1、 Unit 1Teenage LifePeriod 3Discovering Useful Structureschallengetitletopicfreshmanconfusingconfuseconfusedfluentn. 挑战；艰巨任务挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 怀疑；怀疑；向向挑战挑战n. (书、诗歌等的书、诗歌等的)名称名称; 标题标题; 职称职称; 头衔头衔n. 话题；标题话题；标题n. ( (中学中学) ) 九年级学生九年级学生; ( (大学大学) ) 一年级新生一年级新生adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的难以理解的；不清楚的vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑使糊涂；使迷惑adj. 糊涂的；迷惑
2、的糊涂的；迷惑的adj. ( (尤指外语尤指外语) )流利的流利的; 熟练的熟练的graduaterecommendsign up (for sth.)advancedadvanceliteratureextra-curricularvi.&vt. 毕业；获得学位毕业；获得学位n. 毕业生毕业生vt. 建议；推荐；介绍建议；推荐；介绍报名报名（参加课程）（参加课程）adj. 高级的高级的; 高等的高等的; 先进的先进的n. 前进；发展前进；发展vi. 前进；发展前进；发展vt. 发展；促进发展；促进n. 文学；文学作品文学；文学作品adj. 课外的；课程以外的课外的；课程以外的extraobv
3、iouslyquitresponsibleresponsibilitybe responsible forsolutionscheduleeditoradj. 额外的；附加的额外的；附加的adv. 显然；明显地显然；明显地vi.&vt. (quit, quit) 停止停止; 戒掉戒掉; 离开离开（工作职位、学校等）（工作职位、学校等）adj. 负责的；有责任的负责的；有责任的n. 责任；义务责任；义务对对负责负责n. 解决办法；答案解决办法；答案n. 工作计划；日程安排工作计划；日程安排vt. 安排；预定安排；预定n. 主编；编辑；编者主编；编辑；编者Lead-inDid you notice
4、 the phrases in this unit?What categories can they be divided into?Lets look at more examples!观察以下课文原句并思考红色部分红色部分的功能与构成: 1. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 2. The first week was a little confusing. 3. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language. 4.
5、 I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take. 5. Im a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course. 6. I joined a volunteer club instead. PresentationNoun Phrase(NP)Noun Phrase(NP)名词短语名词短语Adjective Phrase(AdjP) 形容词短语形容词短语very carefullya really big
6、 challengea very difficult languagea volunteer cluba little confusinga bit worriedAdverb Phrase（AdvP）副词短语副词短语word group with a noun as its head word以一个以一个名词为中心词名词为中心词构成构成的词组，在句子中的功能的词组，在句子中的功能相当于相当于名词名词。word group with a adjective as its head word以一个以一个形容词为中心词形容词为中心词构构成的词组，在句子中的功成的词组，在句子中的功能相当于能相当于形
7、容词形容词。word group with a adverb as its head word以一个以一个副词为中心词副词为中心词构成构成的词组，在句子中的功能的词组，在句子中的功能相当于相当于副词副词。1.含义：名词短语是指以一个含义：名词短语是指以一个_为中心构成的短语，在句中的功为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个名词。能相当于一个名词。它由它由几个名词几个名词或或名词及其修饰语名词及其修饰语构成。名词短语比起构成。名词短语比起单个名词表述得单个名词表述得更加具体、形象更加具体、形象。名词名词Noun Phrase (NP) 名词名词短语短语核心核心名词名词限定词限定词1.1.形容词
8、形容词2.2.名词名词1.1.介词短语介词短语2.2.形容词短形容词短语语3.3.定语从句定语从句4.4.非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语核心核心名词名词限定词限定词1.1.形容词形容词2.2.名词名词 修饰语修饰语前置前置（1）限定词）限定词+名词名词 a girl the girl that girl three students the first student my books some books other books限定词限定词是放在是放在名词前面名词前面，用来限定名词所，用来限定名词所指指范围范围的词语。对名词起的词语。对名词起泛指泛指或或特指特指作用，作用，表示表示确定数量确定
9、数量或或不确定数量不确定数量的修饰成分。的修饰成分。主要包括：主要包括：冠词冠词 (a, an, the, 零冠词零冠词)指示代词指示代词 (this, that, these, those等等)物物主主代词代词 (my, your, his, our, their等等)不定代词不定代词 (some, no, every, other等等)数词数词 (one, two, five, first, second等等)（2）限定词）限定词+形容词形容词+名词名词 two small eyes 小眼睛小眼睛 the clean water 干净的水干净的水 the blue sky 蓝色的天空蓝色的
10、天空（3）限定词）限定词+名词名词+名词名词 a coffee cup 咖啡杯咖啡杯 a shoe factory 鞋厂鞋厂 the paper flowers 纸花纸花 the winter clothes 冬季服装冬季服装 the flower shop花店花店核心核心名词名词1.介词短语介词短语2.形容词短语形容词短语3.定语从句定语从句4.非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语 修饰语修饰语后置后置限定词限定词（1）限定词）限定词+名词名词+介词短语介词短语 the kids (in the park) the students (on campus) the key (to the door)
