1. He asked whose computer_.A. this blue one was B. is this blue one C. it was this blue one D. the blue one is2. He asked me how much_on the mountain bike.A. did I pay B. I had spent C. did I spend D. I had cost3. Mother asked_with me.A. what was the wrong B. what t
14、he matter was C. what matter was D. what was the matter4. I wondered_it was true or not.A. whether B. if C. what D. that5. Someone is ringing the door bell. Go and see_.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is直接引语变间接引语：1. She said to her friend, “Did you finish your homework？”She _.2. “Do
15、nt come late again. ” She told him_3. “Will my parents scold me?” He asked me if_4. How many guests were present at the party last night? I asked the organizer_5. “Have you seen that flash of lightning?” I asked him_ 6. The solider ordered: “Be quiet.”The solider us _ 7. My teacher asked me : “Look
16、after yourself.”My teacher me _8. He said, “I will come this evening.” He said that_9. “I was born in 1995 in Wuhan.” said Mr Wang. Mr Wang said_10. She explained, “My visit is about making friends.”She explained to us_【语言技能引领】.句型转换1. Youll be late if you dont hurry up.（并列句）_ _, _ youll be late.2. W
17、e hope we have good weather.（同义句）We are _ _good weather.3. You look as if you have enjoyed youself.You look as if you have_ _ _ _.4. I often help my parents do housework.I often _ my parents _ housework.5. She could not even write a word because she was ill badly.She could _ write a word because she
18、 was ill badly.根据汉语意思完成下列句子1. 我认为除了打斗的场面太多外，还是一部不错的电影。 _ _ _, it is an excellet film_ _too much fighting.2. 我警告过你不要单独走回家。 I _ _ _ _ _home alone.3. 在只剩下他一个的时候，他并不感到孤独。 He doesnt feel _when he is left_.4. 如果你告诉他真相，他会对你生气。_you tell him the truth, hell_ you.5. 妈妈，别为我担心，我会照顾好自己的。 Mum, _ _ _ _ . Ill take
19、good care of myself.根据短文意思，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空 may what stay grade finally strict relax while share for show with group fun knowledge Id like to thank three 1_ of people for the three things Ive learnt 2_ Ive been a pupil at our school. The three things are friendship, love and knowledge. The first grou
20、p is my friends, and 3_ Ive learnt is the importance of friendship. Weve worked hard together, weve even 4_ _ some difficult times together, but weve also had a lot of 5_. Many of us will go to new schools and we 6_ not see each other so often in the future. Well always 7_ in touch. The second group
21、 is our parents and grandparents. We thank you for the love you have 8_ _ us during our years at junior high school, for making a home where we feel both safe and 9_ _, and where we can prepare ourselves for our school days. We also thank you for your help 10_ our homework. How many of us owe our go
22、od 11_ to the suggestions you have made during those long evenings? And 12_, the third group is our teachers. We can never pay back 13_ your kindness, your patience, and gift of 14_ which you have offered us. Sometimes youve been 15_ with us; sometimes youve made us work very hard. But you have alwa
23、ys been fair and youll always be our role models. 【学习策略指导】说是交流的重要方式。敢于开口，经常开口，不怕出错，你会在出错的过程中纠错，使你说得更加流畅自然得体。要知道，语言的native speakers也会在说native languages时出错。从模仿性的说开始，过渡到简单的对话交流，再进行角色扮演训练，你就达到自由交流的目的。困难时，你可运用近似表达、动作表达等方式。 Take time to yell (大喊) English; it will build your confidence and change your pers
24、onal power.第八讲答案.单词拼写1.pocket money 2.dishonest 3.realise 4.warn 5.punish 6.plant 7.traffic 8.hardly 9.although 10.believable. 短语填空1. able to 2. together 3.take off 4.hurry up 5.help sb with sth 6.after all 7.in opinion 8.plenty 9.wake up 10. the end of语法扫描 1-5 ABDAD直接引语变间接引语:1. asked her friend whe
25、ther he had finished his homework.2. not to come late again.3. his parents would scolded him.4. how many guests were present at the party last night.5. whether he had seen that flash of lightning6. ordered to be quiet.7. tell to look after myself8. he would go that evening 9. that he was born in1995
26、 in Wuhan.10. her visit was about making friends.句型转换1. Hurry up; or 2.hoping for 3.had a good time 4.help with 5.hardly.完成句子1.In my opinion, except for 2. warned you not to walk 3. lonely, alone 4. If, be angry with 5.dont be worried about meIII.短文填空groups while what shared fun may stay shown relaxed with grades finally for knowledge strict
