Unit 4 作文专项训练-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册.rar

Unit 4 作文专项训练作文专项训练概要性、灾害自救类写作概要性、灾害自救类写作 （原卷版）（原卷版）作文一：请阅读下面短文写一篇 60 词左右的概要。The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour after the earthquake, the smoke of San Franciscos fires could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The steel railway tracks were now useless. And the great pipes for carrying water under the streets had burst. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half of the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every directioneast, west, north, and southstrong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the citys best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fire. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all San Franciscos history were her people so kind as on that terrible night. 概要写作二：阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。Before a child starts school, his or her main role models are his or her parents or caregivers. Parents or caregivers with high self-esteem(自尊) typically model this to the children, who will gradually pick up these ideas. Those who are influenced by negativity(否定性, 消极态度), even if the negativity is not towards them, will often take the same way of thinking, leading to low self-esteem in childhood. Continual praise for a childs achievements plays a large part in a childs view of himself or herself. Praising a child for acting as expected or something good often encourages him or her to repeat the same action and forms a sense of self-worth. Empty praise, however, can have the opposite(相反的)effect. A child who is praised for anything will stop believing the words, and the empty praise will have little effect on self-esteem in childhood or possibly a negative effect. Providing a child with responsibilities based on his or her abilities is also important in the development of self-esteem in childhood. Making a child feel like a helpful member of a family or group, whether at home or school, helps to form a higher sense of confidence in his or her abilities. However, giving a child unfit responsibilities or tasks can do no good to the development of high self-esteem in childhood. Each person has strengths and weaknesses. A child can build up his or her confidence level when he/she is encouraged to take part in activities , which can provide him or her with chances to work on weaknesses(缺点) in a helpful environment. Children who are given the opportunities to use their unique skills to help others or improve themselves have higher self-esteem than those who are not given the same chances or who are pushed into activities that they do not enjoy or do not have an ability to do. _ 作文三：地震自救类近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。内容要点: 1. 地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物; 2. 如果在室内, 要尽量躲在桌子等坚固的家具下面, 并注意保护好头部、颈部; 3. 逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。注意: 1. 词数 80 个左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。How to Survive in an Earthquake_ Unit 4 作文专项训练作文专项训练概要性、灾害自救类写作概要性、灾害自救类写作 （解析版）（解析版）作文一：请阅读下面短文写一篇 60 词左右的概要。The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18, 1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of millions of dollars worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories, the great stores and newspaper buildings, the hotels, and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later, the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street, in the working-class neighborhoods and in the factories, fires started. Within an hour after the earthquake, the smoke of San Franciscos fires could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The steel railway tracks were now useless. And the great pipes for carrying water under the streets had burst. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon, half of the heart of the city was gone. At that time, I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay (海湾). Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every directioneast, west, north, and southstrong winds blew upon the unlucky city and those whose homes had once stood in its green hills. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the citys best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fire. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fights and no pushing or shoving. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all San Franciscos history were her people so kind as on that terrible night. A great earthquake struck San Francisco on April 18th, 1906, leaving the city completely destroyed. It was at 5: 15 am that the quake began, and later fires started in South of Market Street and the city was left without means of communication or transportation. By the afternoon, half of the heart of the city had disappeared. When night fell, seeing the awful destruction, homeless people escaped the city to find shelter. Although in disaster, people had shown their greatest kindness. 概要写作二：阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。Before a child starts school, his or her main role models are his or her parents or caregivers. Parents or caregivers with high self-esteem(自尊) typically model this to the children, who will gradually pick up these ideas. Those who are influenced by negativity(否定性, 消极态度), even if the negativity is not towards them, will often take the same way of thinking, leading to low self-esteem in childhood. Continual praise for a childs achievements plays a large part in a childs view of himself or herself. Praising a child for acting as expected or something good often encourages him or her to repeat the same action and forms a sense of self-worth. Empty praise, however, can have the opposite(相反的)effect. A child who is praised for anything will stop believing the words, and the empty praise will have little effect on self-esteem in childhood or possibly a negative effect. Providing a child with responsibilities based on his or her abilities is also important in the development of self-esteem in childhood. Making a child feel like a helpful member of a family or group, whether at home or school, helps to form a higher sense of confidence in his or her abilities. However, giving a child unfit responsibilities or tasks can do no good to the development of high self-esteem in childhood. Each person has strengths and weaknesses. A child can build up his or her confidence level when he/she is encouraged to take part in activities , which can provide him or her with chances to work on weaknesses(缺点) in a helpful environment. Children who are given the opportunities to use their unique skills to help others or improve themselves have higher self-esteem than those who are not given the same chances or who are pushed into activities that they do not enjoy or do not have an ability to do. _ _【参考范文】Several different factors affect self-esteem in childhood, especially a childs communication with his parents, caregivers, and other adult role models. (要点要点 1)Receiving praise for achievements can build up a childs confidence, (要点要点 2)and whether or not he is given proper responsibilities can have an effect on his self-esteem level. (要点要点 3)In addition, taking part in activities can aid in the development of a childs self-esteem. (要点要点 4)作文三：地震自救类近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以“How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。内容要点: 1. 地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物; 2. 如果在室内, 要尽量躲在桌子等坚固的家具下面, 并注意保护好头部、颈部; 3. 逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。注意: 1. 词数 80 个左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。How to Survive in an Earthquake_ 【参考范文】How to Survive in an EarthquakeEarthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage. So how to keep safe during an earthquake has become an important issue. Here are some guidelines. Above all, dont be nervous and try to keep calm. If you are outdoors, its necessary to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, power lines and anything else that might fall on you. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects. Finally, never use the lift. Actually we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.