11、 the answer (to the question) a girl (with long hair) a man (without a job) a gift (for my birthday) books (for children) the weather (of the city) 在公园里的小孩在公园里的小孩在校园里的学生在校园里的学生这扇门的钥匙这扇门的钥匙这个问题的答案这个问题的答案留着长发的一个女孩子留着长发的一个女孩子没有工作的一个人没有工作的一个人给我的生日礼物给我的生日礼物儿童读物儿童读物这座城市的天气这座城市的天气（3）限定词）限定词+名词名词+定语从句定语从句 a
12、 girl (who is good at English) a place (which is famous in China) the workers (that work day and night) （2）限定词）限定词+名词名词+形容词短语形容词短语 a man (suitable for the job) a girl (lucky enough) the boy (anxious to know the result) 一个适合这份工作的人一个适合这份工作的人一个很幸运的女孩子一个很幸运的女孩子一个擅长英语的女孩一个擅长英语的女孩一个在中国很出名的地方一个在中国很出名的地方日夜劳
13、作的工人们日夜劳作的工人们迫切想知道结果的那个男孩子迫切想知道结果的那个男孩子（4）限定词）限定词+名词名词+非谓语动词短语非谓语动词短语 a letter (to write) some words (to say) a lady (to get married) a group (to visit our school next week) 一封要写的信一封要写的信一些要说的话一些要说的话一位即将结婚的女士一位即将结婚的女士一个将到我们学习参观的团体一个将到我们学习参观的团体 a girl (singing well) the students (reading in the classr
14、oom) the man (playing basketball well) a book (written by Rose) the thief (caught by the police) the houses (broken by the earthquake)唱歌很好听的一个女孩子唱歌很好听的一个女孩子在教室里读书的学生在教室里读书的学生篮球打得很好的那个人篮球打得很好的那个人罗斯写的一本书罗斯写的一本书被警察抓住的那个小偷被警察抓住的那个小偷被地震破坏的房屋被地震破坏的房屋3. 语法功能：语法功能：(1) The baby girl is sleeping(2) I have thr
15、ee small tables.(3) He is my best friend.(4) We made Tom monitor of our class.(5) Mr Wang, our English teacher, gave us a speech.(1) The baby girl is sleeping.(2) I have three small tables.(3) He is my best friend.(4) We made Tom monitor of our class.(5) Mr Wang, our English teacher作主语 作宾语 作表语 作宾补 作
16、同位语 名词短语可充当主语，宾名词短语可充当主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语和同位语语，表语，宾语补足语和同位语PresentationLets put them in right word groups.1. a freshman 2.much more confident 3. a good first impression4. quickly and correctly 5. really amazing 6.my best friend7. most importantly 8. one of the most beautiful cities 9.suitable for the job
17、NP(名词词组名词词组)AdjP(形容词词组形容词词组)AdvP(副词词组副词词组)1，3，6， 81.The first week was a little confusing.2.The building is so big that Im completely lost.3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.5.The new coach tol
18、d me that I didnt play well enough.6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!Activity 1 on page 16Noun phraseEXERCISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是名词短语名词短语，并说出，并说出作什么句子成分作什么句子成分。1）These ideas may seem strange to you.2) We love our great motherland very much.3) The man weari
19、ng a black coat is our teacher.4) We made him captain of our team.EXERCISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是名词短语名词短语，并说出，并说出作什么句子成分作什么句子成分。1）These ideas may seem strange to you. （主主）2) We love our great motherland very much.（宾宾）3) The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. （定定）4) We made him capital of
20、our team. (宾补宾补）Adjective Phrase(AdjP) 形容词短语1.含义：含义：形容词短语是指以一个形容词短语是指以一个_为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个形容词。一个形容词。形容词形容词2. 构成：构成：形容词短语是由形容词短语是由形容词形容词或或形容词形容词+修饰语修饰语构成的。构成的。（1）形容词形容词+形容词形容词（两个或多个形容词可以由（两个或多个形容词可以由and, or, but等连词连接）等连词连接） large and beautiful 大且漂亮的大且漂亮的 young but wise 年轻但智慧的年轻但智
