1、Welcome UnitDiscovering Useful Structures人教版（人教版（2019）必修一）必修一Analyse basic sentence structures Learn to know the basic sentence structures of English. Learn to analyse the structures of the sentences from the text.Learning objectivesWhat sentence elements do you know?S (subject)主语V (verb)谓语O (object
2、)宾语P (predicative)表语A (adverbial)状语DO (direct object)直接宾语IO (indirect object)间接宾语C (object complement)宾语补足语主语主语 一般是代词、名词或名词短语，位于句首，表明陈述的对象。谓语谓语 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，有完整的时态和语 态，一般在主语之后。宾语宾语 由名词性的词充当，表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物 动词和介词后面 (动宾&介宾)。表语表语 位于系动词后，用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的性质特征。状语状语 一般是副词或介词短语，用来说明动作的程度、地点或时间等。双宾语双
3、宾语 直接宾语一般指动作作用的对象，是动作的承受者，指“物”； 间接宾语指动作的接受者“人”。宾语补足语宾语补足语 位于宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明，使句子的意义完整。主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语表语表语状语状语双宾语双宾语宾语补足语宾语补足语Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语 SVAll of us laughed!He is playing.He will come.主语+表语 SP谓语是主语所做的动作。表语是对主语特征的描述。The teacher was kind and friendly.She is beautiful.He is a doctor.
4、Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语 SVAll of us laughed!He is playing.He will come.主语+谓语+宾语 SVO谓语一般是不及物动词。谓语必须是及物动词。I miss my grandma.She is learning French.He enjoys reading.Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S V IO DOHe told us a funny story.I bought my father a present.She showed her s
5、tudents the technique.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC直接宾语和间接宾语一般都是名词或代词。I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.They named their cat Huahua.宾语补足语与其前面的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，可以是形容词、名词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词。（转下页）（转下页）Study the sentence structures.（接上页）（接上页）SVOCI found most of my classmates and teac
6、hers friendly and helpful. (形容词)They named their cat Huahua. (名词)She always keeps everything in good order. (介词短语)He found his teacher out when he called on him. (副词)My mother wants me to take a break from my work. (动词不定式)I suddenly found someone running down the street. (现在分词)We saw the road covere
7、d with snow. (过去分词)Study the sentence structures.经常接双宾语的动词有：give, show, bring, pass, lend, tell, teach, write, buy, sing等。e.g.Give your mother the letter.The hospital agreed to lend us a wheelchair.She is teaching us sign language.经常接复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）的动词有：let, see, watch, hear, help, feel, call, make,
8、 find, tell, ask等。e.g.Dont let her upset you.She watched the kids playing in the yard.My mother made me wash the dishes after dinner.Study the sentence structures.主语+谓语+状语 SVAHe talked too much.All students worked very hard.It rains heavily.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 SVOAI had my first maths class at senior high s
9、chool.I go to the cinema every weekend.He loves his new bike a lot.谓语是不及物动词。谓语是及物动词。Study the sentence structures.状语有时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语、结果状语、条件状语、方式状语和让步状语等。e.g.I study hard at school every day to get good grades. (状语) (地点状语) (时间状语) (目的状语)He was late because he got up late. (原因状语)Bend the wire so t
10、hat it forms a “V”. (结果状语)I go to school by bike. (方式状语)If you try your best, you will succeed. (条件状语)Although he is two years old, he can dress himself. (让步状语)Study the sentence structures.There be 句型Theres a lot to explore at senior high.There are two people waiting outside.There must be easier wa
11、ys of doing this. 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。注意主谓一致，遵循“就近原则”。Study the sentence structures.基本句型1 SV主语+谓语（不及物动词）基本句型2 SP主语+表语基本句型3 SVO主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语基本句型4 S V IO DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语基本句型5 SVOC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语基本句型6 SVA主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语基本句型7 SVOA主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+状语基本句型8 There be句型ExerciseComplete part 2 on page
12、6.1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.2 We must act.3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the classroom empty.5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 We had chemis
13、try in the newly built lab.ExerciseComplete part 2 on page 6.1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.2 We must act.3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the classroom empty.5 My mum bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student
14、.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab.SVASVSPSVOCS V IO DOSVOThere be.SVOAHow would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the
15、 same subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship. Theres always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the
16、sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea!ExerciseComplete part 3 on page 6.1 .that dream has come true!2 Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! 3 They also learn about ships and the sea.4 Tim writes his parents an email.tells them what happened on the ship. 5 Theres always something exciting to do. 6 Studying and doing homework seem much more fun.ExerciseComplete part 3 on page 6.SVSVASVOS V IO DOThere be.SPWrite sentences about your first day at senior high school in different sentence structures.Thank you!