21、慧的（2）副词副词+形容词形容词 very hot 非常热的非常热的 a little dirty 有点脏的有点脏的 （3）形容词形容词+介词短语介词短语 full of water 装满水的装满水的 suitable for the job 适合这份工作的适合这份工作的3. 语法功能：语法功能：The bridge is long and wide.The old lady is very kind.You must keep the room clean and tidy.I think he is a man suitable for the job.In the corner, we
22、saw a boy full of fear.He stood there, cold and hungry.表语 表语 宾补 定语 定语 伴随状语 形容词短语可充当表语，形容词短语可充当表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语定语，状语和宾语补足语The bridge is long and wide.The old lady is very kind.You must keep the room clean and tidy.I think he is a man suitable for the job.In the corner, we saw a boy full of fear.He stoo
23、d there, cold and hungry.PresentationLets put them in right word groups.1. a freshman 2.much more confident 3. a good first impression4. quickly and correctly 5. really amazing 6.my best friend7. most importantly 8. one of the most beautiful cities 9.suitable for the jobNP(名词词组名词词组)AdjP(形容词词组形容词词组)A
24、dvP(副词词组副词词组)1，3，6， 82，5，9Activity 1 on page 161.The first week was a little confusing.2.The building is so big that Im completely lost.3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.5.The new coach told m
25、e that I didnt play well enough.6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!Adjective phraseEXERCISES:EXERCISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是形容词短语，形容词短语，并说出作什么并说出作什么句子成分句子成分。1）The air today is nice and clean.2) He is a friendly and patient teacher.3) He found the film very int
26、eresting.4) Safe and sound, we have arrived home.EXERCISES:EXERCISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是形容词短语，形容词短语，并说出作什么并说出作什么句子成分句子成分。1）The air today is nice and clean. （表语表语）2) He is a friendly and patient teacher. （定语定语）3) He found the film very interesting. （宾补宾补）4) Safe and sound, we have arrived home
27、. （状语状语） Adverb Phrase(AdvP) 副词短语1.含义：含义：副词短语是指以一个副词短语是指以一个_为中心构成的为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。副词副词2. 构成：构成：（1）副词副词+副词副词（两个或多个副词可以由（两个或多个副词可以由and, but等连词连接）等连词连接） quickly and correctly 快且准确地快且准确地 slowly but steadily 缓慢但稳步地缓慢但稳步地（2）副词副词+中心副词中心副词（very,quite,extremely等副词修饰其他副词等副词修饰其他副词） quit
28、e well 相当好地相当好地 very clearly 非常清楚地非常清楚地 extremely carefully 极其小心地极其小心地 She learnt the new skill very quickly.He drives extremely carefully.The dress is rather too small for her.He speaks much too slowly.Very luckily, he was not in the house then. She learnt the new skill very quickly.He drives extre
29、mely carefully.The dress is rather too small for her.He speaks much too slowly.Very luckily, he was not in the house then.3. 语法功能：语法功能：修饰动词 修饰动词 修饰形容词 修饰副词 修饰句子 副词短语可修饰动词、形容词和副词，甚至句子副词短语可修饰动词、形容词和副词，甚至句子PresentationLets put them in right word groups.1. a freshman 2.much more confident 3. a good firs
30、t impression4. quickly and correctly 5. really amazing 6.my best friend7. most importantly 8. one of the most beautiful cities 9.suitable for the jobNP(名词词组名词词组)AdjP(形容词词组形容词词组)AdvP(副词词组副词词组)1，3，6， 82，5，94，7Activity 1 on page 161.The first week was a little confusing.2.The building is so big that Im
31、 completely lost.3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.5.The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough.6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!Adverb phraseEXER
32、CISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是副词短语副词短语，并说出并说出修饰哪一部分修饰哪一部分。1）She types quickly and correctly. 2) I am much too pleased to see you.3) You should do things much more carefully.4) Surprisingly and sadly, he refused our offer.EXERCISES:指出下列句子中，哪个成分是指出下列句子中，哪个成分是副词短语副词短语，并说出并说出修饰哪一部分修饰哪一部分。1）She types q
33、uickly and correctly. （修饰动词修饰动词）2) I am much too pleased to see you. （修饰形容词修饰形容词）3) You should do things much more carefully.(修饰副词修饰副词)4) Surprisingly and sadly, he refused our offer. （修饰句子修饰句子）Exercises：完成句子（每空一词）完成句子（每空一词）1. _ _ _ (那家花店那家花店) is just around the corner and you wont miss it.2. I want
34、 to make _ _ _ _ (好的第一印象好的第一印象) on my first day at senior high.3. They are looking for _ _ _ _ _ _(一个穿蓝色一个穿蓝色T恤的男恤的男孩孩).4. Do you know _ _ _ _ _ _(在树下唱歌的女孩）？在树下唱歌的女孩）？5. The class was difficult, but the teacher was _ _ (足够好的足够好的)。6. _ _ _ (又饿又累又饿又累)，he fell asleep at the desk.7. Two boys ran _ _ _(激
35、动而紧张地）激动而紧张地）to the playground.8. _ _ (十分奇怪的是十分奇怪的是)，some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.The flower shopa good first impressiona boy in a blue T-shirt the girl singing under the tree nice enough Hungry and tired excitedly and nervouslyVery strangelyLets learn
36、 Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions.Noun Phrase(NP)Adjective Phrase(AdjP) Adverb Phrase(AdvP)word group with a noun as its head wordword group with an adjective as its head wordword group with an adverb as its head wordE.g.1. The firs
37、t week was a little confusing.NPAdjP2. The building is so big that Im completely lost.3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.NPAdjPAdjPNPNPNPAdvPNP5. The new coach told me that I didnt play well
38、enough.6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!NPAdvPNPAdjPNPAdvP2 Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.1. How soon do you think youll finish your homework? (pretty soon)2. What do you think of your new teachers?(very nice and patient)3. How many clubs ha
39、ve you joined this year?(two clubs)Ill finish my homework pretty soon. AdvP在句子中作时间状语。在句子中作时间状语。My new teachers are very nice and patient. AdjP在句子中作表语。在句子中作表语。Ive joined two clubs this year. NP在句子中作宾语。在句子中作宾语。Presentation4. How well does Rita play the violin? We need a new violist in our music club.
40、(quite well)5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course?(too difficult but very interesting)Rita plays the violins quite well. AdvP副词短语在句中充当状语。副词短语在句中充当状语。My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting. AdjP形容词短语在宾语从句充当表语。形容词短语在宾语从句充当
41、表语。 Complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form Cheerleader Try-outsIve wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for the team. It was hard. First, we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried. high schoolmy schools cheerleading reallyup and down around the
42、basketball court for 20 minutes.very hardSecond, we practiced singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well, but the other girls were better. Im not sure if Ill make the team or not.short fightof the strongervery highso loudlyquitein the try-outmany ofevenwhethercheerleadingthis year
